{"id":{"repo_id":"vt","oai_identifier":"oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/27880"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vt/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/27880","repository":{"repo_id":"vt","name":"Virginia Tech","base_url":"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Short Term Time Course Skeletal Responses to High Intensity Physical Exercise","abstract":"The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to investigate temporal skeletal responses to short-term high intensity physical activity. Twenty-eight normal active females [age: 20.7 +/- 2.1 yr (mean +/- SD)] were randomized into exercise (EX, n = 15) or control (CN, n = 13) groups. The exercise group trained 6 days/wk for 6 wk, which consisted of maximal isokinetic knee flexion/extension 3 days/wk, combined with 3 days/wk running. The purpose was to expose the tibiae to a period of abruptly increased loading forces. Tibial bending stiffness (EIMRTA), and serum concentrations of biochemical markers of bone formation [osteocalcin (OC)], and bone resorption [n-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTx)] were measured at baseline, 2 wks, 4 wks, and 6 wks. Isokinetic concentric knee extension/flexion peak torque, as well as total body and site-specific bone mineral density (BMD) were measured at baseline and 6 wk. After training, the exercise group significantly increased (p < 0.05) isokinetic concentric peak torque for the dominant (13.6%) and non-dominant (5.7%) quadriceps, as well as dominant (7.7%) and non-dominant (9.5%) hamstrings, compared to the controls. No differences for total body or site-specific BMD were noted. A two-way multivariate repeated measures ANOVA revealed no timeâ ¢group interactions for composite tibial bending stiffness [(EIMRTA); p = 0.57] or the biochemical markers of bone turnover [(OC and NTx); p = 0.15] across the four sampling periods. While there were no main effects for group, a trend for time (p = 0.051) for composite EIMRTA was observed. The exercise group demonstrated a 20% increase in EIMRTA from baseline (74.8 +/- 22.3 Nm2) to 6 wk (89.8 +/- 24 Nm2), compared to controls who demonstrated a 4% increase (Baseline 86.5 +/- 23.8 Nm2; 6 wk 90 +/- 23.7 Nm2). Significant group differences (p = 0.05) were noted for OC, but not NTx. Differences (p < 0.05) for OC were observed at baseline [13.2 +/- 2.4 ng/ml (CN), 15.6 +/- 2.7 ng/ml (EX)], and follow-up ANCOVA revealed no differences for subsequent sampling periods. Main effects for time were found for OC and NTx (p < 0.001). Main effects for time in OC were attributable to changes in the exercise group (p < 0.01) and NTx (p < 0.01), but not the control group.","abstract_html":"The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to investigate temporal skeletal responses to short-term high intensity physical activity. Twenty-eight normal active females [age: 20.7 +/- 2.1 yr (mean +/- SD)] were randomized into exercise (EX, n = 15) or control (CN, n = 13) groups. The exercise group trained 6 days/wk for 6 wk, which consisted of maximal isokinetic knee flexion/extension 3 days/wk, combined with 3 days/wk running. The purpose was to expose the tibiae to a period of abruptly increased loading forces. Tibial bending stiffness (EIMRTA), and serum concentrations of biochemical markers of bone formation [osteocalcin (OC)], and bone resorption [n-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTx)] were measured at baseline, 2 wks, 4 wks, and 6 wks. Isokinetic concentric knee extension/flexion peak torque, as well as total body and site-specific bone mineral density (BMD) were measured at baseline and 6 wk. After training, the exercise group significantly increased (p &lt; 0.05) isokinetic concentric peak torque for the dominant (13.6%) and non-dominant (5.7%) quadriceps, as well as dominant (7.7%) and non-dominant (9.5%) hamstrings, compared to the controls. No differences for total body or site-specific BMD were noted. A two-way multivariate repeated measures ANOVA revealed no timeâ ¢group interactions for composite tibial bending stiffness [(EIMRTA); p = 0.57] or the biochemical markers of bone turnover [(OC and NTx); p = 0.15] across the four sampling periods. While there were no main effects for group, a trend for