Depression and medical condition comorbidity can improve or hinder depression care. Comorbid MD-T2DM is particularly relevant for Black Americans due to increased T2DM risk and less mental health services access. Data from the NSAL was used to examine how co-morbid T2DM/HT and MD affect depression care. Only 19.2% of Black Americans with MD and 23.0% with comorbid MD-T2DM reported adequate treatment. Insurance status explained more variance in depression care than age, sex, and ethnicity. Respondents with MD+T2DM were no more or less likely to receive depression care than those with MD alone. However, respondents with MD+HT were more likely to report adequate treatment (OR=2.09 95% CI[1.20, 3.64]) and anti-depressant use for ≥60 days (OR=2.14 95% CI[1.15, 4.02]). Ethnicity, education and insurance status moderated the effects of HT. Yet guideline-concordant depression care is low among depressed Black Americans, including those with comorbid T2DM.
","abstract_html":"<p>Depression and medical condition comorbidity can improve or hinder depression care. Comorbid MD-T2DM is particularly relevant for Black Americans due to increased T2DM risk and less mental health services access. Data from the NSAL was used to examine how co-morbid T2DM/HT and MD affect depression care. Only 19.2% of Black Americans with MD and 23.0% with comorbid MD-T2DM reported adequate treatment. Insurance status explained more variance in depression care than age, sex, and ethnicity. Respondents with MD+T2DM were no more or less likely to receive depression care than those with MD alone. However, respondents with MD+HT were more likely to report adequate treatment (OR=2.09 95% CI[1.20, 3.64]) and anti-depressant use for ≥60 days (OR=2.14 95% CI[1.15, 4.02]). Ethnicity, education and insurance status moderated the effects of HT. Yet guideline-concordant depression care is low among depressed Black Americans, including those with comorbid T2DM.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Agyemang, Amma"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Clinical Psychology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Bruce Rybarczyk","Briana Mezuk"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2012,"date_issued":"2012-01-01T08:00:00Z","date_published":"2012-01-01T08:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:53:56Z","subjects":["Depression","type 2 diabetes","hypertension","African Americans","Clinical Psychology","Psychology","Social and Behavioral Sciences"],"languages":[],"rights":["© The Author"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/449"],"render_values":[{"text":"https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/449","href":"https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/449","code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://doi.org/10.25772/Z75E-5F60","outbound_label":"DOI","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Bruce Rybarczyk","Briana Mezuk"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Agyemang, Amma"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2212-12-16T08:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Clinical Psychology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Depression","type 2 diabetes","hypertension","African Americans","Clinical Psychology","Psychology","Social and Behavioral Sciences"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["© The Author"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://doi.org/10.25772/Z75E-5F60","https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/449"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Depression and medical condition comorbidity can improve or hinder depression care. Comorbid MD-T2DM is particularly relevant for Black Americans due to increased T2DM risk and less mental health services access. Data from the NSAL was used to examine how co-morbid T2DM/HT and MD affect depression care. Only 19.2% of Black Americans with MD and 23.0% with comorbid MD-T2DM reported adequate treatment. Insurance status explained more variance in depression care than age, sex, and ethnicity. Respondents with MD+T2DM were no more or less likely to receive depression care than those with MD alone. However, respondents with MD+HT were more likely to report adequate treatment (OR=2.09 95% CI[1.20, 3.64]) and anti-depressant use for ≥60 days (OR=2.14 95% CI[1.15, 4.02]). Ethnicity, education and insurance status moderated the effects of HT. Yet guideline-concordant depression care is low among depressed Black Americans, including those with comorbid T2DM.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Quality of Depression Treatment in Type 2 Diabetes: Exploring the Effects of Race and Ethnicity"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Bruce Rybarczyk","Briana Mezuk"],"dc:creator":["Agyemang, Amma"],"dc:date.available":["2212-12-16T08:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["Depression and medical condition comorbidity can improve or hinder depression care. Comorbid MD-T2DM is particularly relevant for Black Americans due to increased T2DM risk and less mental health services access. Data from the NSAL was used to examine how co-morbid T2DM/HT and MD affect depression care. Only 19.2% of Black Americans with MD and 23.0% with comorbid MD-T2DM reported adequate treatment. Insurance status explained more variance in depression care than age, sex, and ethnicity. Respondents with MD+T2DM were no more or less likely to receive depression care than those with MD alone. However, respondents with MD+HT were more likely to report adequate treatment (OR=2.09 95% CI[1.20, 3.64]) and anti-depressant use for ≥60 days (OR=2.14 95% CI[1.15, 4.02]). Ethnicity, education and insurance status moderated the effects of HT. Yet guideline-concordant depression care is low among depressed Black Americans, including those with comorbid T2DM.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://doi.org/10.25772/Z75E-5F60","https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/449"],"dc:rights":["© The Author"],"dc:subject":["Depression","type 2 diabetes","hypertension","African Americans","Clinical Psychology","Psychology","Social and Behavioral Sciences"],"dc:title":["Quality of Depression Treatment in Type 2 Diabetes: Exploring the Effects of Race and Ethnicity"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Clinical Psychology"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:53:56Z"}