{"id":{"repo_id":"unr","oai_identifier":"oai:scholarwolf.unr.edu:11714/7517"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/unr/oai:scholarwolf.unr.edu:11714/7517","repository":{"repo_id":"unr","name":"University of Nevada - Reno","base_url":"https://scholarwolf.unr.edu/server/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Threat of Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae and the Rise of Antibiotic Resistance","abstract":"Antibiotic resistance is no new phenomenon. Evidenced by the presence of intrinsic resistance, microbes have had mechanisms to subvert antimicrobials for a very long time. Improper and poor use of antibiotics has further exacerbated the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in the microbial world, posing a significant threat to human health. Among these antibiotic resistant microbes, Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are of particular concern. CRE infections have a relative mortality rate of 50% (Guh et al., 2013). While containing Carbapenem inactivating enzymes, horizontal gene transfer is a powerful force influencing virulence of CRE. Several other factors have led to the current, dire state of antibiotic resistance: frequent and improper use of antibiotics, minimal understanding of fundamental microbiological principles, and lack of focus on unification under a common purpose. International impact necessitates a multifaceted approach focusing on cooperative, and unified efforts.","abstract_html":"Antibiotic resistance is no new phenomenon. Evidenced by the presence of intrinsic resistance, microbes have had mechanisms to subvert antimicrobials for a very long time. Improper and poor use of antibiotics has further exacerbated the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in the microbial world, posing a significant threat to human health. Among these antibiotic resistant microbes, Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are of particular concern. CRE infections have a relative mortality rate of 50% (Guh et al., 2013). While containing Carbapenem inactivating enzymes, horizontal gene transfer is a powerful force influencing virulence of CRE. Several other factors have led to the current, dire state of antibiotic resistance: frequent and improper use of antibiotics, minimal understanding of fundamental microbiological principles, and lack of focus on unification under a common purpose. International impact necessitates a multifaceted approach focusing on cooperative, and unified efforts.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Staffa, Nicholas Charles"],"institution":"University of Nevada, Reno","degree_name":"Molecular Microbiology and Immunology","degree_level":"Honors Thesis","degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":["Courchesne, William"],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2020,"date_issued":"2020-05-01","date_published":"2020-05-01","updated_at":"2026-07-27T21:45:34Z","subjects":[],"languages":["en_US","English"],"rights":["Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 United States"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11714/7517","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Courchesne, William"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Staffa, Nicholas Charles"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2020-07-21T16:46:02Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2020-07-21T16:46:02Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2020-05-01"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Honors Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Molecular Microbiology and Immunology"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Nevada, Reno"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["English"]},{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en_US"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 United States"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/11714/7517"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["The University of Nevada, Reno Libraries will promptly respond to removal requests related to content that violates intellectual property laws, data protections, or has been uploaded without creator consent. Takedown notices should be directed to our ScholarWolf team (scholarwolf@library.unr.edu) with information about the object, including its full URL and the nature of your complaint."]},{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Antibiotic resistance is no new phenomenon. Evidenced by the presence of intrinsic resistance, microbes have had mechanisms to subvert antimicrobials for a very long time. Improper and poor use of antibiotics has further exacerbated the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in the microbial world, posing a significant threat to human health. Among these antibiotic resistant microbes, Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are of particular concern. CRE infections have a relative mortality rate of 50% (Guh et al., 2013). While containing Carbapenem inactivating enzymes, horizontal gene transfer is a powerful force influencing virulence of CRE. Several other factors have led to the current, dire state of antibiotic resistance: frequent and improper use of antibiotics, minimal understanding of fundamental microbiological principles, and lack of focus on unification under a common purpose. International impact necessitates a multifaceted approach focusing on cooperative, and unified efforts."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["PDF"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Threat of Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae and the Rise of Antibiotic Resistance"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.advisor":["Courchesne, William"],"dc:creator":["Staffa, Nicholas Charles"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2020-07-21T16:46:02Z"],"dc:date.available":["2020-07-21T16:46:02Z"],"dc:date.issued":["2020-05-01"],"dc:description":["The University of Nevada, Reno Libraries will promptly respond to removal requests related to content that violates intellectual property laws, data protections, or has been uploaded without creator consent. Takedown notices should be directed to our ScholarWolf team (scholarwolf@library.unr.edu) with information about the object, including its full URL and the nature of your complaint."],"dc:description.abstract":["Antibiotic resistance is no new phenomenon. Evidenced by the presence of intrinsic resistance, microbes have had mechanisms to subvert antimicrobials for a very long time. Improper and poor use of antibiotics has further exacerbated the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in the microbial world, posing a significant threat to human health. Among these antibiotic resistant microbes, Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are of particular concern. CRE infections have a relative mortality rate of 50% (Guh et al., 2013). While containing Carbapenem inactivating enzymes, horizontal gene transfer is a powerful force influencing virulence of CRE. Several other factors have led to the current, dire state of antibiotic resistance: frequent and improper use of antibiotics, minimal understanding of fundamental microbiological principles, and lack of focus on unification under a common purpose. International impact necessitates a multifaceted approach focusing on cooperative, and unified efforts."],"dc:format":["PDF"],"dc:identifier.uri":["http://hdl.handle.net/11714/7517"],"dc:language":["English"],"dc:language.iso":["en_US"],"dc:rights":["Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 United States"],"dc:title":["Threat of Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae and the Rise of Antibiotic Resistance"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_level":["Honors Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["Molecular Microbiology and Immunology"],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Nevada, Reno"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-27T21:45:34Z"}