Abstract: Recent work has shown that in-utero air pollution has negative effects on both contemporaneous birth outcomes and long-term human capital outcomes. However, only a few studies explore the effects of in-utero exposure to air pollution on fetal loss, and none of the studies has been done in developing countries. In this study, we examine the impact of naturally caused CO and PM 2.5 on reproductive outcomes in 40 developing countries from 1997 to 2009. We present childbirths and birth gender as measures for potential fetal losses. The richest model identified using variation in pollution between pregnancies with controlling for seasonal and annual patterns of pollution in each country differently. We find an increased likelihood of fetal loss in the early stages of pregnancy due to first trimester exposure to PM 2.5. The results provide useful information for assessing benefit of air pollution reductions in developing countries.
","abstract_html":"<p>Abstract: Recent work has shown that in-utero air pollution has negative effects on both contemporaneous birth outcomes and long-term human capital outcomes. However, only a few studies explore the effects of in-utero exposure to air pollution on fetal loss, and none of the studies has been done in developing countries. In this study, we examine the impact of naturally caused CO and PM 2.5 on reproductive outcomes in 40 developing countries from 1997 to 2009. We present childbirths and birth gender as measures for potential fetal losses. The richest model identified using variation in pollution between pregnancies with controlling for seasonal and annual patterns of pollution in each country differently. We find an increased likelihood of fetal loss in the early stages of pregnancy due to first trimester exposure to PM 2.5. The results provide useful information for assessing benefit of air pollution reductions in developing countries. </p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Cheng, Shuqiao"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Science in International and Development Economics (MSIDEC)","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Economics","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Jesse Anttila-Hughes"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2016,"date_issued":"2016-05-20T07:00:00Z","date_published":"2016-05-20T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:43:31Z","subjects":["Air Pollution","Public Health","Women Health","Tropical Countries","Environmental Economics","Econometrics","Health Economics","Other Economics"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://repository.usfca.edu/thes/172","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Jesse Anttila-Hughes"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Cheng, Shuqiao"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2016-05-19T07:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Economics"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science in International and Development Economics (MSIDEC)"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Air Pollution","Public Health","Women Health","Tropical Countries","Environmental Economics","Econometrics","Health Economics","Other Economics"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://repository.usfca.edu/thes/172"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Abstract: Recent work has shown that in-utero air pollution has negative effects on both contemporaneous birth outcomes and long-term human capital outcomes. However, only a few studies explore the effects of in-utero exposure to air pollution on fetal loss, and none of the studies has been done in developing countries. In this study, we examine the impact of naturally caused CO and PM 2.5 on reproductive outcomes in 40 developing countries from 1997 to 2009. We present childbirths and birth gender as measures for potential fetal losses. The richest model identified using variation in pollution between pregnancies with controlling for seasonal and annual patterns of pollution in each country differently. We find an increased likelihood of fetal loss in the early stages of pregnancy due to first trimester exposure to PM 2.5. The results provide useful information for assessing benefit of air pollution reductions in developing countries.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Air Pollution and Fetal Loss in the Global Tropics"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Jesse Anttila-Hughes"],"dc:creator":["Cheng, Shuqiao"],"dc:date.available":["2016-05-19T07:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["Abstract: Recent work has shown that in-utero air pollution has negative effects on both contemporaneous birth outcomes and long-term human capital outcomes. However, only a few studies explore the effects of in-utero exposure to air pollution on fetal loss, and none of the studies has been done in developing countries. In this study, we examine the impact of naturally caused CO and PM 2.5 on reproductive outcomes in 40 developing countries from 1997 to 2009. We present childbirths and birth gender as measures for potential fetal losses. The richest model identified using variation in pollution between pregnancies with controlling for seasonal and annual patterns of pollution in each country differently. We find an increased likelihood of fetal loss in the early stages of pregnancy due to first trimester exposure to PM 2.5. The results provide useful information for assessing benefit of air pollution reductions in developing countries.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://repository.usfca.edu/thes/172"],"dc:subject":["Air Pollution","Public Health","Women Health","Tropical Countries","Environmental Economics","Econometrics","Health Economics","Other Economics"],"dc:title":["Air Pollution and Fetal Loss in the Global Tropics"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Economics"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science in International and Development Economics (MSIDEC)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:43:31Z"}