{"id":{"repo_id":"vt","oai_identifier":"oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/124843"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vt/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/124843","repository":{"repo_id":"vt","name":"Virginia Tech","base_url":"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"On the application of variational mechanics in modeling the flow around a cylinder in ground effect","abstract":"For high Reynolds number flow over a cylinder near a flat moving surface, a potential flow model can be used to represent flow over the leading edge. However, the potential flow solution requires knowledge of the circulation around the cylinder. This circulation value can be found with an auxiliary condition using energy methods. Two choices for this variational condition exist at present. Gol'dshtik and Khanin (1978) postulated an ad-hoc variational approach that looks only at the velocity on the cylinder boundary. The other approach is guided by the novel work of Gonzalez and Taha (2022), an extension of Gauss' principle that considers the entire velocity field. The first approach was calculated by Petrov and Maklakov (2022), whereas the second approach has not yet been applied to a cylinder in ground effect. These two models are applied to modeling a cylinder in `ground effect', and the predictions of these two models are compared with a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation by considering the pressure distribution and forces on the cylinder as a function of the cylinders proximity to the wall. For gap-to-radius ratios approximately between 1 and 6, it is demonstrated that gauss' principle provides an acceptable auxiliary condition that gives an accurate potential flow representation of the leading-edge flow. The model is also able to calculate the lift-coefficient given an approximation of the trailing-edge pressure distribution based on experiment.","abstract_html":"For high Reynolds number flow over a cylinder near a flat moving surface, a potential flow model can be used to represent flow over the leading edge. However, the potential flow solution requires knowledge of the circulation around the cylinder. This circulation value can be found with an auxiliary condition using energy methods. Two choices for this variational condition exist at present. Gol'dshtik and Khanin (1978) postulated an ad-hoc variational approach that looks only at the velocity on the cylinder boundary. The other approach is guided by the novel work of Gonzalez and Taha (2022), an extension of Gauss' principle that considers the entire velocity field. The first approach was calculated by Petrov and Maklakov (2022), whereas the second approach has not yet been applied to a cylinder in ground effect. These two models are applied to modeling a cylinder in `ground effect', and the predictions of these two models are compared with a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation by considering the pressure distribution and forces on the cylinder as a function of the cylinders proximity to the wall. For gap-to-radius ratios approximately between 1 and 6, it is demonstrated that gauss' principle provides an acceptable auxiliary condition that gives an accurate potential flow representation of the leading-edge flow. The model is also able to calculate the lift-coefficient given an approximation of the trailing-edge pressure distribution based on experiment.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Zelaya Solano, Hever Jonathan"],"institution":"Virginia Tech","degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":"masters","degree_discipline":"Engineering Mechanics","degree_department":"Engineering Science and Mechanics","school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":["Stremler, Mark A."],"committee_members":["Domann, John P.","Socha, John J."],"year":2025,"date_issued":"2025-03-10","date_published":"2025-03-10","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:19:07Z","subjects":["Potential flow theory","variational mechanics","complex analysis","ground effect","reduced-order modeling"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["In Copyright"],"rights_urls":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["vt_gsexam:41534"],"render_values":[{"text":"vt_gsexam:41534","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10919/124843","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.committeechair","label":"Committee Chair","values":["Stremler, Mark A."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.committeemember","label":"Committee Member","values":["Domann, John P.","Socha, John J."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.department","label":"Department","values":["Engineering Science and Mechanics"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Zelaya Solano, Hever Jonathan"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2025-03-11T08:00:30Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2025-03-11T08:00:30Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2025-03-10"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Virginia Tech"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Engineering Mechanics"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["masters"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Potential flow theory","variational mechanics","complex analysis","ground effect","reduced-order modeling"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["In Copyright"]},{"key":"dc:rights.uri","label":"Rights URI","values":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["vt_gsexam:41534"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/10919/124843"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["For high Reynolds number flow over a cylinder near a flat moving surface, a potential flow model can be used to represent flow over the leading