Fruit and vegetable (FV) intakes in MS children remain lower than recommended. Theory-based, multi-component nutrition education interventions like Farm to School (F2S) target FV consumption and utilize such interventions to improve children’s dietary behaviors by incorporating nutrition and agriculture education. The current study was designed with Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as its framework. An intervention was implemented to enhance beliefs, norms, and self-efficacy regarding FV, thus potentially increasing the intention to consume more FV. The research objectives of this study are to describe changes over the course of the intervention in (1) nutrition knowledge; (2) norms, beliefs, and self-efficacy towards eating FV; (3) FV preferences; (4) assess relationships between (a) FV knowledge scores and preferences, (b) reported access to FV at home and reported intakes of FV, (c) FV-related information obtained from teachers and participants’ beliefs or expectancies about consuming FV; and (5) determine the ability of norms, beliefs, and self-efficacy about eating FV in predicting intentions, and the ability of intentions to predict FV intake. Fifth grade students (N=124) were selected as the target of the intervention. Outcome data were collected regarding demographics, knowledge, preferences, norms, self-efficacy, intakes, beliefs, access, and intentions related to FV, via 84-item pre- and post-intervention surveys, which were administered before and one month following the intervention. Descriptive statistics, correlations, regressions, and Wilcoxon signed ranks tests were conducted using SPSS v.21. Nearly all (n=120, 96.5%) 5th grade students participated in both surveys. Significant improvements were noted for students’ FV beliefs (Z=-2.18; p=0.029). After a regression analysis of post-intervention TPB constructs, the overall model was found to be significant at F(3, 88) = 7.2, p<0.001, although it appeared that only self-efficacy significantly predicted intentions, t(91) = 2.25, p=0.027. In contrast to what would be expected when using the TPB, intentions did not significantly predict FV intakes. Future F2S interventions should utilize dietary intake instruments validated for use in children, longer interventions, or longer follow-up periods to allow for assessment of greater impacts.
","abstract_html":"<p>Fruit and vegetable (FV) intakes in MS children remain lower than recommended. Theory-based, multi-component nutrition education interventions like Farm to School (F2S) target FV consumption and utilize such interventions to improve children’s dietary behaviors by incorporating nutrition and agriculture education. The current study was designed with Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as its framework. An intervention was implemented to enhance beliefs, norms, and self-efficacy regarding FV, thus potentially increasing the intention to consume more FV. The research objectives of this study are to describe changes over the course of the intervention in (1) nutrition knowledge; (2) norms, beliefs, and self-efficacy towards eating FV; (3) FV preferences; (4) assess relationships between (a) FV knowledge scores and preferences, (b) reported access to FV at home and reported intakes of FV, (c) FV-related information obtained from teachers and participants’ beliefs or expectancies about consuming FV; and (5) determine the ability of norms, beliefs, and self-efficacy about eating FV in predicting intentions, and the ability of intentions to predict FV intake. Fifth grade students (N=124) were selected as the target of the intervention. Outcome data were collected regarding demographics, knowledge, preferences, norms, self-efficacy, intakes, beliefs, access, and intentions related to FV, via 84-item pre- and post-intervention surveys, which were administered before and one month following the intervention. Descriptive statistics, correlations, regressions, and Wilcoxon signed ranks tests were conducted using SPSS v.21. Nearly all (n=120, 96.5%) 5th grade students participated in both surveys. Significant improvements were noted for students’ FV beliefs (Z=-2.18; <strong>p</strong>=0.029). After a regression analysis of post-intervention TPB constructs, the overall model was found to be significant at F(3, 88) = 7.2, <strong>p</strong><0.001, although it appeared that only self-efficacy significantly predicted intentions, t(91) = 2.25, <strong>p</strong>=0.027. In contrast to what would be expected when using the TPB, intentions did not significantly predict FV intakes. Future F2S interventions should utilize dietary intake instruments validated for use in children, longer interventions, or longer follow-up periods to allow for assessment of greater impacts.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Bishop, Rebecca Kent"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Science (MS)","degree_level":"Masters Thesis","degree_discipline":"Nutrition and Food Systems","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Alicia Landry","Carol Connell","Kathleen Yadrick"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2014,"date_issued":"2014-05-01T07:00:00Z","date_published":"2014-05-01T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:44:27Z","subjects":["farm","school","nutrition","education","theory of planned behavior","Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition","Medicine and Health Sciences"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://aquila.usm.edu/masters_theses/13","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Alicia Landry","Carol Connell","Kathleen Yadrick"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Bishop, Rebecca Kent"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2014-06-20T07:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Nutrition and Food Systems"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Masters Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science (MS)"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["farm","school","nutrition","education","theory of planned behavior","Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition","Medicine and Health Sciences"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://aquila.usm.edu/masters_theses/13"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Fruit and vegetable (FV) intakes in MS children remain lower than recommended. Theory-based, multi-component nutrition education interventions like Farm to School (F2S) target FV consumption and utilize such interventions to improve children’s dietary behaviors by incorporating nutrition and agriculture education. The current study was designed with Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as its framework. An intervention was implemented to enhance beliefs, norms, and self-efficacy regarding FV, thus potentially increasing the intention to consume more FV. The research objectives of this study are to describe changes over the course of the intervention in (1) nutrition knowledge; (2) norms, beliefs, and self-efficacy towards eating FV; (3) FV preferences; (4) assess relationships between (a) FV knowledge scores and preferences, (b) reported access to FV at home and reported intakes of FV, (c) FV-related information obtained from teachers and participants’ beliefs or expectancies about consuming FV; and (5) determine the ability of norms, beliefs, and self-efficacy about eating FV in predicting intentions, and the ability of intentions to predict FV intake. Fifth grade students (N=124) were selected as the target of the intervention. Outcome data were collected regarding demographics, knowledge, preferences, norms, self-efficacy, intakes, beliefs, access, and intentions related to FV, via 84-item pre- and post-intervention surveys, which were administered before and one month following the intervention. Descriptive statistics, correlations, regressions, and Wilcoxon signed ranks tests were conducted using SPSS v.21. Nearly all (n=120, 96.5%) 5th grade students participated in both surveys. Significant improvements were noted for students’ FV beliefs (Z=-2.18; p=0.029). After a regression analysis of post-intervention TPB constructs, the overall model was found to be significant at F(3, 88) = 7.2, p<0.001, although it appeared that only self-efficacy significantly predicted intentions, t(91) = 2.25, p=0.027. In contrast to what would be expected when using the TPB, intentions did not significantly predict FV intakes. Future F2S interventions should utilize dietary intake instruments validated for use in children, longer interventions, or longer follow-up periods to allow for assessment of greater impacts.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Evaluation of a Theory-Based Farm to School Program"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Alicia Landry","Carol Connell","Kathleen Yadrick"],"dc:creator":["Bishop, Rebecca Kent"],"dc:date.available":["2014-06-20T07:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["Fruit and vegetable (FV) intakes in MS children remain lower than recommended. Theory-based, multi-component nutrition education interventions like Farm to School (F2S) target FV consumption and utilize such interventions to improve children’s dietary behaviors by incorporating nutrition and agriculture education. The current study was designed with Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as its framework. An intervention was implemented to enhance beliefs, norms, and self-efficacy regarding FV, thus potentially increasing the intention to consume more FV. The research objectives of this study are to describe changes over the course of the intervention in (1) nutrition knowledge; (2) norms, beliefs, and self-efficacy towards eating FV; (3) FV preferences; (4) assess relationships between (a) FV knowledge scores and preferences, (b) reported access to FV at home and reported intakes of FV, (c) FV-related information obtained from teachers and participants’ beliefs or expectancies about consuming FV; and (5) determine the ability of norms, beliefs, and self-efficacy about eating FV in predicting intentions, and the ability of intentions to predict FV intake. Fifth grade students (N=124) were selected as the target of the intervention. Outcome data were collected regarding demographics, knowledge, preferences, norms, self-efficacy, intakes, beliefs, access, and intentions related to FV, via 84-item pre- and post-intervention surveys, which were administered before and one month following the intervention. Descriptive statistics, correlations, regressions, and Wilcoxon signed ranks tests were conducted using SPSS v.21. Nearly all (n=120, 96.5%) 5th grade students participated in both surveys. Significant improvements were noted for students’ FV beliefs (Z=-2.18; p=0.029). After a regression analysis of post-intervention TPB constructs, the overall model was found to be significant at F(3, 88) = 7.2, p<0.001, although it appeared that only self-efficacy significantly predicted intentions, t(91) = 2.25, p=0.027. In contrast to what would be expected when using the TPB, intentions did not significantly predict FV intakes. Future F2S interventions should utilize dietary intake instruments validated for use in children, longer interventions, or longer follow-up periods to allow for assessment of greater impacts.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://aquila.usm.edu/masters_theses/13"],"dc:subject":["farm","school","nutrition","education","theory of planned behavior","Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition","Medicine and Health Sciences"],"dc:title":["Evaluation of a Theory-Based Farm to School Program"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Nutrition and Food Systems"],"thesis:degree_level":["Masters Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science (MS)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:44:27Z"}