time (p = 0.051) for composite EIMRTA was observed. The exercise group demonstrated a 20% increase in EIMRTA from baseline (74.8 +/- 22.3 Nm2) to 6 wk (89.8 +/- 24 Nm2), compared to controls who demonstrated a 4% increase (Baseline 86.5 +/- 23.8 Nm2; 6 wk 90 +/- 23.7 Nm2). Significant group differences (p = 0.05) were noted for OC, but not NTx. Differences (p &lt; 0.05) for OC were observed at baseline [13.2 +/- 2.4 ng/ml (CN), 15.6 +/- 2.7 ng/ml (EX)], and follow-up ANCOVA revealed no differences for subsequent sampling periods. Main effects for time were found for OC and NTx (p &lt; 0.001). Main effects for time in OC were attributable to changes in the exercise group (p &lt; 0.01) and NTx (p &lt; 0.01), but not the control group.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Wootten, David F."],"institution":"Virginia Tech","degree_name":"Ph. D.","degree_level":"doctoral","degree_discipline":"Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise","degree_department":"Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise","school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":["Herbert, William G."],"committee_members":["Cross, Lawrence H.","Nickols-Richardson, Sharon M.","Bos, Ronald R.","Ramp, Warren K."],"year":2001,"date_issued":"2001-04-27","date_published":"2001-04-27","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:19:07Z","subjects":["biochemical markers of bone turnover","mechanical response tissue analysis","bone mineral density","Exercise"],"languages":[],"rights":["In Copyright"],"rights_urls":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-05252001-151500"],"render_values":[{"text":"etd-05252001-151500","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27880","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.committeechair","label":"Committee Chair","values":["Herbert, William G."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.committeemember","label":"Committee Member","values":["Cross, Lawrence H.","Nickols-Richardson, Sharon M.","Bos, Ronald R.","Ramp, Warren K."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.department","label":"Department","values":["Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Wootten, David F."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2014-03-14T20:12:33Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2014-03-14T20:12:33Z","2005-02-20"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2001-04-27"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Virginia Tech"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["doctoral"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph. 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Twenty-eight normal active females [age: 20.7 +/- 2.1 yr (mean +/- SD)] were randomized into exercise (EX, n = 15) or control (CN, n = 13) groups. The exercise group trained 6 days/wk for 6 wk, which consisted of maximal isokinetic knee flexion/extension 3 days/wk, combined with 3 days/wk running. The purpose was to expose the tibiae to a period of abruptly increased loading forces. Tibial bending stiffness (EIMRTA), and serum concentrations of biochemical markers of bone formation [osteocalcin (OC)], and bone resorption [n-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTx)] were measured at baseline, 2 wks, 4 wks, and 6 wks. Isokinetic concentric knee extension/flexion peak torque, as well as total body and site-specific bone mineral density (BMD) were measured at baseline and 6 wk. After training, the exercise group significantly increased (p < 0.05) isokinetic concentric peak torque for the dominant (13.6%) and non-dominant (5.7%) quadriceps, as well as dominant (7.7%) and non-dominant (9.5%) hamstrings, compared to the controls. No differences for total body or site-specific BMD were noted. A two-way multivariate repeated measures ANOVA revealed no timeâ ¢group interactions for composite tibial bending stiffness [(EIMRTA); p = 0.57] or the biochemical markers of bone turnover [(OC and NTx); p = 0.15] across the four sampling periods. While there were no main effects for group, a trend for time (p = 0.051) for composite EIMRTA was observed. The exercise group demonstrated a 20% increase in EIMRTA from baseline (74.8 +/- 22.3 Nm2) to 6 wk (89.8 +/- 24 Nm2), compared to controls who demonstrated a 4% increase (Baseline 86.5 +/- 23.8 Nm2; 6 wk 90 +/- 23.7 Nm2). Significant group differences (p = 0.05) were noted for OC, but not NTx. Differences (p < 0.05) for OC were observed at baseline [13.2 +/- 2.4 ng/ml (CN), 15.6 +/- 2.7 ng/ml (EX)], and follow-up ANCOVA revealed no differences for subsequent sampling periods. Main effects for time were found for OC and NTx (p < 0.001). Main effects for time in OC were attributable to changes in the exercise group (p < 0.01) and NTx (p < 0.01), but not the control group."]