{"id":{"repo_id":"vt","oai_identifier":"oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/30809"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vt/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/30809","repository":{"repo_id":"vt","name":"Virginia Tech","base_url":"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Effects of a dietary milk or carbohydrate supplement with resistance training on body composition, muscle strength and anabolic hormones in untrained men","abstract":"Twenty untrained men (18-25 y) were assigned to consume either a milk supplement (MILK) or a carbohydrate-electrolyte supplement (CHO) immediately following each resistance workout during a 10 wk resistance training program. Subjects trained 3 d/wk beginning with an intensity of 55% 1-RM and progressing to 97% 1-RM by wk 10. Muscle strength (1-RM), body composition (DEXA) and resting, fasted serum concentrations of total and free testosterone and IGF-1 were measured pre- and post-training. CHO tended to reduce, while MILK increased body weight (P = 0.10). All subjects significantly reduced percent body fat (1.1%) and significantly increased lean body mass (1.21 kg) as a result of the resistance training with no significant differences between treatments. However, MILK tended to increase lean body mass (P = 0.1) more than CHO (1.6 and 0.8 kg, respectively). About 39% of lean mass gain for all subjects was in the leg region, while the arms accounted for about 28% of lean gain. Resistance training also caused a similar significant 44% increase in muscle strength for the seven exercises combined for both groups. Resting total and free testosterone concentrations significantly decreased from baseline values in both groups of subjects (16.7% and 11%, respectively), while resting insulin concentrations significantly increased in all subjects (P<0.01). There were no significant changes in resting, fasted IGF-1 concentrations. In summary, dietary supplementation with a MILK or CHO beverage immediately following resistance exercise resulted in similar changes in muscle strength and hormone concentrations following a 10 wk periodized resistance training program. MILK tended to increase body weight and lean body mass more so than CHO.","abstract_html":"Twenty untrained men (18-25 y) were assigned to consume either a milk supplement (MILK) or a carbohydrate-electrolyte supplement (CHO) immediately following each resistance workout during a 10 wk resistance training program. Subjects trained 3 d/wk beginning with an intensity of 55% 1-RM and progressing to 97% 1-RM by wk 10. Muscle strength (1-RM), body composition (DEXA) and resting, fasted serum concentrations of total and free testosterone and IGF-1 were measured pre- and post-training. CHO tended to reduce, while MILK increased body weight (P = 0.10). All subjects significantly reduced percent body fat (1.1%) and significantly increased lean body mass (1.21 kg) as a result of the resistance training with no significant differences between treatments. However, MILK tended to increase lean body mass (P = 0.1) more than CHO (1.6 and 0.8 kg, respectively). About 39% of lean mass gain for all subjects was in the leg region, while the arms accounted for about 28% of lean gain. Resistance training also caused a similar significant 44% increase in muscle strength for the seven exercises combined for both groups. Resting total and free testosterone concentrations significantly decreased from baseline values in both groups of subjects (16.7% and 11%, respectively), while resting insulin concentrations significantly increased in all subjects (P&lt;0.01). There were no significant changes in resting, fasted IGF-1 concentrations. In summary, dietary supplementation with a MILK or CHO beverage immediately following resistance exercise resulted in similar changes in muscle strength and hormone concentrations following a 10 wk periodized resistance training program. MILK tended to increase body weight and lean body mass more so than CHO.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Goldman, Lauren Paige"],"institution":"Virginia Tech","degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":"masters","degree_discipline":"Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise","degree_department":"Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise","school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":["Rankin, Janet L. Walberg"],"committee_members":["Gwazdauskas, Francis C.","Nickols-Richardson, Sharon M."],"year":2001,"date_issued":"2001-12-10","date_published":"2001-12-10","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:20:40Z","subjects":["IGF-1","insulin","testosterone","periodized resistance training","carbohydrate"],"languages":[],"rights":["In Copyright"],"rights_urls":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-01052002-144152"],"render_values":[{"text":"etd-01052002-144152","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30809","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.committeechair","label":"Committee Chair","values":["Rankin, Janet L. 