{"id":{"repo_id":"vt","oai_identifier":"oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/118337"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vt/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/118337","repository":{"repo_id":"vt","name":"Virginia Tech","base_url":"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Scrotal circumference and testicular consistency of yearling beef bulls","abstract":"This study was conducted to: (a) determine scrotal circumference (SC) and testicular consistency (tone) of performance tested, yearling beef bulls of various breeds; (b) correlate these values with performance data; (c) attempt, by means of a buyer survey, to evaluate the fertility and overall desirability of the beef bulls sold through the Virginia BCIA Bull Test Stations; (d) study the relationship between several semen characteristics, scrotal circumference, and testicular consistency measurements of yearling beef bulls. Final SC was correlated .60 (P < .01) with initial SC and -.31 (P < .01) with final weak spring tone. Final weak spring tone was correlated .87 (P < .01) with final strong spring tone. Final SC was positively correlated with final weight .44 to .64 (P < .01) and age .40 to .52 (P < .01). Final weak spring tone was negatively correlated with final weight -.35 (P < .01) and age -.30 to -.34 (P < .01). When the least-squares means were calculated for final SC, the final SC of the Angus breed was significantly different from the final SC of the Simmental and Polled Hereford breeds (both P < .01). For the bulls placed on a collection regimen, SC was positively correlated with ejaculate volume, .53 (P < .01) to .57 (P < .05), and with sperm output .55 to .71 (P < .01). No significant correlations were found between the tone measurements and the semen traits.","abstract_html":"This study was conducted to: (a) determine scrotal circumference (SC) and testicular consistency (tone) of performance tested, yearling beef bulls of various breeds; (b) correlate these values with performance data; (c) attempt, by means of a buyer survey, to evaluate the fertility and overall desirability of the beef bulls sold through the Virginia BCIA Bull Test Stations; (d) study the relationship between several semen characteristics, scrotal circumference, and testicular consistency measurements of yearling beef bulls. Final SC was correlated .60 (P &lt; .01) with initial SC and -.31 (P &lt; .01) with final weak spring tone. Final weak spring tone was correlated .87 (P &lt; .01) with final strong spring tone. Final SC was positively correlated with final weight .44 to .64 (P &lt; .01) and age .40 to .52 (P &lt; .01). Final weak spring tone was negatively correlated with final weight -.35 (P &lt; .01) and age -.30 to -.34 (P &lt; .01). When the least-squares means were calculated for final SC, the final SC of the Angus breed was significantly different from the final SC of the Simmental and Polled Hereford breeds (both P &lt; .01). For the bulls placed on a collection regimen, SC was positively correlated with ejaculate volume, .53 (P &lt; .01) to .57 (P &lt; .05), and with sperm output .55 to .71 (P &lt; .01). No significant correlations were found between the tone measurements and the semen traits.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Underwood, Charles Raymond"],"institution":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"masters","degree_discipline":"Animal Science","degree_department":"Animal Science","school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":1978,"date_issued":"1978","date_published":"1978","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:18:46Z","subjects":[],"languages":["en"],"rights":["In Copyright"],"rights_urls":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10919/118337","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.department","label":"Department","values":["Animal Science"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Underwood, Charles Raymond"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2024-03-12T20:23:19Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2024-03-12T20:23:19Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["1978"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"dc:type.dcmitype","label":"Dc Type Dcmitype","values":["Text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Animal Science"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["masters"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["In Copyright"]},{"key":"dc:rights.uri","label":"Rights URI","values":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/10919/118337"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["This study was conducted to: (a) determine scrotal circumference (SC) and testicular consistency (tone) of performance tested, yearling beef bulls of various breeds; (b) correlate these values with performance data; (c) attempt, by means of a buyer survey, to evaluate the fertility and overall desirability of the beef bulls sold through the Virginia BCIA Bull Test Stations; (d) study the relationship between several semen characteristics, scrotal circumference, and testicular consistency measurements of yearling beef bulls. Final SC was correlated .60 (P < .01) with initial SC and -.31 (P < .01) with final weak spring tone. Final weak spring tone was correlated .87 (P < .01) with final strong spring tone. Final SC was positively correlated with final weight .44 to .64 (P < .01) and age .40 to .52 (P < .01). Final weak spring tone was negatively correlated with final weight -.35 (P < .01) and age -.30 to -.34 (P < .01). When the least-squares means were calculated for final SC, the final SC of the Angus breed was significantly different from the final SC of the Simmental and Polled Hereford breeds (both P < .01). For the bulls placed on a collection regimen, SC was positively correlated with ejaculate volume, .53 (P < .01) to .57 (P < .05), and with sperm output .55 to .71 (P < .01). No significant correlations were found between the tone measurements and the semen traits."]},{"key":"dc:description.degree","label":"Dc Description Degree","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"dc:format.mimetype","label":"Dc Format Mimetype","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Scrotal circumference and testicular consistency of yearling beef bulls"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.department":["Animal Science"],"dc:creator":["Underwood, Charles Raymond"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2024-03-12T20:23:19Z"],"dc:date.available":["2024-03-12T20:23:19Z"],"dc:date.issued":["1978"],"dc:description.abstract":["This study was conducted to: (a) determine scrotal circumference (SC) and testicular consistency (tone) of performance tested, yearling beef bulls of various breeds; (b) correlate these values with performance data; (c) attempt, by means of a buyer survey, to evaluate the fertility and overall desirability of the beef bulls sold through the Virginia BCIA Bull Test Stations; (d) study the relationship between several semen characteristics, scrotal circumference, and testicular consistency measurements of yearling beef bulls. Final SC was correlated .60 (P < .01) with initial SC and -.31 (P < .01) with final weak spring tone. Final weak spring tone was correlated .87 (P < .01) with final strong spring tone. Final SC was positively correlated with final weight .44 to .64 (P < .01) and age .40 to .52 (P < .01). Final weak spring tone was negatively correlated with final weight -.35 (P < .01) and age -.30 to -.34 (P < .01). When the least-squares means were calculated for final SC, the final SC of the Angus breed was significantly different from the final SC of the Simmental and Polled Hereford breeds (both P < .01). For the bulls placed on a collection regimen, SC was positively correlated with ejaculate volume, .53 (P < .01) to .57 (P < .05), and with sperm output .55 to .71 (P < .01). No significant correlations were found between the tone measurements and the semen traits."],"dc:description.degree":["M.S."],"dc:format.mimetype":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://hdl.handle.net/10919/118337"],"dc:language.iso":["en"],"dc:publisher":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"dc:rights":["In Copyright"],"dc:rights.uri":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dc:title":["Scrotal circumference and testicular consistency of yearling beef bulls"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"dc:type.dcmitype":["Text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Animal Science"],"thesis:degree_level":["masters"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:18:46Z"}