DAX-1 (Dosage-sensitive sex reversal, adrenal hypoplasia congenita, critical region on the X-chromosome, gene 1) is an unusual member of the Nuclear Hormone Receptor superfamily that has the ability to interact with other Nuclear Receptors (NRs) and transcriptional co-repressors and co-activators. While DAX-1 plays an important role in adrenal and gonadal development, recent studies have elucidated the role DAX-1 plays as a transcriptional repressor and its influence on the progression of different types of cancers. The primary aim of this thesis research project is to investigate the role of non-aromatizable androgens in inducing DAX-1 expression and to determine how DAX-1 influences proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis in prostate cancer cells. Using a non-aromatizable androgen, we were able to analyze DAX-1 expression in Androgen Receptor (AR) positive and negative prostate cancer cell lines. We also performed chromatin immunoprecipitation to ascertain if the AR protein plays a role in the transcriptional regulation of the DAX-1 gene. Through these assays, we were able to analyze the link between AR and DAX-1 expression in the context of prostate cancer. In an attempt to understand how AR and DAX-1 influence proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis in prostate cancer cells, we analyzed different target genes involved in these pathways as well as their effects in proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis rates after treatment with a non-aromatizable androgen. Transient transfections of DAX-1 and CRISPR-Cas9 knock out of DAX-1were used to understand the effects of DAX-1 in regulating proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. Results showed that DAX-1 plays a central role in regulating genes pivotal for proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis in prostate cancer cells. These results exposed the complexity of cancer biology in prostate cancer cell progression, as well as a deeper understanding of how transcriptional repressors such as DAX-1 can influence the progression of certain types of cancers.
","abstract_html":"<p>DAX-1 (Dosage-sensitive sex reversal, adrenal hypoplasia congenita, critical region on the X-chromosome, gene 1) is an unusual member of the Nuclear Hormone Receptor superfamily that has the ability to interact with other Nuclear Receptors (NRs) and transcriptional co-repressors and co-activators. While DAX-1 plays an important role in adrenal and gonadal development, recent studies have elucidated the role DAX-1 plays as a transcriptional repressor and its influence on the progression of different types of cancers. The primary aim of this thesis research project is to investigate the role of non-aromatizable androgens in inducing DAX-1 expression and to determine how DAX-1 influences proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis in prostate cancer cells. Using a non-aromatizable androgen, we were able to analyze DAX-1 expression in Androgen Receptor (AR) positive and negative prostate cancer cell lines. We also performed chromatin immunoprecipitation to ascertain if the AR protein plays a role in the transcriptional regulation of the DAX-1 gene. Through these assays, we were able to analyze the link between AR and DAX-1 expression in the context of prostate cancer. In an attempt to understand how AR and DAX-1 influence proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis in prostate cancer cells, we analyzed different target genes involved in these pathways as well as their effects in proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis rates after treatment with a non-aromatizable androgen. Transient transfections of DAX-1 and CRISPR-Cas9 knock out of DAX-1were used to understand the effects of DAX-1 in regulating proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. Results showed that DAX-1 plays a central role in regulating genes pivotal for proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis in prostate cancer cells. These results exposed the complexity of cancer biology in prostate cancer cell progression, as well as a deeper understanding of how transcriptional repressors such as DAX-1 can influence the progression of certain types of cancers.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Beltran Valencia, Roxxana Valeria"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Science in Biology","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Biology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Dr. Christina Tzagarakis-Foster, Ph.D.","Dr. James Sikes, Ph.D.","Dr. Mary Jane Niles, Ph.D."],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2017,"date_issued":"2017-08-11T07:00:00Z","date_published":"2017-08-11T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:44:13Z","subjects":["Androgen Receptor","DAX-1","Prostate Cancer","Cyclins","CRISPR"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://repository.usfca.edu/thes/248","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Dr. Christina Tzagarakis-Foster, Ph.D.","Dr. James Sikes, Ph.D.","Dr. Mary Jane Niles, Ph.D."