{"id":{"repo_id":"vt","oai_identifier":"oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/31688"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vt/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/31688","repository":{"repo_id":"vt","name":"Virginia Tech","base_url":"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Design and Calibration of a Novel High Temperature Heat Flux Sensor","abstract":"Heat flux gages are important in applications where measurement of the transfer of energy is more important than measurement of the temperature itself. There is a need for a heat flux sensor that can perform reliably for long periods of time in high temperature and high heat flux environment. The primary objective is to design and build a heat flux sensor that is capable of operating for extended periods of time in a high heat flux and high temperature environment. A High Temperature Heat Flux Sensor (HTHFS) was made by connecting 10 brass and steel thermocouple junctions in a thermopile circuit. This gage does not have a separate thermal resistance layer making it easier to fabricate. The HTHFS was calibrated in a custom-made convection calibration facility using a commercial Heat Flux Microsensor (HFM) as the calibration standard. The measured sensitivity of the HTHFS was 20.4 ±2.0ìV/(W/cm2). The measured sensitivity value matched with the theoretically calculated value of 20.5 ìV/(W/cm2). The average sensitivity of the HTHFS prototype was one-fifth of the sensitivity of a commercially available HFM. Better ways of mounting the HTHFS in the calibration stand have been recommended for future tests on the HTHFS for better testing. The HTHFS has the potential to be made into a microsensor with thousands of junctions added together in a thermopile circuit. This could lead to a heat flux sensor that could generate large signals (~few mV) and also be capable of operating in high heat flux and high temperature conditions.","abstract_html":"Heat flux gages are important in applications where measurement of the transfer of energy is more important than measurement of the temperature itself. There is a need for a heat flux sensor that can perform reliably for long periods of time in high temperature and high heat flux environment. The primary objective is to design and build a heat flux sensor that is capable of operating for extended periods of time in a high heat flux and high temperature environment. A High Temperature Heat Flux Sensor (HTHFS) was made by connecting 10 brass and steel thermocouple junctions in a thermopile circuit. This gage does not have a separate thermal resistance layer making it easier to fabricate. The HTHFS was calibrated in a custom-made convection calibration facility using a commercial Heat Flux Microsensor (HFM) as the calibration standard. The measured sensitivity of the HTHFS was 20.4 ±2.0ìV/(W/cm2). The measured sensitivity value matched with the theoretically calculated value of 20.5 ìV/(W/cm2). The average sensitivity of the HTHFS prototype was one-fifth of the sensitivity of a commercially available HFM. Better ways of mounting the HTHFS in the calibration stand have been recommended for future tests on the HTHFS for better testing. The HTHFS has the potential to be made into a microsensor with thousands of junctions added together in a thermopile circuit. This could lead to a heat flux sensor that could generate large signals (~few mV) and also be capable of operating in high heat flux and high temperature conditions.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Raphael-Mabel, Sujay Anand"],"institution":"Virginia Tech","degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":"masters","degree_discipline":"Mechanical Engineering","degree_department":"Mechanical Engineering","school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":["Diller, Thomas E.","Huxtable, Scott T."],"committee_members":["Vick, Brian L."],"year":2005,"date_issued":"2005-02-16","date_published":"2005-02-16","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:19:32Z","subjects":["convection calibration","Heat--Transmission","high temperature","heat flux sensor"],"languages":[],"rights":["In Copyright"],"rights_urls":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-04122005-141730"],"render_values":[{"text":"etd-04122005-141730","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31688","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.committeechair","label":"Committee Chair","values":["Diller, Thomas E.","Huxtable, Scott T."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.committeemember","label":"Committee Member","values":["Vick, Brian L."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.department","label":"Department","values":["Mechanical Engineering"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Raphael-Mabel, Sujay Anand"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2014-03-14T20:33:21Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2014-03-14T20:33:21Z","2005-04-20"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2005-02-16"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Virginia Tech"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Mechanical Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["masters"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["convection calibration","Heat--Transmission","high temperature","heat flux sensor"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["In Copyright"]},{"key":"dc:rights.uri","label":"Rights URI","values":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-04122005-141730"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31688"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Heat flux gages are important in applications where measurement of the transfer of energy is more important than measurement of the temperature itself. There is a need for a heat flux sensor that can perform reliably for long periods of time in high temperature and high heat flux environment. The primary objective is to design and build a heat flux sensor that is capable of operating for extended periods of time in a high heat flux and high temperature environment. A High Temperature Heat Flux Sensor (HTHFS) was made by connecting 10 brass and steel thermocouple junctions in a thermopile circuit. This gage does not have a separate thermal resistance layer making it easier to fabricate. The HTHFS was calibrated in a custom-made convection calibration facility using a commercial Heat Flux Microsensor (HFM) as the calibration standard. The measured sensitivity of the HTHFS was 20.4 ±2.0ìV/(W/cm2). The measured sensitivity value matched with the theoretically calculated value of 20.5 ìV/(W/cm2). The average sensitivity of the HTHFS prototype was one-fifth of the sensitivity of a commercially available HFM. Better ways of mounting the HTHFS in the calibration stand have been recommended for future tests on the HTHFS for better testing. The HTHFS has the potential to be made into a microsensor with thousands of junctions added together in a thermopile circuit. This could lead to a heat flux sensor that could generate large signals (~few mV) and also be capable of operating in high heat flux and high temperature conditions."]},{"key":"dc:description.degree","label":"Dc Description Degree","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Design and Calibration of a Novel High Temperature Heat Flux Sensor"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.committeechair":["Diller, Thomas E.","Huxtable, Scott T."],"dc:contributor.committeemember":["Vick, Brian L."],"dc:contributor.department":["Mechanical Engineering"],"dc:creator":["Raphael-Mabel, Sujay Anand"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2014-03-14T20:33:21Z"],"dc:date.available":["2014-03-14T20:33:21Z","2005-04-20"],"dc:date.issued":["2005-02-16"],"dc:description.abstract":["Heat flux gages are important in applications where measurement of the transfer of energy is more important than measurement of the temperature itself. There is a need for a heat flux sensor that can perform reliably for long periods of time in high temperature and high heat flux environment. The primary objective is to design and build a heat flux sensor that is capable of operating for extended periods of time in a high heat flux and high temperature environment. A High Temperature Heat Flux Sensor (HTHFS) was made by connecting 10 brass and steel thermocouple junctions in a thermopile circuit. This gage does not have a separate thermal resistance layer making it easier to fabricate. The HTHFS was calibrated in a custom-made convection calibration facility using a commercial Heat Flux Microsensor (HFM) as the calibration standard. The measured sensitivity of the HTHFS was 20.4 ±2.0ìV/(W/cm2). The measured sensitivity value matched with the theoretically calculated value of 20.5 ìV/(W/cm2). The average sensitivity of the HTHFS prototype was one-fifth of the sensitivity of a commercially available HFM. Better ways of mounting the HTHFS in the calibration stand have been recommended for future tests on the HTHFS for better testing. The HTHFS has the potential to be made into a microsensor with thousands of junctions added together in a thermopile circuit. 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