{"id":{"repo_id":"uwo","oai_identifier":"oai:uwo.scholaris.ca:20.500.14721/36294"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uwo/oai:uwo.scholaris.ca:20.500.14721/36294","repository":{"repo_id":"uwo","name":"Western University","base_url":"https://uwo.scholaris.ca/server/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Characterization of a Putative Activation Domain in the Hulk Gene Family","abstract":"The HULK gene family participates in regulation of both flowering time and development in the plant Arabidopsis thaliana. The proteins encoded by these genes share conserved domain structures including a proline-rich region (PRR) in the carboxyl-terminus. Based on sequence analysis and the presence of a proline-rich domain, it has been suggested that the HULKs are putative transcription factors in which HUA2 is known to regulate several late-flowering genes: FLC, FLM and MAF2. To investigate the putative transcriptional activation domain in the carboxyl-terminus of the HULKs, full-length HULKs and deletion constructs were 3-AT titrated in yeast-one hybrids. It was found that the transcriptional activity varied between both the full-length and carboxyl-terminus of the HULKs as well as between the HULKs themselves. However, it was established that HULK2 carried the strongest transcriptional activation domain, which was active in both the full-length protein and when expressed as just in the carboxyl-terminus. A domain swap was then performed with HULK2’sPRR and HULK3’s significantly weaker PRR to see if the transcriptional activity observed in HULK2 was localised to the PRR. While it was established that the PRR found at the carboxyl-terminus did contribute to the transcriptional activity, it was determined that the domain is not solely responsible for the transcriptional activity. The data suggests that there are multiple transcriptional activation domains working in tandem in the HULKs.","abstract_html":"The HULK gene family participates in regulation of both flowering time and development in the plant Arabidopsis thaliana. The proteins encoded by these genes share conserved domain structures including a proline-rich region (PRR) in the carboxyl-terminus. Based on sequence analysis and the presence of a proline-rich domain, it has been suggested that the HULKs are putative transcription factors in which HUA2 is known to regulate several late-flowering genes: FLC, FLM and MAF2. To investigate the putative transcriptional activation domain in the carboxyl-terminus of the HULKs, full-length HULKs and deletion constructs were 3-AT titrated in yeast-one hybrids. It was found that the transcriptional activity varied between both the full-length and carboxyl-terminus of the HULKs as well as between the HULKs themselves. However, it was established that HULK2 carried the strongest transcriptional activation domain, which was active in both the full-length protein and when expressed as just in the carboxyl-terminus. A domain swap was then performed with HULK2’sPRR and HULK3’s significantly weaker PRR to see if the transcriptional activity observed in HULK2 was localised to the PRR. While it was established that the PRR found at the carboxyl-terminus did contribute to the transcriptional activity, it was determined that the domain is not solely responsible for the transcriptional activity. The data suggests that there are multiple transcriptional activation domains working in tandem in the HULKs.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Doan, Christopher"],"institution":"The University of Western Ontario","degree_name":"M Sc","degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":"Biology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":["Vojislava Grbic"],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2013,"date_issued":"2013-07-31","date_published":"2013-07-31","updated_at":"2026-07-27T21:56:18Z","subjects":["Arabidopsis","HULK","HULK2","HULK3","PRR","transcriptional activation domain","yeast-one hyrbid"],"languages":["en_ca"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14721/36294","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Vojislava Grbic"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Doan, Christopher"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2025-07-10T21:20:49Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2025-07-10T21:20:49Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2013-07-31"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["The University of Western Ontario"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Biology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M Sc"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Arabidopsis","HULK","HULK2","HULK3","PRR","transcriptional activation domain","yeast-one hyrbid"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en_ca"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14721/36294"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["The thesis cover page in the PDF document includes references to Western University’s previous institutional repository platform, known as Scholarship@Western, and links to that platform (beginning with ir.lib.uwo.ca). In citing or referring to this thesis, use the DOI or handle from this page instead. Sample citation: Author name, \"Thesis title.\" (Year). Western University Open Repository. https://doi.org/10.71858/123456."]},{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The HULK gene family participates in regulation of both flowering time and development in the plant Arabidopsis thaliana. The proteins encoded by these genes share conserved domain structures including a proline-rich region (PRR) in the carboxyl-terminus. Based on sequence analysis and the presence of a proline-rich domain, it has been suggested that the HULKs are putative transcription factors in which HUA2 is known to regulate several late-flowering genes: FLC, FLM and MAF2. To investigate the putative transcriptional activation domain in the carboxyl-terminus of the HULKs, full-length HULKs and deletion constructs were 3-AT titrated in yeast-one hybrids. It was found that the transcriptional activity varied between both the full-length and carboxyl-terminus of the HULKs as well as between the HULKs themselves. However, it was established that HULK2 carried the strongest transcriptional activation domain, which was active in both the full-length protein and when expressed as just in the carboxyl-terminus. A domain swap was then performed with HULK2’sPRR and HULK3’s significantly weaker PRR to see if the transcriptional activity observed in HULK2 was localised to the PRR. While it was established that the PRR found at the carboxyl-terminus did contribute to the transcriptional activity, it was determined that the domain is not solely responsible for the transcriptional activity. The data suggests that there are multiple transcriptional activation domains working in tandem in the HULKs."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Characterization of a Putative Activation Domain in the Hulk Gene Family"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.advisor":["Vojislava Grbic"],"dc:creator":["Doan, Christopher"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2025-07-10T21:20:49Z"],"dc:date.available":["2025-07-10T21:20:49Z"],"dc:date.issued":["2013-07-31"],"dc:description":["The thesis cover page in the PDF document includes references to Western University’s previous institutional repository platform, known as Scholarship@Western, and links to that platform (beginning with ir.lib.uwo.ca). In citing or referring to this thesis, use the DOI or handle from this page instead. Sample citation: Author name, \"Thesis title.\" (Year). Western University Open Repository. https://doi.org/10.71858/123456."],"dc:description.abstract":["The HULK gene family participates in regulation of both flowering time and development in the plant Arabidopsis thaliana. The proteins encoded by these genes share conserved domain structures including a proline-rich region (PRR) in the carboxyl-terminus. Based on sequence analysis and the presence of a proline-rich domain, it has been suggested that the HULKs are putative transcription factors in which HUA2 is known to regulate several late-flowering genes: FLC, FLM and MAF2. To investigate the putative transcriptional activation domain in the carboxyl-terminus of the HULKs, full-length HULKs and deletion constructs were 3-AT titrated in yeast-one hybrids. It was found that the transcriptional activity varied between both the full-length and carboxyl-terminus of the HULKs as well as between the HULKs themselves. However, it was established that HULK2 carried the strongest transcriptional activation domain, which was active in both the full-length protein and when expressed as just in the carboxyl-terminus. A domain swap was then performed with HULK2’sPRR and HULK3’s significantly weaker PRR to see if the transcriptional activity observed in HULK2 was localised to the PRR. While it was established that the PRR found at the carboxyl-terminus did contribute to the transcriptional activity, it was determined that the domain is not solely responsible for the transcriptional activity. The data suggests that there are multiple transcriptional activation domains working in tandem in the HULKs."],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14721/36294"],"dc:language.iso":["en_ca"],"dc:publisher":["The University of Western Ontario"],"dc:subject":["Arabidopsis","HULK","HULK2","HULK3","PRR","transcriptional activation domain","yeast-one hyrbid"],"dc:title":["Characterization of a Putative Activation Domain in the Hulk Gene Family"],"dc:type":["thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Biology"],"thesis:degree_name":["M Sc"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-27T21:56:18Z"}