{"id":{"repo_id":"vt","oai_identifier":"oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/34921"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vt/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/34921","repository":{"repo_id":"vt","name":"Virginia Tech","base_url":"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"A rapid, non-destructive test to detect camshaft lobe grinding burn","abstract":"The work presented herein describes thesis research in an on-going camshaft grinding evaluation study, initially under the sole sponsorship of Ford Motor Company, and subsequently under the auspices of the National Science Foundation, with industrial participation from American Stress Technologies, Ford Motor Company, G.E. Superabrasives and Litton Automotive Services. Six mechanically assembled camshafts were ground with each of their eight induction hardened lobes receiving a different depth of cut per pass. X-ray residual stress measurements made with depth identified significant near-surface tensile residual stresses in abusively ground regions of the lobes. Acid etching at the time of grinding and subsequent microhardness measurements were employed to verify the x-ray depth results. The grinding operation was further characterized with use of profile and roughness measurements. Burn (defined as a localized tempering of the cam lobe as a result of the grinding operation) appeared in those lobes that received the larger depth of cut, and was concentrated along the ramps and base circle. Several non-destructive examination techniques were then compared with each other to discover which best detected burn. Intercomparison involved evaluating the strength and consistency of the measurement signal. Background noise occurred in all cases due to the measurement technique, instrument error, and human error. Measurement of grinding forces and x-ray diffraction line width analysis were found to be suitable for rapidly and reliably detecting grinding burn in the induction-hardened carbon steel cam lobes. In this regard, it may now be possible to have reliable, quantitative, and non-destructive cam lobe examination in place of the traditional acid etching.","abstract_html":"The work presented herein describes thesis research in an on-going camshaft grinding evaluation study, initially under the sole sponsorship of Ford Motor Company, and subsequently under the auspices of the National Science Foundation, with industrial participation from American Stress Technologies, Ford Motor Company, G.E. Superabrasives and Litton Automotive Services. Six mechanically assembled camshafts were ground with each of their eight induction hardened lobes receiving a different depth of cut per pass. X-ray residual stress measurements made with depth identified significant near-surface tensile residual stresses in abusively ground regions of the lobes. Acid etching at the time of grinding and subsequent microhardness measurements were employed to verify the x-ray depth results. The grinding operation was further characterized with use of profile and roughness measurements. Burn (defined as a localized tempering of the cam lobe as a result of the grinding operation) appeared in those lobes that received the larger depth of cut, and was concentrated along the ramps and base circle. Several non-destructive examination techniques were then compared with each other to discover which best detected burn. Intercomparison involved evaluating the strength and consistency of the measurement signal. Background noise occurred in all cases due to the measurement technique, instrument error, and human error. Measurement of grinding forces and x-ray diffraction line width analysis were found to be suitable for rapidly and reliably detecting grinding burn in the induction-hardened carbon steel cam lobes. In this regard, it may now be possible to have reliable, quantitative, and non-destructive cam lobe examination in place of the traditional acid etching.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Courtney, Scott B."],"institution":"Virginia Tech","degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":"masters","degree_discipline":"Materials Science and Engineering","degree_department":"Materials Science and Engineering","school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":["Hendricks, Robert Wayne"],"committee_members":["Landgraf, Ronald W.","Reynolds, William T. Jr.","Whalen, Thomas J."],"year":1993,"date_issued":"1993-12-01","date_published":"1993-12-01","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:19:26Z","subjects":[],"languages":["en"],"rights":["In Copyright"],"rights_urls":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-09042008-063602"],"render_values":[{"text":"etd-09042008-063602","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34921","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.committeechair","label":"Committee Chair","values":["Hendricks, Robert Wayne"]},{"key":"dc:contributor.committeemember","label":"Committee Member","values":["Landgraf, Ronald W.","Reynolds, William T. 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Superabrasives and Litton Automotive Services. Six mechanically assembled camshafts were ground with each of their eight induction hardened lobes receiving a different depth of cut per pass. X-ray residual stress measurements made with depth identified significant near-surface tensile residual stresses in abusively ground regions of the lobes. Acid etching at the time of grinding and subsequent microhardness measurements were employed to verify the x-ray depth results. The grinding operation was further characterized with use of profile and roughness measurements. Burn (defined as a localized tempering of the cam lobe as a result of the grinding operation) appeared in those lobes that received the larger depth of cut, and was concentrated along the ramps and base circle. Several non-destructive examination techniques were then compared with each other to discover which best detected burn. Intercomparison involved evaluating the strength and consistency of the measurement signal. Background noise occurred in all cases due to the measurement technique, instrument error, and human error. Measurement of grinding forces and x-ray diffraction line width analysis were found to be suitable for rapidly and reliably detecting grinding burn in the induction-hardened carbon steel cam lobes. In this regard, it may now be possible to have reliable, quantitative, and non-destructive cam lobe examination in place of the traditional acid etching."]},{"key":"dc:description.degree","label":"Dc Description Degree","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"dc:format.medium","label":"Dc Format Medium","values":["BTD"]},{"key":"dc:format.mimetype","label":"Dc Format Mimetype","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["A rapid, non-destructive test to detect camshaft lobe grinding burn"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.committeechair":["Hendricks, Robert Wayne"],"dc:contributor.committeemember":["Landgraf, Ronald W.","Reynolds, William T. Jr.","Whalen, Thomas J."],"dc:contributor.department":["Materials Science and Engineering"],"dc:creator":["Courtney, Scott B."],"dc:date.accessioned":["2014-03-14T20:44:47Z"],"dc:date.available":["2014-03-14T20:44:47Z","2008-09-04"],"dc:date.issued":["1993-12-01"],"dc:description.abstract":["The work presented herein describes thesis research in an on-going camshaft grinding evaluation study, initially under the sole sponsorship of Ford Motor Company, and subsequently under the auspices of the National Science Foundation, with industrial participation from American Stress Technologies, Ford Motor Company, G.E. Superabrasives and Litton Automotive Services. Six mechanically assembled camshafts were ground with each of their eight induction hardened lobes receiving a different depth of cut per pass. X-ray residual stress measurements made with depth identified significant near-surface tensile residual stresses in abusively ground regions of the lobes. Acid etching at the time of grinding and subsequent microhardness measurements were employed to verify the x-ray depth results. The grinding operation was further characterized with use of profile and roughness measurements. Burn (defined as a localized tempering of the cam lobe as a result of the grinding operation) appeared in those lobes that received the larger depth of cut, and was concentrated along the ramps and base circle. Several non-destructive examination techniques were then compared with each other to discover which best detected burn. Intercomparison involved evaluating the strength and consistency of the measurement signal. Background noise occurred in all cases due to the measurement technique, instrument error, and human error. Measurement of grinding forces and x-ray diffraction line width analysis were found to be suitable for rapidly and reliably detecting grinding burn in the induction-hardened carbon steel cam lobes. In this regard, it may now be possible to have reliable, quantitative, and non-destructive cam lobe examination in place of the traditional acid etching."],"dc:description.degree":["Master of Science"],"dc:format.medium":["BTD"],"dc:format.mimetype":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier.other":["etd-09042008-063602"],"dc:identifier.uri":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34921"],"dc:language.iso":["en"],"dc:publisher":["Virginia Tech"],"dc:rights":["In Copyright"],"dc:rights.uri":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dc:title":["A rapid, non-destructive test to detect camshaft lobe grinding burn"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"dc:type.dcmitype":["Text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Materials Science and Engineering"],"thesis:degree_level":["masters"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science"],"thesis:institution_name":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:19:26Z"}