Evaluation of herbicides for no-till corn establishment

Field experiments were conducted in 1984 and 1985 in Fluvanna and Montgomery Counties in Virginia, to evaluate HOE-O661 (glufosinate) [ammonium-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl )-methyl phosphinate], cyanazine (2-[[4-chloro-6-(ethylamino )-s-triazin-2-yl]amino]-2-methyl propionitrile)), glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] and paraquat (1,1'-dimethyl 4,4'-bipyridinium ion) for the control of vegetation existing at the time of no-till corn establishment. These herbicides were applied alone or in combination with 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid] or dicamba (3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid) at three timings of application. Both locations were heavily infested with annual, biennial, and perennial broadleaf weeds, including horseweed (Conyza canadensis), buckhorn plantain (Plantago lanceolata), field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis), curly dock (Rumex crispus) and wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis). All four non-selective herbicides provided good overall weed control. The addition of 2,4-D or dicamba generally improved the control of broadleaf weeds in all four experiments. Control of horseweed with paraquat was variable, but improved significantly when dicamba was applied in combination with paraquat. Glyphosate, cyanazine and HOE-O661 alone or in combination with 2,4-D or dicamba provided excellent horseweed control. Wild mustard control with glyphosate was dependent on the weed size and growth stage of development. Control with paraquat, cyanazine and HOE-0661 was not affected by differences in wild mustard size or growth stage. Glyphosate and HOE-0661 provided acceptable field bindweed control alone, and all herbicides gave excellent field bindweed control when applied in combination with 2,4-D or dicamba. Cyanazine and HOE-0661 showed better control of shoot growth on the more difficult-to-control weeds than paraquat and glyphosate when applied alone. With the addition of either 2,4-D or dicamba, cyanazine and HOE-0661 provided better overall weed control, in most cases, than corresponding paraquat and glyphosate combinations. Timing of application and weed size did not significantly affect herbicide activity, even at later application timings when weeds were well established and exceeded 60 cm in height.

Name thesis:degree_name

M.S.

Level thesis:degree_level

masters

Discipline thesis:degree_discipline

Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science

Department dc:contributor.department

Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science

Grantor dc:publisher

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

Year dc:date.issued

1986

Author dc:creator

• Davis, Paul Hill

Statement dc:rights

• In Copyright

Licence dc:rights.uri

• http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/

Language dc:language.iso

en

Handle dc:identifier.uri

http://hdl.handle.net/10919/104317

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/104317