{"id":{"repo_id":"vt","oai_identifier":"oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/30984"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vt/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/30984","repository":{"repo_id":"vt","name":"Virginia Tech","base_url":"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Polymer Surface Modification With Plasma Reaction For Materials Integration","abstract":"Surface modification of polystyrene thin films was achieved using a plasma process with reactive gases to form functional groups. Advancing contact angles were measured after modification. Polystyrene surfaces were observed to reach a minimum average wetting contact angle of 7 degrees. The time required to achieve this contact angle decreased significantly by increasing the power of the discharge or by lowering the discharge source closer to the polymer substrate. Characterization studies of power, height, and corona exposure time versus contact angle led to the formation of surface energy gradients across the substrate. Photoluminescent tagging agents were used to quantify the degree of carboxyl modification achieved with water plasma and amine modification achieved with ammonia plasma. AMCA (7-amine-4-methyl coumarin hydrazide) was used to show that surface modification reaches a maximum functionalization before degradation of the polymer substrate occurs with water vapor. A parallel study with OPA (O-phthaldialdehyde) yielded similar results when ammonia was ionized over the surface. Additionally, stable surfaces were created by chemical reaction of zinc acetate with the freshly modified polymer. Zinc sulfide particles were formed within the polymer surface by reaction with hydrogen sulfide gas. Flourescence spectroscopy was used to verify the formation of zinc sulfide.","abstract_html":"Surface modification of polystyrene thin films was achieved using a plasma process with reactive gases to form functional groups. Advancing contact angles were measured after modification. Polystyrene surfaces were observed to reach a minimum average wetting contact angle of 7 degrees. The time required to achieve this contact angle decreased significantly by increasing the power of the discharge or by lowering the discharge source closer to the polymer substrate. Characterization studies of power, height, and corona exposure time versus contact angle led to the formation of surface energy gradients across the substrate. Photoluminescent tagging agents were used to quantify the degree of carboxyl modification achieved with water plasma and amine modification achieved with ammonia plasma. AMCA (7-amine-4-methyl coumarin hydrazide) was used to show that surface modification reaches a maximum functionalization before degradation of the polymer substrate occurs with water vapor. A parallel study with OPA (O-phthaldialdehyde) yielded similar results when ammonia was ionized over the surface. Additionally, stable surfaces were created by chemical reaction of zinc acetate with the freshly modified polymer. Zinc sulfide particles were formed within the polymer surface by reaction with hydrogen sulfide gas. Flourescence spectroscopy was used to verify the formation of zinc sulfide.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Thurmond, Brian Victor"],"institution":"Virginia Tech","degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":"masters","degree_discipline":"Chemical Engineering","degree_department":"Chemical Engineering","school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":["Saraf, Ravi F."],"committee_members":["Cox, David F.","Dillard, David A."],"year":2002,"date_issued":"2002-01-04","date_published":"2002-01-04","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:19:12Z","subjects":["plasma","polystyrene","photoluminescence"],"languages":[],"rights":["In Copyright"],"rights_urls":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-01182002-134625"],"render_values":[{"text":"etd-01182002-134625","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30984","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.committeechair","label":"Committee Chair","values":["Saraf, Ravi F."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.committeemember","label":"Committee Member","values":["Cox, David F.","Dillard, David A."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.department","label":"Department","values":["Chemical Engineering"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Thurmond, Brian Victor"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2014-03-14T20:30:55Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2014-03-14T20:30:55Z","2003-01-23"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2002-01-04"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Virginia Tech"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Chemical Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["masters"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["plasma","polystyrene","photoluminescence"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["In Copyright"]},{"key":"dc:rights.uri","label":"Rights URI","values":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-01182002-134625"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30984"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Surface modification of polystyrene thin films was achieved using a plasma process with reactive gases to form functional groups. Advancing contact angles were measured after modification. Polystyrene surfaces were observed to reach a minimum average wetting contact angle of 7 degrees. The time required to achieve this contact angle decreased significantly by increasing the power of the discharge or by lowering the discharge source closer to the polymer substrate. Characterization studies of power, height, and corona exposure time versus contact angle led to the formation of surface energy gradients across the substrate. Photoluminescent tagging agents were used to quantify the degree of carboxyl modification achieved with water plasma and amine modification achieved with ammonia plasma. AMCA (7-amine-4-methyl coumarin hydrazide) was used to show that surface modification reaches a maximum functionalization before degradation of the polymer substrate occurs with water vapor. A parallel study with OPA (O-phthaldialdehyde) yielded similar results when ammonia was ionized over the surface. Additionally, stable surfaces were created by chemical reaction of zinc acetate with the freshly modified polymer. Zinc sulfide particles were formed within the polymer surface by reaction with hydrogen sulfide gas. Flourescence spectroscopy was used to verify the formation of zinc sulfide."]},{"key":"dc:description.degree","label":"Dc Description Degree","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Polymer Surface Modification With Plasma Reaction For Materials Integration"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.committeechair":["Saraf, Ravi F."],"dc:contributor.committeemember":["Cox, David F.","Dillard, David A."],"dc:contributor.department":["Chemical Engineering"],"dc:creator":["Thurmond, Brian Victor"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2014-03-14T20:30:55Z"],"dc:date.available":["2014-03-14T20:30:55Z","2003-01-23"],"dc:date.issued":["2002-01-04"],"dc:description.abstract":["Surface modification of polystyrene thin films was achieved using a plasma process with reactive gases to form functional groups. Advancing contact angles were measured after modification. Polystyrene surfaces were observed to reach a minimum average wetting contact angle of 7 degrees. The time required to achieve this contact angle decreased significantly by increasing the power of the discharge or by lowering the discharge source closer to the polymer substrate. Characterization studies of power, height, and corona exposure time versus contact angle led to the formation of surface energy gradients across the substrate. Photoluminescent tagging agents were used to quantify the degree of carboxyl modification achieved with water plasma and amine modification achieved with ammonia plasma. AMCA (7-amine-4-methyl coumarin hydrazide) was used to show that surface modification reaches a maximum functionalization before degradation of the polymer substrate occurs with water vapor. A parallel study with OPA (O-phthaldialdehyde) yielded similar results when ammonia was ionized over the surface. Additionally, stable surfaces were created by chemical reaction of zinc acetate with the freshly modified polymer. Zinc sulfide particles were formed within the polymer surface by reaction with hydrogen sulfide gas. Flourescence spectroscopy was used to verify the formation of zinc sulfide."],"dc:description.degree":["Master of Science"],"dc:identifier.other":["etd-01182002-134625"],"dc:identifier.uri":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30984"],"dc:publisher":["Virginia Tech"],"dc:rights":["In Copyright"],"dc:rights.uri":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dc:subject":["plasma","polystyrene","photoluminescence"],"dc:title":["Polymer Surface Modification With Plasma Reaction For Materials Integration"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Chemical Engineering"],"thesis:degree_level":["masters"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science"],"thesis:institution_name":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:19:12Z"}