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Beltran Valencia, Roxxana Valeria"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2017-10-31T07:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Biology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science in Biology"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Androgen Receptor","DAX-1","Prostate Cancer","Cyclins","CRISPR"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://repository.usfca.edu/thes/248"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["DAX-1 (Dosage-sensitive sex reversal, adrenal hypoplasia congenita, critical region on the X-chromosome, gene 1) is an unusual member of the Nuclear Hormone Receptor superfamily that has the ability to interact with other Nuclear Receptors (NRs) and transcriptional co-repressors and co-activators. While DAX-1 plays an important role in adrenal and gonadal development, recent studies have elucidated the role DAX-1 plays as a transcriptional repressor and its influence on the progression of different types of cancers. The primary aim of this thesis research project is to investigate the role of non-aromatizable androgens in inducing DAX-1 expression and to determine how DAX-1 influences proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis in prostate cancer cells. Using a non-aromatizable androgen, we were able to analyze DAX-1 expression in Androgen Receptor (AR) positive and negative prostate cancer cell lines. We also performed chromatin immunoprecipitation to ascertain if the AR protein plays a role in the transcriptional regulation of the DAX-1 gene. Through these assays, we were able to analyze the link between AR and DAX-1 expression in the context of prostate cancer. In an attempt to understand how AR and DAX-1 influence proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis in prostate cancer cells, we analyzed different target genes involved in these pathways as well as their effects in proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis rates after treatment with a non-aromatizable androgen. Transient transfections of DAX-1 and CRISPR-Cas9 knock out of DAX-1were used to understand the effects of DAX-1 in regulating proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. Results showed that DAX-1 plays a central role in regulating genes pivotal for proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis in prostate cancer cells. These results exposed the complexity of cancer biology in prostate cancer cell progression, as well as a deeper understanding of how transcriptional repressors such as DAX-1 can influence the progression of certain types of cancers.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Regulation of proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis in prostate cancer cells by DAX-1 (NR0B1)- an androgen-induced orphan nuclear receptor"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Dr. Christina Tzagarakis-Foster, Ph.D.","Dr. James Sikes, Ph.D.","Dr. Mary Jane Niles, Ph.D."],"dc:creator":["Beltran Valencia, Roxxana Valeria"],"dc:date.available":["2017-10-31T07:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["DAX-1 (Dosage-sensitive sex reversal, adrenal hypoplasia congenita, critical region on the X-chromosome, gene 1) is an unusual member of the Nuclear Hormone Receptor superfamily that has the ability to interact with other Nuclear Receptors (NRs) and transcriptional co-repressors and co-activators. While DAX-1 plays an important role in adrenal and gonadal development, recent studies have elucidated the role DAX-1 plays as a transcriptional repressor and its influence on the progression of different types of cancers. The primary aim of this thesis research project is to investigate the role of non-aromatizable androgens in inducing DAX-1 expression and to determine how DAX-1 influences proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis in prostate cancer cells. Using a non-aromatizable androgen, we were able to analyze DAX-1 expression in Androgen Receptor (AR) positive and negative prostate cancer cell lines. We also performed chromatin immunoprecipitation to ascertain if the AR protein plays a role in the transcriptional regulation of the DAX-1 gene. Through these assays, we were able to analyze the link between AR and DAX-1 expression in the context of prostate cancer. In an attempt to understand how AR and DAX-1 influence proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis in prostate cancer cells, we analyzed different target genes involved in these pathways as well as their effects in proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis rates after treatment with a non-aromatizable androgen. Transient transfections of DAX-1 and CRISPR-Cas9 knock out of DAX-1were used to understand the effects of DAX-1 in regulating proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. Results showed that DAX-1 plays a central role in regulating genes pivotal for proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis in prostate cancer cells. These results exposed the complexity of cancer biology in prostate cancer cell progression, as well as a deeper understanding of how transcriptional repressors such as DAX-1 can influence the progression of certain types of cancers.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://repository.usfca.edu/thes/248"],"dc:subject":["Androgen Receptor","DAX-1","Prostate Cancer","Cyclins","CRISPR"],"dc:title":["Regulation of proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis in prostate cancer cells by DAX-1 (NR0B1)- an androgen-induced orphan nuclear receptor"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Biology"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science in Biology"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:44:13Z"}