{"id":{"repo_id":"uwo","oai_identifier":"oai:uwo.scholaris.ca:20.500.14721/28649"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uwo/oai:uwo.scholaris.ca:20.500.14721/28649","repository":{"repo_id":"uwo","name":"Western University","base_url":"https://uwo.scholaris.ca/server/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Evaluating the Conservation of RNA Packaging Enhancer Elements Across Lentiviruses","abstract":"It was previously thought that the RNA structural elements within the 5’UTR were the sole determinants of RNA packaging in HIV-1. However, in 2013 Chamanian et al. discovered that the region overlapping the Ribosomal Frameshift Signal (RFS) acted to enhance RNA packaging 50 fold and was thus named the genomic RNA packaging enhancer element (GRPE). To determine if the GRPE was conserved across lentiviruses, using the same approach as Chamanian et al., deletions in similar regions of the SIVmac239 and FIV 34TF10 genomes were done to measure their impact on RNA packaging. No region across the gag-pol ORF of SIVmac239 had any impact on RNA packaging, and the deletion of the RFS in FIV 34TF10 had no impact either, although the RRE was disposable in the SIVmac239 system but necessary in FIV34TF10. This study shows that the GRPE is likely specific to HIV-1.","abstract_html":"It was previously thought that the RNA structural elements within the 5’UTR were the sole determinants of RNA packaging in HIV-1. However, in 2013 Chamanian et al. discovered that the region overlapping the Ribosomal Frameshift Signal (RFS) acted to enhance RNA packaging 50 fold and was thus named the genomic RNA packaging enhancer element (GRPE). To determine if the GRPE was conserved across lentiviruses, using the same approach as Chamanian et al., deletions in similar regions of the SIVmac239 and FIV 34TF10 genomes were done to measure their impact on RNA packaging. No region across the gag-pol ORF of SIVmac239 had any impact on RNA packaging, and the deletion of the RFS in FIV 34TF10 had no impact either, although the RRE was disposable in the SIVmac239 system but necessary in FIV34TF10. This study shows that the GRPE is likely specific to HIV-1.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Moghadasi, Seyed Arad"],"institution":"The University of Western Ontario","degree_name":"M Sc","degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":"Microbiology and Immunology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":["Arts, Eric J."],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2018,"date_issued":"2018-11-22","date_published":"2018-11-22","updated_at":"2026-07-27T21:56:20Z","subjects":["HIV","SIV","FIV","RNA Structure","RNA Packaging"],"languages":["en_ca"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14721/28649","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Arts, Eric J."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Moghadasi, Seyed Arad"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2025-07-10T16:13:35Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2025-07-10T16:13:35Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2018-11-22"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["The University of Western Ontario"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Microbiology and Immunology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M Sc"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["HIV","SIV","FIV","RNA Structure","RNA Packaging"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en_ca"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14721/28649"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["The thesis cover page in the PDF document includes references to Western University’s previous institutional repository platform, known as Scholarship@Western, and links to that platform (beginning with ir.lib.uwo.ca). In citing or referring to this thesis, use the DOI or handle from this page instead. Sample citation: Author name, \"Thesis title.\" (Year). Western University Open Repository. https://doi.org/10.71858/123456."]},{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["It was previously thought that the RNA structural elements within the 5’UTR were the sole determinants of RNA packaging in HIV-1. However, in 2013 Chamanian et al. discovered that the region overlapping the Ribosomal Frameshift Signal (RFS) acted to enhance RNA packaging 50 fold and was thus named the genomic RNA packaging enhancer element (GRPE). To determine if the GRPE was conserved across lentiviruses, using the same approach as Chamanian et al., deletions in similar regions of the SIVmac239 and FIV 34TF10 genomes were done to measure their impact on RNA packaging. No region across the gag-pol ORF of SIVmac239 had any impact on RNA packaging, and the deletion of the RFS in FIV 34TF10 had no impact either, although the RRE was disposable in the SIVmac239 system but necessary in FIV34TF10. This study shows that the GRPE is likely specific to HIV-1."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Evaluating the Conservation of RNA Packaging Enhancer Elements Across Lentiviruses"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.advisor":["Arts, Eric J."],"dc:creator":["Moghadasi, Seyed Arad"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2025-07-10T16:13:35Z"],"dc:date.available":["2025-07-10T16:13:35Z"],"dc:date.issued":["2018-11-22"],"dc:description":["The thesis cover page in the PDF document includes references to Western University’s previous institutional repository platform, known as Scholarship@Western, and links to that platform (beginning with ir.lib.uwo.ca). In citing or referring to this thesis, use the DOI or handle from this page instead. Sample citation: Author name, \"Thesis title.\" (Year). Western University Open Repository. https://doi.org/10.71858/123456."],"dc:description.abstract":["It was previously thought that the RNA structural elements within the 5’UTR were the sole determinants of RNA packaging in HIV-1. However, in 2013 Chamanian et al. discovered that the region overlapping the Ribosomal Frameshift Signal (RFS) acted to enhance RNA packaging 50 fold and was thus named the genomic RNA packaging enhancer element (GRPE). To determine if the GRPE was conserved across lentiviruses, using the same approach as Chamanian et al., deletions in similar regions of the SIVmac239 and FIV 34TF10 genomes were done to measure their impact on RNA packaging. No region across the gag-pol ORF of SIVmac239 had any impact on RNA packaging, and the deletion of the RFS in FIV 34TF10 had no impact either, although the RRE was disposable in the SIVmac239 system but necessary in FIV34TF10. This study shows that the GRPE is likely specific to HIV-1."],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14721/28649"],"dc:language.iso":["en_ca"],"dc:publisher":["The University of Western Ontario"],"dc:subject":["HIV","SIV","FIV","RNA Structure","RNA Packaging"],"dc:title":["Evaluating the Conservation of RNA Packaging Enhancer Elements Across Lentiviruses"],"dc:type":["thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Microbiology and Immunology"],"thesis:degree_name":["M Sc"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-27T21:56:20Z"}