{"id":{"repo_id":"vt","oai_identifier":"oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/38121"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vt/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/38121","repository":{"repo_id":"vt","name":"Virginia Tech","base_url":"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Perspectives of America's school board members concerning the availability, purposes, and effectiveness of alternative education off-site programs for troubled school students","abstract":"The major purpose of this study was to determine the opinion of school board members regarding the availability, purposes and effectiveness of alternative education off-site programs for troubled school students. Data related to the frequency of alternative programs were gathered, and cross tabulated with selected demographic variables which include region of country, size of district, and community type. In addition, board members offered their opinions regarding the target populations for off-site programs, and the purposes of such programs. The study sought to identify those specific alternative services which were in existence, as well as the primary purpose of alternative education. Lastly, board members were asked the extent to which the wide variety of alternative services was effective. Descriptive research methodology was utilized in this study. A stratified, random sample of school board member subscribers to The American School Board Journal was identified, and subsequently surveyed through use of a mailed questionnaire. Twenty-two percent of the population of 27,141 were surveyed. The response rate was 13.6%. The study was sponsored by The American School Board Journal, which is published by the National School Boards Association, the national professional organization for school board members in the United States. The study revealed that alternative programs for troubled students are prevalent throughout the United States, irrespective of community type, size of school district, or region of the country. The target populations for these alternative services are as diverse as the nation itself. Board members believe that collaboration between school divisions and other agencies should occur as these diverse and numerous populations of students are served. School board members also felt that most targeted populations were being served in an effective manner.","abstract_html":"The major purpose of this study was to determine the opinion of school board members regarding the availability, purposes and effectiveness of alternative education off-site programs for troubled school students. Data related to the frequency of alternative programs were gathered, and cross tabulated with selected demographic variables which include region of country, size of district, and community type. In addition, board members offered their opinions regarding the target populations for off-site programs, and the purposes of such programs. The study sought to identify those specific alternative services which were in existence, as well as the primary purpose of alternative education. Lastly, board members were asked the extent to which the wide variety of alternative services was effective. Descriptive research methodology was utilized in this study. A stratified, random sample of school board member subscribers to The American School Board Journal was identified, and subsequently surveyed through use of a mailed questionnaire. Twenty-two percent of the population of 27,141 were surveyed. The response rate was 13.6%. The study was sponsored by The American School Board Journal, which is published by the National School Boards Association, the national professional organization for school board members in the United States. The study revealed that alternative programs for troubled students are prevalent throughout the United States, irrespective of community type, size of school district, or region of the country. The target populations for these alternative services are as diverse as the nation itself. Board members believe that collaboration between school divisions and other agencies should occur as these diverse and numerous populations of students are served. School board members also felt that most targeted populations were being served in an effective manner.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Upperman, James Earl"],"institution":"Virginia Tech","degree_name":"Doctor of Education","degree_level":"doctoral","degree_discipline":"Educational Administration","degree_department":"Educational Administration","school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":["Curcio, Joan L."],"committee_members":["Underwood, Kenneth E.","Worner, Wayne M.","Fortune, Jimmie C.","Graham, Jim D."],"year":1995,"date_issued":"1995","date_published":"1995","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:20:43Z","subjects":[],"languages":["en"],"rights":["In Copyright"],"rights_urls":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-06062008-155453"],"render_values":[{"text":"etd-06062008-155453","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/38121","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.committeechair","label":"Committee Chair","values":["Curcio, Joan L."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.committeemember","label":"Committee Member","values":["Underwood, Kenneth E.","Worner, Wayne M.","Fortune, Jimmie C.","Graham, Jim D."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.department","label":"Department","values":["Educational Administration"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Upperman, James Earl"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2014-03-14T21:12:44Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2014-03-14T21:12:44Z","2008-06-06"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["1995"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Virginia Tech"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"dc:type.dcmitype","label":"Dc Type Dcmitype","values":["Text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Educational Administration"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["doctoral"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Doctor of Education"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["In Copyright"]},{"key":"dc:rights.uri","label":"Rights URI","values":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-06062008-155453"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/38121"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The major purpose of this study was to determine the opinion of school board members regarding the availability, purposes and effectiveness of alternative education off-site programs for troubled school students. Data related to the frequency of alternative programs were gathered, and cross tabulated with selected demographic variables which include region of country, size of district, and community type. In addition, board members offered their opinions regarding the target populations for off-site programs, and the purposes of such programs. The study sought to identify those specific alternative services which were in existence, as well as the primary purpose of alternative education. Lastly, board members were asked the extent to which the wide variety of alternative services was effective. Descriptive research methodology was utilized in this study. A stratified, random sample of school board member subscribers to The American School Board Journal was identified, and subsequently surveyed through use of a mailed questionnaire. Twenty-two percent of the population of 27,141 were surveyed. The response rate was 13.6%. The study was sponsored by The American School Board Journal, which is published by the National School Boards Association, the national professional organization for school board members in the United States. The study revealed that alternative programs for troubled students are prevalent throughout the United States, irrespective of community type, size of school district, or region of the country. The target populations for these alternative services are as diverse as the nation itself. Board members believe that collaboration between school divisions and other agencies should occur as these diverse and numerous populations of students are served. School board members also felt that most targeted populations were being served in an effective manner."]},{"key":"dc:description.degree","label":"Dc Description Degree","values":["Ed. 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