{"id":{"repo_id":"umkc","oai_identifier":"oai:mospace.umsystem.edu:10355/83805"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/umkc/oai:mospace.umsystem.edu:10355/83805","repository":{"repo_id":"umkc","name":"University of Missouri - Kansas City","base_url":"https://mospace.umsystem.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Protecting the Self, Protecting White Supremacy: Exploring the Relationship Between Psychological Defense, Gender, and White Fragility","abstract":"Historically, research connected to social justice has focused on the experiences, challenges, and strengths of individuals on the margins (Jamel, 2017). Only more recently has research begun to address individuals of relative privilege who exert power over marginalized groups and may perpetuate the current system of straight White male hegemony. White fragility is one concept through which the internal operations of a relatively privileged group may be explored. White Fragility resembles psychological defense mechanisms (e.g., projection, denial) in its behavioral manifestation and function. Defensive responses to White privilege also vary by gender. Accordingly, this exploratory study examined whether gender moderated the relationship between psychological defenses and White Fragility. Results of this study may serve as a springboard for further White Fragility research and continued investigation of the processes by which White Americans increase their racial cognizance.","abstract_html":"Historically, research connected to social justice has focused on the experiences, challenges, and strengths of individuals on the margins (Jamel, 2017). Only more recently has research begun to address individuals of relative privilege who exert power over marginalized groups and may perpetuate the current system of straight White male hegemony. White fragility is one concept through which the internal operations of a relatively privileged group may be explored. White Fragility resembles psychological defense mechanisms (e.g., projection, denial) in its behavioral manifestation and function. Defensive responses to White privilege also vary by gender. Accordingly, this exploratory study examined whether gender moderated the relationship between psychological defenses and White Fragility. Results of this study may serve as a springboard for further White Fragility research and continued investigation of the processes by which White Americans increase their racial cognizance.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Keramidas, Alexa Marie"],"institution":"University of Missouri--Kansas City","degree_name":"Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy)","degree_level":"Doctoral","degree_discipline":"Counseling Psychology (UMKC)","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":["Langrehr, Kimberly J."],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2021,"date_issued":"2021","date_published":"2021","updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:19:40Z","subjects":[],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10355/83805","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Langrehr, Kimberly J."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Keramidas, Alexa Marie"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2021-05-20T01:06:33Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2021-05-20T01:06:33Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2021"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Counseling Psychology (UMKC)"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Doctoral"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy)"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Missouri--Kansas City"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/10355/83805"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Title from PDF of title page viewed May 27, 2021","Dissertation advisor: Kimberly Langrehr","Vita","Includes bibliographical references (page 112-144)","Thesis (Ph.D.)--School of Education. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2021"]},{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Historically, research connected to social justice has focused on the experiences, challenges, and strengths of individuals on the margins (Jamel, 2017). Only more recently has research begun to address individuals of relative privilege who exert power over marginalized groups and may perpetuate the current system of straight White male hegemony. White fragility is one concept through which the internal operations of a relatively privileged group may be explored. White Fragility resembles psychological defense mechanisms (e.g., projection, denial) in its behavioral manifestation and function. Defensive responses to White privilege also vary by gender. Accordingly, this exploratory study examined whether gender moderated the relationship between psychological defenses and White Fragility. Results of this study may serve as a springboard for further White Fragility research and continued investigation of the processes by which White Americans increase their racial cognizance."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Protecting the Self, Protecting White Supremacy: Exploring the Relationship Between Psychological Defense, Gender, and White Fragility"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.advisor":["Langrehr, Kimberly J."],"dc:creator":["Keramidas, Alexa Marie"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2021-05-20T01:06:33Z"],"dc:date.available":["2021-05-20T01:06:33Z"],"dc:date.issued":["2021"],"dc:description":["Title from PDF of title page viewed May 27, 2021","Dissertation advisor: Kimberly Langrehr","Vita","Includes bibliographical references (page 112-144)","Thesis (Ph.D.)--School of Education. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2021"],"dc:description.abstract":["Historically, research connected to social justice has focused on the experiences, challenges, and strengths of individuals on the margins (Jamel, 2017). Only more recently has research begun to address individuals of relative privilege who exert power over marginalized groups and may perpetuate the current system of straight White male hegemony. White fragility is one concept through which the internal operations of a relatively privileged group may be explored. White Fragility resembles psychological defense mechanisms (e.g., projection, denial) in its behavioral manifestation and function. Defensive responses to White privilege also vary by gender. Accordingly, this exploratory study examined whether gender moderated the relationship between psychological defenses and White Fragility. Results of this study may serve as a springboard for further White Fragility research and continued investigation of the processes by which White Americans increase their racial cognizance."],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://hdl.handle.net/10355/83805"],"dc:title":["Protecting the Self, Protecting White Supremacy: Exploring the Relationship Between Psychological Defense, Gender, and White Fragility"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Counseling Psychology (UMKC)"],"thesis:degree_level":["Doctoral"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy)"],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Missouri--Kansas City"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:19:40Z"}