Brevetoxins are natural neurotoxins that are produced by \"red tide\" algae. In this study, brevetoxin-1 and brevetoxin-2 were incubated with rat liver hepatocytes and rat liver microsomes, respectively. After clean-up steps, samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with electrospray mass spectrometry (LC-MS). For the incubation sample of brevetoxin- 1, two metabolites were found: brevetoxin-1-M1 and brevetoxin- 1-M2. The tandem mass spectrometry study of the [brevetoxin-1- M1+H]+ led to the conclusion that it was formed by converting one double bond in the E or F ring of brevetoxin-1 into a diol. The second metabolite (brevetoxin-1-M2) is proposed to be a hydrolysis product of brevetoxin-1 involving opening of the lactone ring with the addition of a water molecule. The study of incubation of brevetoxin-2 found two metabolites: brevetoxin-2- M1 gave a large [M-H]- peak, and its product ion mass spectrum allowed the deduction that this metabolite was the hydrolysis product of brevetoxin-2; the second metabolite (brevetoxin-2-M2) was deduced to have the same structure as that of brevetoxin-3.
","abstract_html":"<p>Brevetoxins are natural neurotoxins that are produced by "red tide" algae. In this study, brevetoxin-1 and brevetoxin-2 were incubated with rat liver hepatocytes and rat liver microsomes, respectively. After clean-up steps, samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with electrospray mass spectrometry (LC-MS). For the incubation sample of brevetoxin- 1, two metabolites were found: brevetoxin-1-M1 and brevetoxin- 1-M2. The tandem mass spectrometry study of the [brevetoxin-1- M1+H]+ led to the conclusion that it was formed by converting one double bond in the E or F ring of brevetoxin-1 into a diol. The second metabolite (brevetoxin-1-M2) is proposed to be a hydrolysis product of brevetoxin-1 involving opening of the lactone ring with the addition of a water molecule. The study of incubation of brevetoxin-2 found two metabolites: brevetoxin-2- M1 gave a large [M-H]- peak, and its product ion mass spectrum allowed the deduction that this metabolite was the hydrolysis product of brevetoxin-2; the second metabolite (brevetoxin-2-M2) was deduced to have the same structure as that of brevetoxin-3.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Wang, Weiqun"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Chemistry","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Cole, Richard","Wang, Guangdi","Tarr, Matthew"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2004,"date_issued":"2004-12-17T08:00:00Z","date_published":"2004-12-17T08:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:28:10Z","subjects":["Mass spectrometry","Electrospray","Brevetoxins","Metabolism"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/204","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Cole, Richard","Wang, Guangdi","Tarr, Matthew"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Wang, Weiqun"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Chemistry"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Mass spectrometry","Electrospray","Brevetoxins","Metabolism"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/204"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Brevetoxins are natural neurotoxins that are produced by \"red tide\" algae. In this study, brevetoxin-1 and brevetoxin-2 were incubated with rat liver hepatocytes and rat liver microsomes, respectively. After clean-up steps, samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with electrospray mass spectrometry (LC-MS). For the incubation sample of brevetoxin- 1, two metabolites were found: brevetoxin-1-M1 and brevetoxin- 1-M2. The tandem mass spectrometry study of the [brevetoxin-1- M1+H]+ led to the conclusion that it was formed by converting one double bond in the E or F ring of brevetoxin-1 into a diol. The second metabolite (brevetoxin-1-M2) is proposed to be a hydrolysis product of brevetoxin-1 involving opening of the lactone ring with the addition of a water molecule. The study of incubation of brevetoxin-2 found two metabolites: brevetoxin-2- M1 gave a large [M-H]- peak, and its product ion mass spectrum allowed the deduction that this metabolite was the hydrolysis product of brevetoxin-2; the second metabolite (brevetoxin-2-M2) was deduced to have the same structure as that of brevetoxin-3.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["In Vitro Metabolism Study of Brevetoxins by LC-ESI-MS"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Cole, Richard","Wang, Guangdi","Tarr, Matthew"],"dc:creator":["Wang, Weiqun"],"dc:description.abstract":["Brevetoxins are natural neurotoxins that are produced by \"red tide\" algae. In this study, brevetoxin-1 and brevetoxin-2 were incubated with rat liver hepatocytes and rat liver microsomes, respectively. After clean-up steps, samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with electrospray mass spectrometry (LC-MS). For the incubation sample of brevetoxin- 1, two metabolites were found: brevetoxin-1-M1 and brevetoxin- 1-M2. The tandem mass spectrometry study of the [brevetoxin-1- M1+H]+ led to the conclusion that it was formed by converting one double bond in the E or F ring of brevetoxin-1 into a diol. The second metabolite (brevetoxin-1-M2) is proposed to be a hydrolysis product of brevetoxin-1 involving opening of the lactone ring with the addition of a water molecule. The study of incubation of brevetoxin-2 found two metabolites: brevetoxin-2- M1 gave a large [M-H]- peak, and its product ion mass spectrum allowed the deduction that this metabolite was the hydrolysis product of brevetoxin-2; the second metabolite (brevetoxin-2-M2) was deduced to have the same structure as that of brevetoxin-3.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/204"],"dc:subject":["Mass spectrometry","Electrospray","Brevetoxins","Metabolism"],"dc:title":["In Vitro Metabolism Study of Brevetoxins by LC-ESI-MS"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Chemistry"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:28:10Z"}