{"id":{"repo_id":"uoit","oai_identifier":"oai:ontariotechu.scholaris.ca:10155/191"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uoit/oai:ontariotechu.scholaris.ca:10155/191","repository":{"repo_id":"uoit","name":"Ontario Institute of Technology","base_url":"https://ontariotechu.scholaris.ca/server/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"The anti-estrogenic and liver metabolic effects of DHAA in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)","abstract":"Recent studies have shown that dehydroabietic acid (DHAA), a resin acid present in pulp and paper mills, may have anti-estrogenic effects in fish. A chronic-exposure toxicity experiment using immature rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was conducted in order to assess the endocrine disrupting and liver metabolic effects of the wood extractives DHAA and β- sitosterol (BS) regularly present in pulp and paper mills and the model estrogen 17β-estradiol (E2). It was found that exposure to 5 ppm of E2 significantly increased hepatosomatic index (HSI), vitellogenin (VTG) and plasma sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH). This effect was reduced by mixing E2 with DHAA, indicating that DHAA does not cause its anti-estrogenic effects indirectly due to liver damage. Exposure to 5 ppm of DHAA caused a significant increase in liver citrate synthase (CS), and liver ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity after 7 days, however, the fish recovered by 28 days. This study also determined the effect of 14 different pulp and paper mill effluent extracts on liver enzyme metabolism through alterations in the activity of liver lactate dehydrogenase activity (LDH) and CS. This activity varied greatly between mills but most showed an induction of CS after 28 days exposure through i.p. injection. The results of the study indicate that DHAA may alter energy metabolism as well as cause anti-estrogenic effects in female juvenile rainbow trout.","abstract_html":"Recent studies have shown that dehydroabietic acid (DHAA), a resin acid present in pulp and paper mills, may have anti-estrogenic effects in fish. A chronic-exposure toxicity experiment using immature rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was conducted in order to assess the endocrine disrupting and liver metabolic effects of the wood extractives DHAA and β- sitosterol (BS) regularly present in pulp and paper mills and the model estrogen 17β-estradiol (E2). It was found that exposure to 5 ppm of E2 significantly increased hepatosomatic index (HSI), vitellogenin (VTG) and plasma sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH). This effect was reduced by mixing E2 with DHAA, indicating that DHAA does not cause its anti-estrogenic effects indirectly due to liver damage. Exposure to 5 ppm of DHAA caused a significant increase in liver citrate synthase (CS), and liver ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity after 7 days, however, the fish recovered by 28 days. This study also determined the effect of 14 different pulp and paper mill effluent extracts on liver enzyme metabolism through alterations in the activity of liver lactate dehydrogenase activity (LDH) and CS. This activity varied greatly between mills but most showed an induction of CS after 28 days exposure through i.p. injection. The results of the study indicate that DHAA may alter energy metabolism as well as cause anti-estrogenic effects in female juvenile rainbow trout.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Pandelides, Zacharias"],"institution":"University of Ontario Institute of Technology","degree_name":"Master of Science (MSc)","degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":"Applied Bioscience","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":["Holdway, Douglas"],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2011,"date_issued":"2011-08-01","date_published":"2011-08-01","updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:35:32Z","subjects":["Pulp mill effluent","VTG","EROD","Anti-estrogenic","Liver metabolic enzymes"],"languages":["en"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10155/191","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Holdway, Douglas"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Pandelides, Zacharias"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2011-10-31T15:39:13Z","2022-03-29T17:06:41Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2011-10-31T15:39:13Z","2022-03-29T17:06:41Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2011-08-01"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Applied Bioscience"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science (MSc)"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Ontario Institute of Technology"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Pulp mill effluent","VTG","EROD","Anti-estrogenic","Liver metabolic enzymes"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/10155/191"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Recent studies have shown that dehydroabietic acid (DHAA), a resin acid present in pulp and paper mills, may have anti-estrogenic effects in fish. A chronic-exposure toxicity experiment using immature rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was conducted in order to assess the endocrine disrupting and liver metabolic effects of the wood extractives DHAA and β- sitosterol (BS) regularly present in pulp and paper mills and the model estrogen 17β-estradiol (E2). It was found that exposure to 5 ppm of E2 significantly increased hepatosomatic index (HSI), vitellogenin (VTG) and plasma sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH). This effect was reduced by mixing E2 with DHAA, indicating that DHAA does not cause its anti-estrogenic effects indirectly due to liver damage. Exposure to 5 ppm of DHAA caused a significant increase in liver citrate synthase (CS), and liver ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity after 7 days, however, the fish recovered by 28 days. This study also determined the effect of 14 different pulp and paper mill effluent extracts on liver enzyme metabolism through alterations in the activity of liver lactate dehydrogenase activity (LDH) and CS. This activity varied greatly between mills but most showed an induction of CS after 28 days exposure through i.p. injection. The results of the study indicate that DHAA may alter energy metabolism as well as cause anti-estrogenic effects in female juvenile rainbow trout."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["The anti-estrogenic and liver metabolic effects of DHAA in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.advisor":["Holdway, Douglas"],"dc:creator":["Pandelides, Zacharias"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2011-10-31T15:39:13Z","2022-03-29T17:06:41Z"],"dc:date.available":["2011-10-31T15:39:13Z","2022-03-29T17:06:41Z"],"dc:date.issued":["2011-08-01"],"dc:description.abstract":["Recent studies have shown that dehydroabietic acid (DHAA), a resin acid present in pulp and paper mills, may have anti-estrogenic effects in fish. A chronic-exposure toxicity experiment using immature rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was conducted in order to assess the endocrine disrupting and liver metabolic effects of the wood extractives DHAA and β- sitosterol (BS) regularly present in pulp and paper mills and the model estrogen 17β-estradiol (E2). It was found that exposure to 5 ppm of E2 significantly increased hepatosomatic index (HSI), vitellogenin (VTG) and plasma sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH). This effect was reduced by mixing E2 with DHAA, indicating that DHAA does not cause its anti-estrogenic effects indirectly due to liver damage. Exposure to 5 ppm of DHAA caused a significant increase in liver citrate synthase (CS), and liver ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity after 7 days, however, the fish recovered by 28 days. This study also determined the effect of 14 different pulp and paper mill effluent extracts on liver enzyme metabolism through alterations in the activity of liver lactate dehydrogenase activity (LDH) and CS. This activity varied greatly between mills but most showed an induction of CS after 28 days exposure through i.p. injection. The results of the study indicate that DHAA may alter energy metabolism as well as cause anti-estrogenic effects in female juvenile rainbow trout."],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://hdl.handle.net/10155/191"],"dc:language.iso":["en"],"dc:subject":["Pulp mill effluent","VTG","EROD","Anti-estrogenic","Liver metabolic enzymes"],"dc:title":["The anti-estrogenic and liver metabolic effects of DHAA in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Applied Bioscience"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science (MSc)"],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Ontario Institute of Technology"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:35:32Z"}