{"id":{"repo_id":"vcu","oai_identifier":"oai:scholarscompass.vcu.edu:etd-1806"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vcu/oai:scholarscompass.vcu.edu:etd-1806","repository":{"repo_id":"vcu","name":"Virginia Commonwealth University","base_url":"https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/do/oai/"},"display":{"title":"Over the Line: John Edward Lawler and FBI","abstract":"The FBI is the most recognized law enforcement entity in the world. During its nearly 100-year history, the Bureau has been involved in many controversies, most as a result of straying from its stated mission to investigate violations of federal law. This survey is based on personal papers of the former head of the Richmond Bureau, John Edward Lawler. Fortunately for historians, these files, many of which exist nowhere else in the agency's archives, open a window into the operational methods and investigative techniques of FBI agents. An examination of John Lawler's career provides insight into the conduct of field agents and Agents in Charge of field bureaus during the 1940s.","abstract_html":"The FBI is the most recognized law enforcement entity in the world. During its nearly 100-year history, the Bureau has been involved in many controversies, most as a result of straying from its stated mission to investigate violations of federal law. This survey is based on personal papers of the former head of the Richmond Bureau, John Edward Lawler. Fortunately for historians, these files, many of which exist nowhere else in the agency's archives, open a window into the operational methods and investigative techniques of FBI agents. An examination of John Lawler's career provides insight into the conduct of field agents and Agents in Charge of field bureaus during the 1940s.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Hershey, Gregory C."],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Arts","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"History","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Dr. Timothy Thurber"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2008,"date_issued":"2008-01-01T08:00:00Z","date_published":"2008-01-01T08:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:54:30Z","subjects":["communism","Richmond","FBI","field bureau","John Lawler","Arts and Humanities","History"],"languages":[],"rights":["© The Author"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/807"],"render_values":[{"text":"https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/807","href":"https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/807","code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://doi.org/10.25772/RCKT-D539","outbound_label":"DOI","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Dr. Timothy Thurber"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Hershey, Gregory C."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2014-07-09T07:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["History"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Arts"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["communism","Richmond","FBI","field bureau","John Lawler","Arts and Humanities","History"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["© The Author"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://doi.org/10.25772/RCKT-D539","https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/807"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The FBI is the most recognized law enforcement entity in the world. During its nearly 100-year history, the Bureau has been involved in many controversies, most as a result of straying from its stated mission to investigate violations of federal law. This survey is based on personal papers of the former head of the Richmond Bureau, John Edward Lawler. Fortunately for historians, these files, many of which exist nowhere else in the agency's archives, open a window into the operational methods and investigative techniques of FBI agents. An examination of John Lawler's career provides insight into the conduct of field agents and Agents in Charge of field bureaus during the 1940s."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Over the Line: John Edward Lawler and FBI"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Dr. Timothy Thurber"],"dc:creator":["Hershey, Gregory C."],"dc:date.available":["2014-07-09T07:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["The FBI is the most recognized law enforcement entity in the world. During its nearly 100-year history, the Bureau has been involved in many controversies, most as a result of straying from its stated mission to investigate violations of federal law. This survey is based on personal papers of the former head of the Richmond Bureau, John Edward Lawler. Fortunately for historians, these files, many of which exist nowhere else in the agency's archives, open a window into the operational methods and investigative techniques of FBI agents. 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