{"id":{"repo_id":"vt","oai_identifier":"oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/35853"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vt/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/35853","repository":{"repo_id":"vt","name":"Virginia Tech","base_url":"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"The Effects of Genotype, Chromium Picolinate Supplementation, Sex, and Their Interactions on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Muscle Quality in Pigs","abstract":"Two trials (n = 160) were conducted to evaluate the effects of the halothane gene, chromium picolinate supplementation, and sex on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality in pigs. Halothane negative (NN) and halothane carrier (Nn) pigs (barrows, gilts) were supplemented with either 0 or 200 ppb chromium picolinate from 28.7 to 107.3 kg. There were no differences between genotypes for ADG or G/F. Chromium had no significant effect on any growth, carcass, or muscle quality characteristics, although chromium-fed pigs were slightly fatter. Barrows gained faster (P < .001) and consumed more feed (P < .001) than gilts, yielding heavier (P < .001) carcasses, and heavier (P < .05) wholesale cuts. Gilts had less backfat (P < .001) and larger (P < .01) LMA, and tended to gain more efficiently than barrows. Carrier pigs had lower pH values, higher CIE L* values, higher drip loss, and lower protein solubility (P < .05), all indicators of decreased quality. Chromium supplementation resulted in pork with higher (P<.05) CIE a*, CIE b*, and Chroma C values. Halothane carrier barrows and all gilts that were not fed chromium had lower lipid muscle content than NN barrows (P < .05). Gilts had higher CIE L* and a* values (P < .001), less lipid, and higher moisture percentage (P < .02) than barrows. Chromium picolinate did not negatively affect pork muscle quality.","abstract_html":"Two trials (n = 160) were conducted to evaluate the effects of the halothane gene, chromium picolinate supplementation, and sex on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality in pigs. Halothane negative (NN) and halothane carrier (Nn) pigs (barrows, gilts) were supplemented with either 0 or 200 ppb chromium picolinate from 28.7 to 107.3 kg. There were no differences between genotypes for ADG or G/F. Chromium had no significant effect on any growth, carcass, or muscle quality characteristics, although chromium-fed pigs were slightly fatter. Barrows gained faster (P &lt; .001) and consumed more feed (P &lt; .001) than gilts, yielding heavier (P &lt; .001) carcasses, and heavier (P &lt; .05) wholesale cuts. Gilts had less backfat (P &lt; .001) and larger (P &lt; .01) LMA, and tended to gain more efficiently than barrows. Carrier pigs had lower pH values, higher CIE L* values, higher drip loss, and lower protein solubility (P &lt; .05), all indicators of decreased quality. Chromium supplementation resulted in pork with higher (P&lt;.05) CIE a*, CIE b*, and Chroma C values. Halothane carrier barrows and all gilts that were not fed chromium had lower lipid muscle content than NN barrows (P &lt; .05). Gilts had higher CIE L* and a* values (P &lt; .001), less lipid, and higher moisture percentage (P &lt; .02) than barrows. Chromium picolinate did not negatively affect pork muscle quality.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Green, Brent Kenneth II"],"institution":"Virginia Tech","degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":"masters","degree_discipline":"Animal and Poultry Sciences","degree_department":"Animal and Poultry Sciences","school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":["Wood, Cynthia M."],"committee_members":["Claus, James R.","Harper, Allen F."],"year":1997,"date_issued":"1997-08-22","date_published":"1997-08-22","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:18:39Z","subjects":["Pigs","Pork Quality","Halothane","Chromium Picolin","Sex"],"languages":[],"rights":["In Copyright"],"rights_urls":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-11298-162233"],"render_values":[{"text":"etd-11298-162233","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35853","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.committeechair","label":"Committee Chair","values":["Wood, Cynthia M."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.committeemember","label":"Committee Member","values":["Claus, James R.","Harper, Allen F."