{"id":{"repo_id":"utswmed","oai_identifier":"oai:utswmed-ir.tdl.org:2152.5/10810"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/utswmed/oai:utswmed-ir.tdl.org:2152.5/10810","repository":{"repo_id":"utswmed","name":"University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","base_url":"https://utswmed-ir.tdl.org/server/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Gene Regulation of Tartrate Metabolism in Salmonella typhimurium","abstract":"Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Tm) triggers an inflammatory response in the gut that favors the outgrowth of the pathogen over the resident microbiota. Early in S. Tm infection, oxidation of simple sugars by reactive nitrogen and oxygen species gives rise to L- and D-tartrate, which support fumarate reduction in a branched TCA cycle. At later time points, a neutrophil-derived oxidative burst facilitates an oxidative central metabolism in S. Tm and represses tartrate utilization. We sought to understand how Salmonella coordinates its gene expression of carbon and energy sources as it experiences transient nutrient niches to facilitate a branched TCA cycle during early events in infection versus at later time points when an oxidative central metabolism is supported. Specifically, we investigated the mechanism of gene regulation regarding L and D-tartrate metabolism, a previously unexplored area of Salmonella metabolism. Bacterial genetics and traditional biochemical methods such as -galactosidase transcriptional reporters and Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assays (EMSA) allowed us to create a specific model for the gene regulation of L-tartrate metabolism. Furthermore, in vivo studies using murine models of colitis suggested that gene regulation for L-tartrate metabolism in Salmonella is required for optimal fitness during infection. The gene regulation for D-tartrate metabolism was additionally investigated. The use of in vitro gene expression measurements and bacterial genetics revealed a complex regulatory mechanism that requires further study. In conclusion, we used tartrate metabolism as an example to explain how Salmonella seeks to benefit from carbon and energy sources as it experiences transient nutrient niches during intestinal inflammation.","abstract_html":"Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Tm) triggers an inflammatory response in the gut that favors the outgrowth of the pathogen over the resident microbiota. Early in S. Tm infection, oxidation of simple sugars by reactive nitrogen and oxygen species gives rise to L- and D-tartrate, which support fumarate reduction in a branched TCA cycle. At later time points, a neutrophil-derived oxidative burst facilitates an oxidative central metabolism in S. Tm and represses tartrate utilization. We sought to understand how Salmonella coordinates its gene expression of carbon and energy sources as it experiences transient nutrient niches to facilitate a branched TCA cycle during early events in infection versus at later time points when an oxidative central metabolism is supported. Specifically, we investigated the mechanism of gene regulation regarding L and D-tartrate metabolism, a previously unexplored area of Salmonella metabolism. Bacterial genetics and traditional biochemical methods such as -galactosidase transcriptional reporters and Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assays (EMSA) allowed us to create a specific model for the gene regulation of L-tartrate metabolism. Furthermore, in vivo studies using murine models of colitis suggested that gene regulation for L-tartrate metabolism in Salmonella is required for optimal fitness during infection. The gene regulation for D-tartrate metabolism was additionally investigated. The use of in vitro gene expression measurements and bacterial genetics revealed a complex regulatory mechanism that requires further study. In conclusion, we used tartrate metabolism as an example to explain how Salmonella seeks to benefit from carbon and energy sources as it experiences transient nutrient niches during intestinal inflammation.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Rojas, Vivian Kimberly"],"institution":null,"degree_name":null,"degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Hendrixson, David R.","Schoggins, John W.","Greenberg, David","Forsberg, Kevin J.","Winter, Sebastian E."],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2026,"date_issued":"2026-06-15T19:42:47Z","date_published":"2026-06-15T19:42:47Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:52:36Z","subjects":["Bacterial Proteins","Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial","Salmonella Infections","Salmonella typhimurium","Tartrates"],"languages":["en"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["1596185289"],"render_values":[{"text":"1596185289","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2152.5/10810","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Hendrixson, David R.","Schoggins, John W.","Greenberg, David","Forsberg, Kevin J.","Winter, Sebastian E."