Per maistą plintančių užkrečiamųjų ligų protrūkių Lietuvoje apžvalga 2010-2014 metais /

Review of Foodborne Disease Outbreaks in Lithuania, 2010-2014. Background. Infectious diarrhea is a major public health concern, each year leading to high morbidity and mortality rates, especially among children under the age of 5 years. Food-borne diseases and their outbreaks are managed through adequate sanitation and hygiene, rapid outbreak detection and control measures adaptation. The aim of the study: to give an overview of the epidemiological situation of food-borne disease outbreaks under mandatory surveillance in Lithuania in 2010-2014. Tasks: 1. Describe the etiological structure of food-borne disease outbreaks and its changes. 2. Evaluate epidemiological patterns of food-borne disease outbreaks: the trend, seasonality, assessment by place and person. 3. Describe the most often risk factors associated with food-borne disease outbreaks. Methods. Descriptive analysis has been done. National surveillance data for reported outbreaks during period 2010-2014 was provided by Centre for Communicable Diseases and AIDS. The European Union summary reports on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food-borne outbreaks (by ECDC and EFSA) were also used. Demographic data of the years 2010-2014 has been taken from Health Information Centre of Institute of Hygiene. The comparison of categorical data was made using &#967;² test and Fisher’s exact test. Seasonality has been evaluated using Edward’s test, Rachet circular scan test and Hewitt’s rank-sum test. To evaluate the frequency of outbreaks, reporting rate per 100,000 population has been used; the comparison of these rates was made using reporting rate ratio, the precision was evaluated at the confidence intervals (CI) of 95%. Mantel trend test and linear regression method was used to evaluate the trend of food-borne disease outbreaks (FBDO). The difference was concluded to be significant statistically when p<0,05 (the level of significance equal to &#945;=0,05). Results. The trend analysis of FBDO within the period 2010-2014 has shown that the overall number of FBDO was increasing, but the difference is not significant statistically (p>0,05); 77,2% of all human cases (4851) were admitted to hospital, 0 cases were fatal. Rotavirus was identified as the most commonly detected causative agent in the reported FBDO (34,2% of all outbreaks), followed by Salmonella spp. (12,1% of all outbreaks), the causative agent was unknown in 44,2% of the reported outbreaks; people were admitted to hospital more often because of viral gastroenteritis (p>0,001). The seasonal variation was more common for FBDO caused by viruses. The significant difference was observed while comparing the prevalence of FBDO between the respondents living in the city and the country side: the prevalence was larger in the city (in 2013 PRR=1,59, 95% CI: 1,3-2,0, p<0,001; in 2014 PRR=2,28, 95% CI: 1,8-3,0, p<0,001). Each year nearly 80-90% of FBDO were classified as family outbreaks (2 or more cases of similar illness identified in one family). Kaunas and Klaipėda counties had the highest reporting rates. Increasing FBDO trend has been significant in Vilnius county (b=2,780, p=0,02), the annual rate of increase - 24,6%. The most common risk factors of FBDO were food vehicle (23,8% of all outbreaks; more typical for FBDO caused by bacteria) and household (66,2% of all outbreaks; more typical for FBDO caused by viruses). Conclusions. Rotavirus causes more than one-third FBDO in Lithuania, many of these outbreaks are being detected in kindergartens. It would be helpful to increase people’s working with children knowledge about the importance of diarrheal disease prevention and to take into consideration inclusion of rotavirus vaccine for infants in the National immunization program.

Grantor dc:publisher

Institutional Repository of Vilnius University

Year dc:date

2016

Author dc:creator

• Giliun, Mažena,

Contributors dc:contributor

• Ašoklienė, Loreta

Statement dc:rights

• info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

Language dc:language

lit

Repository record dc:identifier

https://repository.vu.lt/VU:ELABAETD20255695&prefLang=en_US

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:vu.lt:elaba:20255695