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.department","label":"Department","values":["Animal and Poultry Sciences"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Green, Brent Kenneth II"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2014-03-14T20:48:30Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2014-03-14T20:48:30Z","1999-02-13"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["1997-08-22"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Virginia Tech"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Animal and Poultry Sciences"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["masters"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Pigs","Pork Quality","Halothane","Chromium Picolin","Sex"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["In Copyright"]},{"key":"dc:rights.uri","label":"Rights URI","values":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-11298-162233"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35853"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Two trials (n = 160) were conducted to evaluate the effects of the halothane gene, chromium picolinate supplementation, and sex on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality in pigs. Halothane negative (NN) and halothane carrier (Nn) pigs (barrows, gilts) were supplemented with either 0 or 200 ppb chromium picolinate from 28.7 to 107.3 kg. There were no differences between genotypes for ADG or G/F. Chromium had no significant effect on any growth, carcass, or muscle quality characteristics, although chromium-fed pigs were slightly fatter. Barrows gained faster (P < .001) and consumed more feed (P < .001) than gilts, yielding heavier (P < .001) carcasses, and heavier (P < .05) wholesale cuts. Gilts had less backfat (P < .001) and larger (P < .01) LMA, and tended to gain more efficiently than barrows. Carrier pigs had lower pH values, higher CIE L* values, higher drip loss, and lower protein solubility (P < .05), all indicators of decreased quality. Chromium supplementation resulted in pork with higher (P<.05) CIE a*, CIE b*, and Chroma C values. Halothane carrier barrows and all gilts that were not fed chromium had lower lipid muscle content than NN barrows (P < .05). Gilts had higher CIE L* and a* values (P < .001), less lipid, and higher moisture percentage (P < .02) than barrows. Chromium picolinate did not negatively affect pork muscle quality."]},{"key":"dc:description.degree","label":"Dc Description Degree","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["The Effects of Genotype, Chromium Picolinate Supplementation, Sex, and Their Interactions on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Muscle Quality in Pigs"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.committeechair":["Wood, Cynthia M."],"dc:contributor.committeemember":["Claus, James R.","Harper, Allen F."],"dc:contributor.department":["Animal and Poultry Sciences"],"dc:creator":["Green, Brent Kenneth II"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2014-03-14T20:48:30Z"],"dc:date.available":["2014-03-14T20:48:30Z","1999-02-13"],"dc:date.issued":["1997-08-22"],"dc:description.abstract":["Two trials (n = 160) were conducted to evaluate the effects of the halothane gene, chromium picolinate supplementation, and sex on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality in pigs. Halothane negative (NN) and halothane carrier (Nn) pigs (barrows, gilts) were supplemented with either 0 or 200 ppb chromium picolinate from 28.7 to 107.3 kg. There were no differences between genotypes for ADG or G/F. Chromium had no significant effect on any growth, carcass, or muscle quality characteristics, although chromium-fed pigs were slightly fatter. Barrows gained faster (P < .001) and consumed more feed (P < .001) than gilts, yielding heavier (P < .001) carcasses, and heavier (P < .05) wholesale cuts. Gilts had less backfat (P < .001) and larger (P < .01) LMA, and tended to gain more efficiently than barrows. Carrier pigs had lower pH values, higher CIE L* values, higher drip loss, and lower protein solubility (P < .05), all indicators of decreased quality. Chromium supplementation resulted in pork with higher (P<.05) CIE a*, CIE b*, and Chroma C values. Halothane carrier barrows and all gilts that were not fed chromium had lower lipid muscle content than NN barrows (P < .05). Gilts had higher CIE L* and a* values (P < .001), less lipid, and higher moisture percentage (P < .02) than barrows. Chromium picolinate did not negatively affect pork muscle quality."],"dc:description.degree":["Master of Science"],"dc:identifier.other":["etd-11298-162233"],"dc:identifier.uri":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35853"],"dc:publisher":["Virginia Tech"],"dc:rights":["In Copyright"],"dc:rights.uri":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dc:subject":["Pigs","Pork Quality","Halothane","Chromium Picolin","Sex"],"dc:title":["The Effects of Genotype, Chromium Picolinate Supplementation, Sex, and Their Interactions on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Muscle Quality in Pigs"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Animal and Poultry Sciences"],"thesis:degree_level":["masters"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science"],"thesis:institution_name":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:18:39Z"}