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Rojas, Vivian Kimberly"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2026-06-15T19:42:47Z","2024-05","May 2024","2026-06-15T19:42:48Z"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis","text"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Bacterial Proteins","Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial","Salmonella Infections","Salmonella typhimurium","Tartrates"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/2152.5/10810","1596185289"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Tm) triggers an inflammatory response in the gut that favors the outgrowth of the pathogen over the resident microbiota. Early in S. Tm infection, oxidation of simple sugars by reactive nitrogen and oxygen species gives rise to L- and D-tartrate, which support fumarate reduction in a branched TCA cycle. At later time points, a neutrophil-derived oxidative burst facilitates an oxidative central metabolism in S. Tm and represses tartrate utilization. We sought to understand how Salmonella coordinates its gene expression of carbon and energy sources as it experiences transient nutrient niches to facilitate a branched TCA cycle during early events in infection versus at later time points when an oxidative central metabolism is supported. Specifically, we investigated the mechanism of gene regulation regarding L and D-tartrate metabolism, a previously unexplored area of Salmonella metabolism. Bacterial genetics and traditional biochemical methods such as -galactosidase transcriptional reporters and Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assays (EMSA) allowed us to create a specific model for the gene regulation of L-tartrate metabolism. Furthermore, in vivo studies using murine models of colitis suggested that gene regulation for L-tartrate metabolism in Salmonella is required for optimal fitness during infection. The gene regulation for D-tartrate metabolism was additionally investigated. The use of in vitro gene expression measurements and bacterial genetics revealed a complex regulatory mechanism that requires further study. In conclusion, we used tartrate metabolism as an example to explain how Salmonella seeks to benefit from carbon and energy sources as it experiences transient nutrient niches during intestinal inflammation."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Gene Regulation of Tartrate Metabolism in Salmonella typhimurium"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Hendrixson, David R.","Schoggins, John W.","Greenberg, David","Forsberg, Kevin J.","Winter, Sebastian E."],"dc:creator":["Rojas, Vivian Kimberly"],"dc:date":["2026-06-15T19:42:47Z","2024-05","May 2024","2026-06-15T19:42:48Z"],"dc:description":["Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Tm) triggers an inflammatory response in the gut that favors the outgrowth of the pathogen over the resident microbiota. Early in S. Tm infection, oxidation of simple sugars by reactive nitrogen and oxygen species gives rise to L- and D-tartrate, which support fumarate reduction in a branched TCA cycle. At later time points, a neutrophil-derived oxidative burst facilitates an oxidative central metabolism in S. Tm and represses tartrate utilization. We sought to understand how Salmonella coordinates its gene expression of carbon and energy sources as it experiences transient nutrient niches to facilitate a branched TCA cycle during early events in infection versus at later time points when an oxidative central metabolism is supported. Specifically, we investigated the mechanism of gene regulation regarding L and D-tartrate metabolism, a previously unexplored area of Salmonella metabolism. Bacterial genetics and traditional biochemical methods such as -galactosidase transcriptional reporters and Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assays (EMSA) allowed us to create a specific model for the gene regulation of L-tartrate metabolism. Furthermore, in vivo studies using murine models of colitis suggested that gene regulation for L-tartrate metabolism in Salmonella is required for optimal fitness during infection. The gene regulation for D-tartrate metabolism was additionally investigated. The use of in vitro gene expression measurements and bacterial genetics revealed a complex regulatory mechanism that requires further study. In conclusion, we used tartrate metabolism as an example to explain how Salmonella seeks to benefit from carbon and energy sources as it experiences transient nutrient niches during intestinal inflammation."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["https://hdl.handle.net/2152.5/10810","1596185289"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:subject":["Bacterial Proteins","Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial","Salmonella Infections","Salmonella typhimurium","Tartrates"],"dc:title":["Gene Regulation of Tartrate Metabolism in Salmonella typhimurium"],"dc:type":["Thesis","text"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:52:36Z"}