Prediction of the running torque of instrument ball bearings at high speed under combined radial and axial loads

The purpose of this investigation was to develop an expression to represent the torque versus speed behavior of instrument ball bearings between 1000 and 40,000 rpm with various combinations of radial and axial load ranging between 0 and 200 grams. Because of the lack of experimental data for instrument bearings over any range of speeds, loads and sizes, it was necessary to construct a suitable bearing tester and accumulate the required data. The testers used were based on previous work by H.H. Mabie at Sandia Corporation and G.E. Clarke at V.P.I. The driving source was a small air turbine developed by Mabie which performed smoothly and reliably between 0 and 50,000 rpm. The torque measuring system employed strain gages on a very small beam which was used to sense forces on the stationary outer race of the bearing while the inner race was driven at speed. Each test was conducted from 0 to 40,000 rpm. The radial load took on va1ues of 50, 100, and 200 grams. The axial load was 0, 50, 100, and 200 grams. All combinations of these loads were used for each size bearing. The sizes tested were R-2, R-3, R-4. Six bearings of each size were used with all six bearings of each size undergoing the same test program in order to yield statistically reasonable averages. Investigation of analytical methods of predicting the running torque indicated that production tolerances of ball bearings rendered such an approach impractical. This led to the development of an empirical expression to predict the running torque within the same range of sizes, loads, and speeds for which experimental test data was obtained. Such an empirical expression was successfully developed and the reSUlting torque predictions compared with the experimental values of torque. The empirical expression proved capable of predicting the running torques within the envelope of the sample standard deviations for a given bearing size and loading in most cases. During the investigation of supplementary topics, it was determined that frictional heating was insignificant during the conduct of the torque tests which had a duration of approximately two minutes. All tests were at ambient temperature. All tests conducted were with oil lubricant and ribbon retainer ba1l bearings. There was no evidence that the empirical expression for friction torque developed here was valid when extrapolated beyond the limits of size, load, and speed used in its development.

Name thesis:degree_name

Ph. D.

Level thesis:degree_level

doctoral

Discipline thesis:degree_discipline

Mechanical Engineering

Department dc:contributor.department

Mechanical Engineering

Grantor dc:publisher

Virginia Tech

Year dc:date.issued

1968

Author dc:creator

• Clarke, George Edward

Chair dc:contributor.committeechair

• Mabie, Hamilton H.

Committee members dc:contributor.committeemember

• Jones, J. B.
• Wood, Henry L.
• Eiss, Norman S. Jr.
• Smith, Charles W.
• Johnson, Harry Lee

• ball bearings

Statement dc:rights

• In Copyright

Licence dc:rights.uri

• http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/

Language dc:language.iso

en

Dc Identifier Other

etd-06022010-020308

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/37926