{"id":{"repo_id":"utswmed","oai_identifier":"oai:utswmed-ir.tdl.org:2152.5/4449"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/utswmed/oai:utswmed-ir.tdl.org:2152.5/4449","repository":{"repo_id":"utswmed","name":"University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","base_url":"https://utswmed-ir.tdl.org/server/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Development of New Photocrosslinking Approaches to Discover Binding Partners of O-GlcNAc-Modified Proteins","abstract":"O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is an abundant post-translational modification that is regulated by two enzymes, O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAc hydrolase (OGA). While it is elusive how O-GlcNAc alters protein function, altered O-GlcNAc levels are associated with human diseases. To gain insight into the functional consequences of O-GlcNAc-ylation, we reported a method to incorporate the diazirine photocrosslinking group onto O-GlcNAc residues in cellular proteins. Photocrosslinking O-GlcNAc, O-GlcNDAz, yields covalent crosslinking between O-GlcNAc-ylated proteins and their binding partners, which further analysis can confirm these interactions. I applied the GlcNDAz technology to a heavily O-GlcNAc-modified nucleoporin NUP98 and NUP98 leukemogenic fusions, produced under chromosomal translocation, to gain insight into the mechanism of NUP98 fusion-mediated cell transformation in leukemia. The wild-type nucleoporins are associated with nuclear trafficking. In chapter 2, I demonstrated both NUP98 and NUP98 fusions are O-GlcNAc-modified. Additionally, evidence suggested O-GlcNAc is near the site of interaction based on crosslinking experiments. While a powerful approach, the utility of in-cell O-GlcNDAz crosslinking was restricted by several limitations. To solve this challenge, I first engineered a mutant OGA that is better able to remove GlcNDAz from proteins in order to facilitate homeostasis of O-GlcNDAz modification in cells and for potential use as an enzyme to release crosslinked material (chapter 3). Next, I constructed a mutant OGT to preferentially add GlcNDAz to proteins, in order to maximize possible crosslinking material (chapter 4). Finally, I initiated the development of a chemo-enzymatic synthesis of O-GlcNDAz-ylated peptides using three enzymes: A bifunctional enzyme consisting of Bifidobacterium longum N-acetylhexosamine 1-kinase (NahK) and E. coli N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GlmU) to generate UDP-GlcNDAz, then added GlcNDAz to peptides by human OGT (chapter 5). Together, these strategies allow for the development of a complementary cell free O-GlcNDAz crosslinking approach. O-GlcNDAz-modified peptides generated from this reaction can be crosslinked to molecules from cell lysates. This technology can be used to identify binding partners of O-GlcNAc-modified proteins, including both normal NUP98 and leukemogenic NUP98 fusions and may reveal functional roles of O-GlcNAc on NUPs and NUP fusions.","abstract_html":"O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is an abundant post-translational modification that is regulated by two enzymes, O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAc hydrolase (OGA). While it is elusive how O-GlcNAc alters protein function, altered O-GlcNAc levels are associated with human diseases. To gain insight into the functional consequences of O-GlcNAc-ylation, we reported a method to incorporate the diazirine photocrosslinking group onto O-GlcNAc residues in cellular proteins. Photocrosslinking O-GlcNAc, O-GlcNDAz, yields covalent crosslinking between O-GlcNAc-ylated proteins and their binding partners, which further analysis can confirm these interactions. I applied the GlcNDAz technology to a heavily O-GlcNAc-modified nucleoporin NUP98 and NUP98 leukemogenic fusions, produced under chromosomal translocation, to gain insight into the mechanism of NUP98 fusion-mediated cell transformation in leukemia. The wild-type nucleoporins are associated with nuclear trafficking. In chapter 2, I demonstrated both NUP98 and NUP98 fusions are O-GlcNAc-modified. Additionally, evidence suggested O-GlcNAc is near the site of interaction based on crosslinking experiments. While a powerful approach, the utility of in-cell O-GlcNDAz crosslinking was restricted by several limitations. To solve this challenge, I first engineered a mutant OGA that is better able to remove GlcNDAz from proteins in order to facilitate homeostasis of O-GlcNDAz modification in cells and for potential use as an enzyme to release crosslinked material (chapter 3). Next, I constructed a mutant OGT to preferentially add GlcNDAz to proteins, in order to maximize possible crosslinking material (chapter 4). Finally, I initiated the development of a chemo-enzymatic synthesis of O-GlcNDAz-ylated peptides using three enzymes: A bifunctional enzyme consisting of Bifidobacterium longum N-acetylhexosamine 1-kinase (NahK) and E. coli N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GlmU) to generate UDP-GlcNDAz, then added GlcNDAz to peptides by human OGT (chapter 5). Together, these strategies allow for the development of a complementary cell free O-GlcNDAz crosslinking approach. O-GlcNDAz-modified peptides generated from this reaction can be crosslinked to molecules from cell lysates. This technology can be used to identify binding partners of O-GlcNAc-modified proteins, including both normal NUP98 and leukemogenic NUP98 fusions and may reveal functional roles of O-GlcNAc on NUPs and NUP fusions.