A Study of Durability for Elastomeric Fuel Cell Seals and an Examination of Confinement Effects in Elastomeric Joints

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells typically consist of stacks of membrane electrode assemblies sandwiched between bipolar plates, effectively combining the individual cells in series to achieve the desired voltage levels. Elastomeric gaskets are commonly used between each cell to insure that the reactant gases are isolated; any failure of a fuel cell gasket can cause the reactants to mix, which may lead to failure of the fuel cell. An investigation of the durability of these fuel cell seals was performed by using accelerated characterization methods. A hydrocarbon sealant was tested in five different environments to simulate fuel cell conditions. Viscoelastic properties of these seals were analyzed using momentary and relaxation compressive stress tests. Material properties such as secant modulus at 100% strain, tensile strength, and strain at failure were determined using dog-bone samples aged at several different imposed strains and aging times in environments of interest. Tearing energy was evaluated using trouser test samples tested under different rates and temperatures after various environmental aging conditions. Additionally, tearing tests were conducted on samples tested in liquid environment. A viscoelastic and mechanical property characterization of these elastomeric seals under accelerated aging conditions could help understand the behavior and predict durability in the presence of mechanical and environmental loading. Additionally, the effects of confinement have been evaluated for a bonded joint with varying thickness along the bonded direction. The Dreaming project is a glass art project in Fredrick, MD which incorporates such a varying thickness joint where thermal expansion of the adhesive has caused the glass adherend to break and debonding of the sealant. To examine this joint design, finite element analysis has been used to determine the effects of thermal expansion on such a complex geometry. Nine different test geometries have been evaluated to determine the effect of confinement coupled with thermal expansion on joint design with an elastomeric adhesive. Once evaluated, design changes were performed to try to reduce the loading while maintaining the general joint design. Results of this analysis can be used to determine the effects of confinement on a complex elastomeric joint.

Name thesis:degree_name

Master of Science

Level thesis:degree_level

masters

Discipline thesis:degree_discipline

Engineering Mechanics

Department dc:contributor.department

Engineering Mechanics

Grantor dc:publisher

Virginia Tech

Year dc:date.issued

2010

Author dc:creator

• Klein, Justin

Chair dc:contributor.committeechair

• Dillard, David A.

Committee members dc:contributor.committeemember

• Moore, Robert Bowen
• Case, Scott W.

• Degradation
• Durability
• Lifetime
• Stress Relaxation
• Confinement
• Strain Energy Release Rate
• Thermal Expansion
• Elastomer
• Varying Thickness

Statement dc:rights

• In Copyright

Licence dc:rights.uri

• http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/

Dc Identifier Other

etd-05122010-173824

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/32666