Nitrogen Regime Influence on Nutrient and Sediment Surface Runoff During Vegetative Establishment of Bermudagrass

Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) is a popular turfgrass used throughout the Southeast. Bermudagrass is established primarily as sprigs on large acreage sites. Currently, the industry standard practice (ISP) of fertilization during bermudagrass sprig establishment is 48.8 kg N ha⁻¹ wk⁻¹. This fertilizer rate can be excessive on morphologically immature sprigs in the initial weeks of establishment, thus making the possibility of offsite surface runoff N events more likely. Two experiments were conducted in 2000 and 2001 where sprigs were established at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks prior to applying simulated rainfall (WPRS) following N fertilization rates of the ISP or a lower initial N (LIN) rate of 12.2 kg N ha⁻¹ wk⁻¹ the first four weeks and then 48.8 kg N ha⁻¹ wk⁻¹ until full establishment. At the tenth week all treatments were subjected to rainfall simulation at 63.5 mm hr⁻¹. Once surface runoff was induced, rainfall continued for thirty minutes during which time runoff samples were taken every five minutes and analyzed for sediment losses, N concentrations in the nitrate and ammonium forms, and phosphorus losses as dissolved reactive P (DRP). Experimental results indicate an ability to curb N losses through surface runoff during the initial weeks of sprig establishment following the LIN with only modest delays in sprig establishment. Sprigs established for the same time period, under the ISP or LIN, were very similar in growth, release of surface runoff, and sediment losses during runoff events.

Name thesis:degree_name

Master of Science

Level thesis:degree_level

masters

Discipline thesis:degree_discipline

Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences

Department dc:contributor.department

Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences

Grantor dc:publisher

Virginia Tech

Year dc:date.issued

2002

Author dc:creator

• Beasley, Jeffrey S.

Chair dc:contributor.committeechair

• Chalmers, David R.

Committee members dc:contributor.committeemember

• Reneau, Raymond B. Jr.
• Mullins, Gregory L.
• Ervin, Erik H.

• Bermudagrass
• Sprig
• Surface runoff
• Nitrogen loss

Statement dc:rights

• In Copyright

Licence dc:rights.uri

• http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/

Dc Identifier Other

etd-04252002-130324

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/31900