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Virginia Tech

When Less Can Be More: Evaluating the Impact of Animated and Interactive Demonstrations in Voice-Assisted Counting Games for Young Children

Abstract

dc:description.abstract

Early experiences with counting form a critical foundation for children's numeracy development. Despite the increasing use of voice assistants in young children's math learning, the effectiveness of different levels of demonstration—animated and interactive—accompanied by these assistants remains unclear. This study examines how different demonstrations in touchscreen devices, combined with voice assistants, supported children's developing counting skills. We developed a tablet counting game for children aged 2-4 years, incorporating voice assistant counting. In a user study with 32 children, we compared two conditions (animated and interactive demonstrations), with each condition also being evaluated against a baseline. We found that animated demonstrations improved math performance compared to the baseline, while interactive demonstrations did not. These findings suggest that counting with voice assistants has the potential to support early counting experiences and highlight the importance of designing educational technology with appropriate levels of demonstration to engage young learners without increasing cognitive overload.

Degree

thesis:*
Name thesis:degree_name
Master of Science
Level thesis:degree_level
masters
Discipline thesis:degree_discipline
Computer Science & Applications
Department dc:contributor.department
Computer Science and#38; Applications
Grantor dc:publisher
Virginia Tech
Year dc:date.issued
2025

Author and committee

dc:creator, dc:contributor.*
Author dc:creator
  • Karunaratna, Sulakna Binoka Kumarihamy
Chairs dc:contributor.committeechair
  • Lee, Sang Won
  • Choi, Koeun
Committee member dc:contributor.committeemember
  • Chen, Yan

Subjects

dc:subject × 3

Rights

dc:rights
Statement dc:rights
  • In Copyright
Language dc:language.iso
en

Identifiers

dc:identifier.*
Dc Identifier Other
vt_gsexam:42350
OAI identifier oai:identifier
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/124256

Chain of custody

source
Harvested from
Virginia Tech
Base URL
vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/oai/request
Last updated
2026-07-22
Source record
OAI-PMH GetRecord
citation

Karunaratna, Sulakna Binoka Kumarihamy. When Less Can Be More: Evaluating the Impact of Animated and Interactive Demonstrations in Voice-Assisted Counting Games for Young Children. masters thesis, Virginia Tech, 2025. https://hdl.handle.net/10919/124256