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Rodriguez, Andrea Christine"],"institution":null,"degree_name":null,"degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Conrad, Nicholas","Kohler, Jennifer J.","Fontoura, Beatriz","Tu, Benjamin"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2018,"date_issued":"2018-01-04T21:10:00Z","date_published":"2018-01-04T21:10:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:52:20Z","subjects":["Acetylglucosamine","Mutation, Missense","N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases","Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins"],"languages":["en"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["1017760101"],"render_values":[{"text":"1017760101","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2152.5/4449","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Conrad, Nicholas","Kohler, Jennifer J.","Fontoura, Beatriz","Tu, Benjamin"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Rodriguez, Andrea Christine"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2018-01-04T21:10:00Z","2015-12","2015-11-20","December 2015","2018-01-04T21:03:53Z"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis","text"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Acetylglucosamine","Mutation, Missense","N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases","Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/2152.5/4449","1017760101"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is an abundant post-translational modification that is regulated by two enzymes, O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAc hydrolase (OGA). While it is elusive how O-GlcNAc alters protein function, altered O-GlcNAc levels are associated with human diseases. To gain insight into the functional consequences of O-GlcNAc-ylation, we reported a method to incorporate the diazirine photocrosslinking group onto O-GlcNAc residues in cellular proteins. Photocrosslinking O-GlcNAc, O-GlcNDAz, yields covalent crosslinking between O-GlcNAc-ylated proteins and their binding partners, which further analysis can confirm these interactions. I applied the GlcNDAz technology to a heavily O-GlcNAc-modified nucleoporin NUP98 and NUP98 leukemogenic fusions, produced under chromosomal translocation, to gain insight into the mechanism of NUP98 fusion-mediated cell transformation in leukemia. The wild-type nucleoporins are associated with nuclear trafficking. In chapter 2, I demonstrated both NUP98 and NUP98 fusions are O-GlcNAc-modified. Additionally, evidence suggested O-GlcNAc is near the site of interaction based on crosslinking experiments. While a powerful approach, the utility of in-cell O-GlcNDAz crosslinking was restricted by several limitations. To solve this challenge, I first engineered a mutant OGA that is better able to remove GlcNDAz from proteins in order to facilitate homeostasis of O-GlcNDAz modification in cells and for potential use as an enzyme to release crosslinked material (chapter 3). Next, I constructed a mutant OGT to preferentially add GlcNDAz to proteins, in order to maximize possible crosslinking material (chapter 4). Finally, I initiated the development of a chemo-enzymatic synthesis of O-GlcNDAz-ylated peptides using three enzymes: A bifunctional enzyme consisting of Bifidobacterium longum N-acetylhexosamine 1-kinase (NahK) and E. coli N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GlmU) to generate UDP-GlcNDAz, then added GlcNDAz to peptides by human OGT (chapter 5). Together, these strategies allow for the development of a complementary cell free O-GlcNDAz crosslinking approach. O-GlcNDAz-modified peptides generated from this reaction can be crosslinked to molecules from cell lysates. This technology can be used to identify binding partners of O-GlcNAc-modified proteins, including both normal NUP98 and leukemogenic NUP98 fusions and may reveal functional roles of O-GlcNAc on NUPs and NUP fusions."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Development of New Photocrosslinking Approaches to Discover Binding Partners of O-GlcNAc-Modified Proteins"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Conrad, Nicholas","Kohler, Jennifer J.","Fontoura, Beatriz","Tu, Benjamin"],"dc:creator":["Rodriguez, Andrea Christine"],"dc:date":["2018-01-04T21:10:00Z","2015-12","2015-11-20","December 2015","2018-01-04T21:03:53Z"],"dc:description":["O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is an abundant post-translational modification that is regulated by two enzymes, O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAc hydrolase (OGA). While it is elusive how O-GlcNAc alters protein function, altered O-GlcNAc levels are associated with human diseases. To gain insight into the functional consequences of O-GlcNAc-ylation, we reported a method to incorporate the diazirine photocrosslinking group onto O-GlcNAc residues in cellular proteins. Photocrosslinking O-GlcNAc, O-GlcNDAz, yields covalent crosslinking between O-GlcNAc-ylated proteins and their binding partners, which further analysis can confirm these interactions. I applied the GlcNDAz technology to a heavily O-GlcNAc-modified nucleoporin NUP98 and NUP98 leukemogenic fusions, produced under chromosomal translocation, to gain insight into the mechanism of NUP98 fusion-mediated cell transformation in leukemia. The wild-type nucleoporins are associated with nuclear trafficking. In chapter 2, I demonstrated both NUP98 and NUP98 fusions are O-GlcNAc-modified. Additionally, evidence suggested O-GlcNAc is near the site of interaction based on crosslinking experiments. While a powerful approach, the utility of in-cell O-GlcNDAz crosslinking was restricted by several limitations. To solve this challenge, I first engineered a mutant OGA that is better able to remove GlcNDAz from proteins in order to facilitate homeostasis of O-GlcNDAz modification in cells and for potential use as an enzyme to release crosslinked material (chapter 3). Next, I constructed a mutant OGT to preferentially add GlcNDAz to proteins, in order to maximize possible crosslinking material (chapter 4). Finally, I initiated the development of a chemo-enzymatic synthesis of O-GlcNDAz-ylated peptides using three enzymes: A bifunctional enzyme consisting of Bifidobacterium longum N-acetylhexosamine 1-kinase (NahK) and E. coli N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GlmU) to generate UDP-GlcNDAz, then added GlcNDAz to peptides by human OGT (chapter 5). Together, these strategies allow for the development of a complementary cell free O-GlcNDAz crosslinking approach. O-GlcNDAz-modified peptides generated from this reaction can be crosslinked to molecules from cell lysates. This technology can be used to identify binding partners of O-GlcNAc-modified proteins, including both normal NUP98 and leukemogenic NUP98 fusions and may reveal functional roles of O-GlcNAc on NUPs and NUP fusions."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["https://hdl.handle.net/2152.5/4449","1017760101"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:subject":["Acetylglucosamine","Mutation, Missense","N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases","Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins"],"dc:title":["Development of New Photocrosslinking Approaches to Discover Binding Partners of O-GlcNAc-Modified Proteins"],"dc:type":["Thesis","text"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:52:20Z"}