Adoptive parents are at risk for experiencing a high level of parenting stress (McGlone, Santos, Kazama, Fong, & Mueller, 2002) throughout the duration of the adoption experience. Adoptee background factors have been found to contribute to increased levels of parenting stress and distress in adoptive parents (Brooks, Simmel, Wind, & Barth, 2005; McDonald, Lieberman, Partridge, & Homby, 1991; McGlone et al., 2002). Increased parenting stress has been associated with negative outcomes for both parent and child (Ang, 2008; Deater-Deckard, Smith, & Ivy 2005; Morgan, Robinsion, & Aldridge, 2002). Hardiness, family hardiness and parental self-efficacy are protective factors that have all been found to be negatively associated with distress (Beasley, Thompson, & Davidson, 2002; Sevigny & Loutzenhiser, 2009; Svavarsdottir & Rayens, 2005) but have not been studied in a population of adoptive parents. Given the unique challenges of parenting an adopted child, the current study evaluated the relationship between hardiness, family hardiness, parenting self-efficacy, and parenting stress in a sample of adoptive parents. Results demonstrated that hardiness, family hardiness, and parenting self-efficacy predicted parenting stress in adoptive parents. Both hardiness and parenting self-efficacy emerged as unique predictors of parenting stress whereas family hardiness did not. 1bis was the first study to demonstrate that hardiness, family hardiness, and parenting self-efficacy buffer against the negative effects of parenting stress for adoptive parents.
","abstract_html":"<p>Adoptive parents are at risk for experiencing a high level of parenting stress (McGlone, Santos, Kazama, Fong, & Mueller, 2002) throughout the duration of the adoption experience. Adoptee background factors have been found to contribute to increased levels of parenting stress and distress in adoptive parents (Brooks, Simmel, Wind, & Barth, 2005; McDonald, Lieberman, Partridge, & Homby, 1991; McGlone et al., 2002). Increased parenting stress has been associated with negative outcomes for both parent and child (Ang, 2008; Deater-Deckard, Smith, & Ivy 2005; Morgan, Robinsion, & Aldridge, 2002). Hardiness, family hardiness and parental self-efficacy are protective factors that have all been found to be negatively associated with distress (Beasley, Thompson, & Davidson, 2002; Sevigny & Loutzenhiser, 2009; Svavarsdottir & Rayens, 2005) but have not been studied in a population of adoptive parents. Given the unique challenges of parenting an adopted child, the current study evaluated the relationship between hardiness, family hardiness, parenting self-efficacy, and parenting stress in a sample of adoptive parents. Results demonstrated that hardiness, family hardiness, and parenting self-efficacy predicted parenting stress in adoptive parents. Both hardiness and parenting self-efficacy emerged as unique predictors of parenting stress whereas family hardiness did not. 1bis was the first study to demonstrate that hardiness, family hardiness, and parenting self-efficacy buffer against the negative effects of parenting stress for adoptive parents. </p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Raisanen, Erica Danielle"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Arts (MA)","degree_level":"Masters Thesis","degree_discipline":"Psychology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Bonnie Nicholson","Melanie Leuty","Emily Yowell"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2013,"date_issued":"2013-05-01T07:00:00Z","date_published":"2013-05-01T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:45:06Z","subjects":["Psychology","Social and Behavioral Sciences"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://aquila.usm.edu/masters_theses/518","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Bonnie Nicholson","Melanie Leuty","Emily Yowell"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Raisanen, Erica Danielle"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2018-11-16T08:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Psychology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Masters Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Arts (MA)"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Psychology","Social and Behavioral Sciences"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://aquila.usm.edu/masters_theses/518"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Adoptive parents are at risk for experiencing a high level of parenting stress (McGlone, Santos, Kazama, Fong, & Mueller, 2002) throughout the duration of the adoption experience. Adoptee background factors have been found to contribute to increased levels of parenting stress and distress in adoptive parents (Brooks, Simmel, Wind, & Barth, 2005; McDonald, Lieberman, Partridge, & Homby, 1991; McGlone et al., 2002). Increased parenting stress has been associated with negative outcomes for both parent and child (Ang, 2008; Deater-Deckard, Smith, & Ivy 2005; Morgan, Robinsion, & Aldridge, 2002). Hardiness, family hardiness and parental self-efficacy are protective factors that have all been found to be negatively associated with distress (Beasley, Thompson, & Davidson, 2002; Sevigny & Loutzenhiser, 2009; Svavarsdottir & Rayens, 2005) but have not been studied in a population of adoptive parents. Given the unique challenges of parenting an adopted child, the current study evaluated the relationship between hardiness, family hardiness, parenting self-efficacy, and parenting stress in a sample of adoptive parents. Results demonstrated that hardiness, family hardiness, and parenting self-efficacy predicted parenting stress in adoptive parents. Both hardiness and parenting self-efficacy emerged as unique predictors of parenting stress whereas family hardiness did not. 1bis was the first study to demonstrate that hardiness, family hardiness, and parenting self-efficacy buffer against the negative effects of parenting stress for adoptive parents.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["The Role of Hardiness, Family Hardiness, and Parenting Self-Efficacy on Parenting Stress in Adoptive Parents"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Bonnie Nicholson","Melanie Leuty","Emily Yowell"],"dc:creator":["Raisanen, Erica Danielle"],"dc:date.available":["2018-11-16T08:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["Adoptive parents are at risk for experiencing a high level of parenting stress (McGlone, Santos, Kazama, Fong, & Mueller, 2002) throughout the duration of the adoption experience. Adoptee background factors have been found to contribute to increased levels of parenting stress and distress in adoptive parents (Brooks, Simmel, Wind, & Barth, 2005; McDonald, Lieberman, Partridge, & Homby, 1991; McGlone et al., 2002). Increased parenting stress has been associated with negative outcomes for both parent and child (Ang, 2008; Deater-Deckard, Smith, & Ivy 2005; Morgan, Robinsion, & Aldridge, 2002). Hardiness, family hardiness and parental self-efficacy are protective factors that have all been found to be negatively associated with distress (Beasley, Thompson, & Davidson, 2002; Sevigny & Loutzenhiser, 2009; Svavarsdottir & Rayens, 2005) but have not been studied in a population of adoptive parents. Given the unique challenges of parenting an adopted child, the current study evaluated the relationship between hardiness, family hardiness, parenting self-efficacy, and parenting stress in a sample of adoptive parents. Results demonstrated that hardiness, family hardiness, and parenting self-efficacy predicted parenting stress in adoptive parents. Both hardiness and parenting self-efficacy emerged as unique predictors of parenting stress whereas family hardiness did not. 1bis was the first study to demonstrate that hardiness, family hardiness, and parenting self-efficacy buffer against the negative effects of parenting stress for adoptive parents.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://aquila.usm.edu/masters_theses/518"],"dc:subject":["Psychology","Social and Behavioral Sciences"],"dc:title":["The Role of Hardiness, Family Hardiness, and Parenting Self-Efficacy on Parenting Stress in Adoptive Parents"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Psychology"],"thesis:degree_level":["Masters Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Arts (MA)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:45:06Z"}