edge. However, the potential flow solution requires knowledge of the circulation around the cylinder. This circulation value can be found with an auxiliary condition using energy methods. Two choices for this variational condition exist at present. Gol'dshtik and Khanin (1978) postulated an ad-hoc variational approach that looks only at the velocity on the cylinder boundary. The other approach is guided by the novel work of Gonzalez and Taha (2022), an extension of Gauss' principle that considers the entire velocity field. The first approach was calculated by Petrov and Maklakov (2022), whereas the second approach has not yet been applied to a cylinder in ground effect. These two models are applied to modeling a cylinder in `ground effect', and the predictions of these two models are compared with a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation by considering the pressure distribution and forces on the cylinder as a function of the cylinders proximity to the wall. For gap-to-radius ratios approximately between 1 and 6, it is demonstrated that gauss' principle provides an acceptable auxiliary condition that gives an accurate potential flow representation of the leading-edge flow. The model is also able to calculate the lift-coefficient given an approximation of the trailing-edge pressure distribution based on experiment."]},{"key":"dc:description.abstractgeneral","label":"General Abstract","values":["In this work the validity of a new reduced-order model that calculates the lift of a cylinder at varying levels of proximity to a flat ground is investigated. The reduced-order model is tested against computational fluid dynamic simulation results from the literature. The derivation of the reduced-order model is analyzed and compared to other similar derivations. It is shown that the investigated reduced-order model is accurate in calculating the lift when the cylinder is approximately one to six radius length away from the wall or farther. This makes this model an improved reduced-order model for estimating the lift of a cylinder in ground effect."]},{"key":"dc:description.degree","label":"Dc Description Degree","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"dc:format.medium","label":"Dc Format Medium","values":["ETD"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["On the application of variational mechanics in modeling the flow around a cylinder in ground effect"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.committeechair":["Stremler, Mark A."],"dc:contributor.committeemember":["Domann, John P.","Socha, John J."],"dc:contributor.department":["Engineering Science and Mechanics"],"dc:creator":["Zelaya Solano, Hever Jonathan"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2025-03-11T08:00:30Z"],"dc:date.available":["2025-03-11T08:00:30Z"],"dc:date.issued":["2025-03-10"],"dc:description.abstract":["For high Reynolds number flow over a cylinder near a flat moving surface, a potential flow model can be used to represent flow over the leading edge. However, the potential flow solution requires knowledge of the circulation around the cylinder. This circulation value can be found with an auxiliary condition using energy methods. Two choices for this variational condition exist at present. Gol'dshtik and Khanin (1978) postulated an ad-hoc variational approach that looks only at the velocity on the cylinder boundary. The other approach is guided by the novel work of Gonzalez and Taha (2022), an extension of Gauss' principle that considers the entire velocity field. The first approach was calculated by Petrov and Maklakov (2022), whereas the second approach has not yet been applied to a cylinder in ground effect. These two models are applied to modeling a cylinder in `ground effect', and the predictions of these two models are compared with a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation by considering the pressure distribution and forces on the cylinder as a function of the cylinders proximity to the wall. For gap-to-radius ratios approximately between 1 and 6, it is demonstrated that gauss' principle provides an acceptable auxiliary condition that gives an accurate potential flow representation of the leading-edge flow. The model is also able to calculate the lift-coefficient given an approximation of the trailing-edge pressure distribution based on experiment."],"dc:description.abstractgeneral":["In this work the validity of a new reduced-order model that calculates the lift of a cylinder at varying levels of proximity to a flat ground is investigated. The reduced-order model is tested against computational fluid dynamic simulation results from the literature. The derivation of the reduced-order model is analyzed and compared to other similar derivations. It is shown that the investigated reduced-order model is accurate in calculating the lift when the cylinder is approximately one to six radius length away from the wall or farther. This makes this model an improved reduced-order model for estimating the lift of a cylinder in ground effect."],"dc:description.degree":["Master of Science"],"dc:format.medium":["ETD"],"dc:identifier.other":["vt_gsexam:41534"],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://hdl.handle.net/10919/124843"],"dc:language.iso":["en"],"dc:publisher":["Virginia Tech"],"dc:rights":["In Copyright"],"dc:rights.uri":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dc:subject":["Potential flow theory","variational mechanics","complex analysis","ground effect","reduced-order modeling"],"dc:title":["On the application of variational mechanics in modeling the flow around a cylinder in ground effect"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Engineering Mechanics"],"thesis:degree_level":["masters"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science"],"thesis:institution_name":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:19:07Z"}