{"id":{"repo_id":"vcu","oai_identifier":"oai:scholarscompass.vcu.edu:etd-2029"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vcu/oai:scholarscompass.vcu.edu:etd-2029","repository":{"repo_id":"vcu","name":"Virginia Commonwealth University","base_url":"https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/do/oai/"},"display":{"title":"Density of Gutta Percha by Weight in Straight Root Canals and Curved Root Canals after Single Cone, Cold Lateral, and Warm Vertical Condensation","abstract":"The purpose of this study was to compare the density of gutta percha following three different obturation techniques using two split-tooth models. One split-tooth model was constructed with a straight rooted maxillary incisor and the other with the curved palatal root of a maxillary molar. Each tooth was obturated using single cone, cold lateral, and warm vertical obturation techniques without sealer. Each obturation technique was performed 20 times for each of the root systems. The weights of the gutta percha were recorded for each root type and obturation technique by subtracting the post-fill weight from the pre-fill weight of the two split-tooth models. Results show that in the straight canal, the three obturation techniques are significantly different (p < 0.0001). The warm vertical technique had the largest weight of gutta percha, followed by the single cone, and lastly by the cold lateral condensation group. In the curved canal, the three fill types were also significantly different (p < 0.0001). The warm vertical and single cone obturation techniques were not significantly different from one another but were significantly greater in gutta percha weight than the cold lateral technique. In conclusion, within curved canals, warm vertical and single cone techniques were more dense than cold lateral condensation. In the straight canal, the warm vertical was more dense than the single cone which was more dense than the cold lateral technique.","abstract_html":"The purpose of this study was to compare the density of gutta percha following three different obturation techniques using two split-tooth models. One split-tooth model was constructed with a straight rooted maxillary incisor and the other with the curved palatal root of a maxillary molar. Each tooth was obturated using single cone, cold lateral, and warm vertical obturation techniques without sealer. Each obturation technique was performed 20 times for each of the root systems. The weights of the gutta percha were recorded for each root type and obturation technique by subtracting the post-fill weight from the pre-fill weight of the two split-tooth models. Results show that in the straight canal, the three obturation techniques are significantly different (p &lt; 0.0001). The warm vertical technique had the largest weight of gutta percha, followed by the single cone, and lastly by the cold lateral condensation group. In the curved canal, the three fill types were also significantly different (p &lt; 0.0001). The warm vertical and single cone obturation techniques were not significantly different from one another but were significantly greater in gutta percha weight than the cold lateral technique. In conclusion, within curved canals, warm vertical and single cone techniques were more dense than cold lateral condensation. In the straight canal, the warm vertical was more dense than the single cone which was more dense than the cold lateral technique.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Sparrow, Gerald Clay"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Endodontics","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Dr. Karan J. Replogle"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2008,"date_issued":"2008-01-01T08:00:00Z","date_published":"2008-01-01T08:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:54:47Z","subjects":["single cone","warm vertical","cold lateral","obturation","Dentistry","Endodontics and Endodontology","Medicine and Health Sciences"],"languages":[],"rights":["© The Author"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1030"],"render_values":[{"text":"https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1030","href":"https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1030","code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://doi.org/10.25772/VZVG-8613","outbound_label":"DOI","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Dr. Karan J. Replogle"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Sparrow, Gerald Clay"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2014-07-09T07:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Endodontics"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["single cone","warm vertical","cold lateral","obturation","Dentistry","Endodontics and Endodontology","Medicine and Health Sciences"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["© The Author"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://doi.org/10.25772/VZVG-8613","https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1030"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The purpose of this study was to compare the density of gutta percha following three different obturation techniques using two split-tooth models. One split-tooth model was constructed with a straight rooted maxillary incisor and the other with the curved palatal root of a maxillary molar. Each tooth was obturated using single cone, cold lateral, and warm vertical obturation techniques without sealer. Each obturation technique was performed 20 times for each of the root systems. The weights of the gutta percha were recorded for each root type and obturation technique by subtracting the post-fill weight from the pre-fill weight of the two split-tooth models. Results show that in the straight canal, the three obturation techniques are significantly different (p < 0.0001). The warm vertical technique had the largest weight of gutta percha, followed by the single cone, and lastly by the cold lateral condensation group. In the curved canal, the three fill types were also significantly different (p < 0.0001). The warm vertical and single cone obturation techniques were not significantly different from one another but were significantly greater in gutta percha weight than the cold lateral technique. In conclusion, within curved canals, warm vertical and single cone techniques were more dense than cold lateral condensation. In the straight canal, the warm vertical was more dense than the single cone which was more dense than the cold lateral technique."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Density of Gutta Percha by Weight in Straight Root Canals and Curved Root Canals after Single Cone, Cold Lateral, and Warm Vertical Condensation"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Dr. Karan J. Replogle"],"dc:creator":["Sparrow, Gerald Clay"],"dc:date.available":["2014-07-09T07:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["The purpose of this study was to compare the density of gutta percha following three different obturation techniques using two split-tooth models. One split-tooth model was constructed with a straight rooted maxillary incisor and the other with the curved palatal root of a maxillary molar. Each tooth was obturated using single cone, cold lateral, and warm vertical obturation techniques without sealer. Each obturation technique was performed 20 times for each of the root systems. The weights of the gutta percha were recorded for each root type and obturation technique by subtracting the post-fill weight from the pre-fill weight of the two split-tooth models. Results show that in the straight canal, the three obturation techniques are significantly different (p < 0.0001). The warm vertical technique had the largest weight of gutta percha, followed by the single cone, and lastly by the cold lateral condensation group. In the curved canal, the three fill types were also significantly different (p < 0.0001). The warm vertical and single cone obturation techniques were not significantly different from one another but were significantly greater in gutta percha weight than the cold lateral technique. In conclusion, within curved canals, warm vertical and single cone techniques were more dense than cold lateral condensation. In the straight canal, the warm vertical was more dense than the single cone which was more dense than the cold lateral technique."],"dc:identifier":["https://doi.org/10.25772/VZVG-8613","https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1030"],"dc:rights":["© The Author"],"dc:subject":["single cone","warm vertical","cold lateral","obturation","Dentistry","Endodontics and Endodontology","Medicine and Health Sciences"],"dc:title":["Density of Gutta Percha by Weight in Straight Root Canals and Curved Root Canals after Single Cone, Cold Lateral, and Warm Vertical Condensation"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Endodontics"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:54:47Z"}