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Subjects trained 3 d/wk beginning with an intensity of 55% 1-RM and progressing to 97% 1-RM by wk 10. Muscle strength (1-RM), body composition (DEXA) and resting, fasted serum concentrations of total and free testosterone and IGF-1 were measured pre- and post-training. CHO tended to reduce, while MILK increased body weight (P = 0.10). All subjects significantly reduced percent body fat (1.1%) and significantly increased lean body mass (1.21 kg) as a result of the resistance training with no significant differences between treatments. However, MILK tended to increase lean body mass (P = 0.1) more than CHO (1.6 and 0.8 kg, respectively). About 39% of lean mass gain for all subjects was in the leg region, while the arms accounted for about 28% of lean gain. Resistance training also caused a similar significant 44% increase in muscle strength for the seven exercises combined for both groups. Resting total and free testosterone concentrations significantly decreased from baseline values in both groups of subjects (16.7% and 11%, respectively), while resting insulin concentrations significantly increased in all subjects (P<0.01). There were no significant changes in resting, fasted IGF-1 concentrations. In summary, dietary supplementation with a MILK or CHO beverage immediately following resistance exercise resulted in similar changes in muscle strength and hormone concentrations following a 10 wk periodized resistance training program. MILK tended to increase body weight and lean body mass more so than CHO."]},{"key":"dc:description.degree","label":"Dc Description Degree","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Effects of a dietary milk or carbohydrate supplement with resistance training on body composition, muscle strength and anabolic hormones in untrained men"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.committeechair":["Rankin, Janet L. Walberg"],"dc:contributor.committeemember":["Gwazdauskas, Francis C.","Nickols-Richardson, Sharon M."],"dc:contributor.department":["Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise"],"dc:creator":["Goldman, Lauren Paige"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2014-03-14T20:30:08Z"],"dc:date.available":["2014-03-14T20:30:08Z","2003-01-08"],"dc:date.issued":["2001-12-10"],"dc:description.abstract":["Twenty untrained men (18-25 y) were assigned to consume either a milk supplement (MILK) or a carbohydrate-electrolyte supplement (CHO) immediately following each resistance workout during a 10 wk resistance training program. Subjects trained 3 d/wk beginning with an intensity of 55% 1-RM and progressing to 97% 1-RM by wk 10. Muscle strength (1-RM), body composition (DEXA) and resting, fasted serum concentrations of total and free testosterone and IGF-1 were measured pre- and post-training. CHO tended to reduce, while MILK increased body weight (P = 0.10). All subjects significantly reduced percent body fat (1.1%) and significantly increased lean body mass (1.21 kg) as a result of the resistance training with no significant differences between treatments. However, MILK tended to increase lean body mass (P = 0.1) more than CHO (1.6 and 0.8 kg, respectively). About 39% of lean mass gain for all subjects was in the leg region, while the arms accounted for about 28% of lean gain. Resistance training also caused a similar significant 44% increase in muscle strength for the seven exercises combined for both groups. Resting total and free testosterone concentrations significantly decreased from baseline values in both groups of subjects (16.7% and 11%, respectively), while resting insulin concentrations significantly increased in all subjects (P<0.01). There were no significant changes in resting, fasted IGF-1 concentrations. In summary, dietary supplementation with a MILK or CHO beverage immediately following resistance exercise resulted in similar changes in muscle strength and hormone concentrations following a 10 wk periodized resistance training program. MILK tended to increase body weight and lean body mass more so than CHO."],"dc:description.degree":["Master of Science"],"dc:identifier.other":["etd-01052002-144152"],"dc:identifier.uri":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30809"],"dc:publisher":["Virginia Tech"],"dc:rights":["In Copyright"],"dc:rights.uri":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dc:subject":["IGF-1","insulin","testosterone","periodized resistance training","carbohydrate"],"dc:title":["Effects of a dietary milk or carbohydrate supplement with resistance training on body composition, muscle strength and anabolic hormones in untrained men"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise"],"thesis:degree_level":["masters"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science"],"thesis:institution_name":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:20:40Z"}