},{"key":"dc:description.degree","label":"Dc Description Degree","values":["Ph. D."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Short Term Time Course Skeletal Responses to High Intensity Physical Exercise"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.committeechair":["Herbert, William G."],"dc:contributor.committeemember":["Cross, Lawrence H.","Nickols-Richardson, Sharon M.","Bos, Ronald R.","Ramp, Warren K."],"dc:contributor.department":["Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise"],"dc:creator":["Wootten, David F."],"dc:date.accessioned":["2014-03-14T20:12:33Z"],"dc:date.available":["2014-03-14T20:12:33Z","2005-02-20"],"dc:date.issued":["2001-04-27"],"dc:description.abstract":["The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to investigate temporal skeletal responses to short-term high intensity physical activity. Twenty-eight normal active females [age: 20.7 +/- 2.1 yr (mean +/- SD)] were randomized into exercise (EX, n = 15) or control (CN, n = 13) groups. The exercise group trained 6 days/wk for 6 wk, which consisted of maximal isokinetic knee flexion/extension 3 days/wk, combined with 3 days/wk running. The purpose was to expose the tibiae to a period of abruptly increased loading forces. Tibial bending stiffness (EIMRTA), and serum concentrations of biochemical markers of bone formation [osteocalcin (OC)], and bone resorption [n-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTx)] were measured at baseline, 2 wks, 4 wks, and 6 wks. Isokinetic concentric knee extension/flexion peak torque, as well as total body and site-specific bone mineral density (BMD) were measured at baseline and 6 wk. After training, the exercise group significantly increased (p < 0.05) isokinetic concentric peak torque for the dominant (13.6%) and non-dominant (5.7%) quadriceps, as well as dominant (7.7%) and non-dominant (9.5%) hamstrings, compared to the controls. No differences for total body or site-specific BMD were noted. A two-way multivariate repeated measures ANOVA revealed no timeâ ¢group interactions for composite tibial bending stiffness [(EIMRTA); p = 0.57] or the biochemical markers of bone turnover [(OC and NTx); p = 0.15] across the four sampling periods. While there were no main effects for group, a trend for time (p = 0.051) for composite EIMRTA was observed. The exercise group demonstrated a 20% increase in EIMRTA from baseline (74.8 +/- 22.3 Nm2) to 6 wk (89.8 +/- 24 Nm2), compared to controls who demonstrated a 4% increase (Baseline 86.5 +/- 23.8 Nm2; 6 wk 90 +/- 23.7 Nm2). Significant group differences (p = 0.05) were noted for OC, but not NTx. Differences (p < 0.05) for OC were observed at baseline [13.2 +/- 2.4 ng/ml (CN), 15.6 +/- 2.7 ng/ml (EX)], and follow-up ANCOVA revealed no differences for subsequent sampling periods. Main effects for time were found for OC and NTx (p < 0.001). Main effects for time in OC were attributable to changes in the exercise group (p < 0.01) and NTx (p < 0.01), but not the control group."],"dc:description.degree":["Ph. D."],"dc:identifier.other":["etd-05252001-151500"],"dc:identifier.uri":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27880"],"dc:publisher":["Virginia Tech"],"dc:rights":["In Copyright"],"dc:rights.uri":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dc:subject":["biochemical markers of bone turnover","mechanical response tissue analysis","bone mineral density","Exercise"],"dc:title":["Short Term Time Course Skeletal Responses to High Intensity Physical Exercise"],"dc:type":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise"],"thesis:degree_level":["doctoral"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph. D."],"thesis:institution_name":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:19:07Z"}