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Virginia Tech

Operation Mode Transitions in a Heaterless Hollow Cathode

Abstract

dc:description.abstract

Hollow cathodes are used to neutralize ions in electric propulsion systems, and are a lifetime-limiting component due to the presence of high-energy ions generated in the plasma plume. These ions impact the cathode's keeper electrode destroying it over a period of tens of thousands of hours. The increased interest in high-power electric propulsion systems has been motivated by proposed missions with long required lifetimes, longer than cathode erosion rates would allow in these high-power systems. In the so-called plume mode, high-energy ions are produced at an increased rate but it is unclear how this operation mode comes about from physics in the plume and it is unclear how oscillations in the plume produce large populations of high-energy ions. Experimental research of a heaterless hollow cathode is presented with a specific focus on operation mode transitions in hollow cathodes. The first experimental campaign highlights a unique behavior where two mode transitions, instead of the typically reported one, occur at high flow rates across the cathode's operational parameter space. In this unique behavior two spot mode regimes are found with the high-current spot mode still exhibiting oscillation characteristics of plume mode. Wavenumber-frequency spectrograms corroborated this with multiple features suggesting waves present in the plume related to the plume mode instability and ion acoustic turbulence modulation.

Degree

thesis:*
Name thesis:degree_name
Doctor of Philosophy
Level thesis:degree_level
doctoral
Discipline thesis:degree_discipline
Aerospace Engineering
Department dc:contributor.department
Aerospace and Ocean Engineering
Grantor dc:publisher
Virginia Tech
Year dc:date.issued
2025

Author and committee

dc:creator, dc:contributor.*
Author dc:creator
  • Brewer, Trenton R.
Chair dc:contributor.committeechair
  • Adams, Colin
Committee members dc:contributor.committeemember
  • England, Scott Leslie
  • Srinivasan, Bhuvana
  • Lowe, Kevin T.

Subjects

dc:subject × 2

Rights

dc:rights
Statement dc:rights
  • In Copyright
Language dc:language.iso
en

Identifiers

dc:identifier.*
Dc Identifier Other
vt_gsexam:43979
OAI identifier oai:identifier
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/135037

Chain of custody

source
Harvested from
Virginia Tech
Base URL
vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/oai/request
Last updated
2026-07-22
Source record
OAI-PMH GetRecord
citation

Brewer, Trenton R.. Operation Mode Transitions in a Heaterless Hollow Cathode. doctoral thesis, Virginia Tech, 2025. https://hdl.handle.net/10919/135037