{"id":{"repo_id":"utmb","oai_identifier":"oai:utmb-ir.tdl.org:2152.3/12844"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/utmb/oai:utmb-ir.tdl.org:2152.3/12844","repository":{"repo_id":"utmb","name":"University of Texas Medical Branch","base_url":"https://utmb-ir.tdl.org/server/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Exploring Nipah virus strain differences through use of recombinant and chimeric viruses as well as utilization of a novel 3D human lung model","abstract":"Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly pathogenic paramyxovirus that causes lethal encephalitis and respiratory illness in humans. There are two variants of NiV - NiV Malaysia (NiVM) and NiV Bangladesh (NiVB). Despite high sequence homology between the strains, there are several key differences in epidemiological and pathobiological features. The reasons for these differences have not been thoroughly investigated and this dissertation seeks to address this gap. In addition to constructing a reverse genetics system for NiVB (rNiVB) to complement the previously available system for NiVM, a panel of chimeric NiVs expressing the fusion (F), attachment glycoprotein (G), and matrix (M) proteins of the alternate variant alone or in combination was generated. These chimeric viruses were evaluated in in vitro systems representing many of the primary cellular targets of NiV infection. While there appears to be no significant differences between wildtype NiVM and the rNiVM/NiVB-F and -G bearing chimeras, recombinant chimeras bearing the M protein of the other strain displayed differences in plaque phenotype, replication kinetics, fusogenicity, and budding in a cell type-dependent manner. Additionally, a 3D human lung microphysiologic human organ culture model for NiV infection was established and utilized to compare NiV strains as well as describe immune response.","abstract_html":"Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly pathogenic paramyxovirus that causes lethal encephalitis and respiratory illness in humans. There are two variants of NiV - NiV Malaysia (NiVM) and NiV Bangladesh (NiVB). Despite high sequence homology between the strains, there are several key differences in epidemiological and pathobiological features. The reasons for these differences have not been thoroughly investigated and this dissertation seeks to address this gap. In addition to constructing a reverse genetics system for NiVB (rNiVB) to complement the previously available system for NiVM, a panel of chimeric NiVs expressing the fusion (F), attachment glycoprotein (G), and matrix (M) proteins of the alternate variant alone or in combination was generated. These chimeric viruses were evaluated in in vitro systems representing many of the primary cellular targets of NiV infection. While there appears to be no significant differences between wildtype NiVM and the rNiVM/NiVB-F and -G bearing chimeras, recombinant chimeras bearing the M protein of the other strain displayed differences in plaque phenotype, replication kinetics, fusogenicity, and budding in a cell type-dependent manner. Additionally, a 3D human lung microphysiologic human organ culture model for NiV infection was established and utilized to compare NiV strains as well as describe immune response.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Johnson, Kendra Nicole"],"institution":"The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston","degree_name":"Microbiology and Immunology (Doctoral)","degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":"Microbiology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":["Freiberg, Alexander (anfreibe@utmb.edu)"],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":["Vineet Menachery","Ricardo Rajsbaum","Joan Nichols","Benhur Lee"],"year":2023,"date_issued":"2023-05","date_published":"2023-05","updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:50:54Z","subjects":[],"languages":["English"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2152.3/12844","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Freiberg, Alexander (anfreibe@utmb.edu)"]},{"key":"dc:contributor.committeemember","label":"Committee Member","values":["Vineet Menachery","Ricardo Rajsbaum","Joan Nichols","Benhur Lee"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Johnson, Kendra Nicole"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2026-04-27T13:40:52Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2023-05"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Microbiology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Microbiology and Immunology (Doctoral)"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["English"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/2152.3/12844"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly pathogenic paramyxovirus that causes lethal encephalitis and respiratory illness in humans. There are two variants of NiV - NiV Malaysia (NiVM) and NiV Bangladesh (NiVB). Despite high sequence homology between the strains, there are several key differences in epidemiological and pathobiological features. The reasons for these differences have not been thoroughly investigated and this dissertation seeks to address this gap. In addition to constructing a reverse genetics system for NiVB (rNiVB) to complement the previously available system for NiVM, a panel of chimeric NiVs expressing the fusion (F), attachment glycoprotein (G), and matrix (M) proteins of the alternate variant alone or in combination was generated. These chimeric viruses were evaluated in in vitro systems representing many of the primary cellular targets of NiV infection. While there appears to be no significant differences between wildtype NiVM and the rNiVM/NiVB-F and -G bearing chimeras, recombinant chimeras bearing the M protein of the other strain displayed differences in plaque phenotype, replication kinetics, fusogenicity, and budding in a cell type-dependent manner. Additionally, a 3D human lung microphysiologic human organ culture model for NiV infection was established and utilized to compare NiV strains as well as describe immune response."]},{"key":"dc:format.mimetype","label":"Dc Format Mimetype","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Exploring Nipah virus strain differences through use of recombinant and chimeric viruses as well as utilization of a novel 3D human lung model"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.advisor":["Freiberg, Alexander (anfreibe@utmb.edu)"],"dc:contributor.committeemember":["Vineet Menachery","Ricardo Rajsbaum","Joan Nichols","Benhur Lee"],"dc:creator":["Johnson, Kendra Nicole"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2026-04-27T13:40:52Z"],"dc:date.issued":["2023-05"],"dc:description.abstract":["Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly pathogenic paramyxovirus that causes lethal encephalitis and respiratory illness in humans. There are two variants of NiV - NiV Malaysia (NiVM) and NiV Bangladesh (NiVB). Despite high sequence homology between the strains, there are several key differences in epidemiological and pathobiological features. The reasons for these differences have not been thoroughly investigated and this dissertation seeks to address this gap. In addition to constructing a reverse genetics system for NiVB (rNiVB) to complement the previously available system for NiVM, a panel of chimeric NiVs expressing the fusion (F), attachment glycoprotein (G), and matrix (M) proteins of the alternate variant alone or in combination was generated. These chimeric viruses were evaluated in in vitro systems representing many of the primary cellular targets of NiV infection. While there appears to be no significant differences between wildtype NiVM and the rNiVM/NiVB-F and -G bearing chimeras, recombinant chimeras bearing the M protein of the other strain displayed differences in plaque phenotype, replication kinetics, fusogenicity, and budding in a cell type-dependent manner. Additionally, a 3D human lung microphysiologic human organ culture model for NiV infection was established and utilized to compare NiV strains as well as describe immune response."],"dc:format.mimetype":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://hdl.handle.net/2152.3/12844"],"dc:language.iso":["English"],"dc:title":["Exploring Nipah virus strain differences through use of recombinant and chimeric viruses as well as utilization of a novel 3D human lung model"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Microbiology"],"thesis:degree_name":["Microbiology and Immunology (Doctoral)"],"thesis:institution_name":["The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:50:54Z"}