The creation, validation, and implementation of five deprivation indices for the five healthy people 2030 domains

Researchers and communities leaders have known for some time now that social determinants of health (SDoH) affect a community's access to health care and overall health.¹ Healthy People (HP) 2030 defines SDoH as “conditions in the environments where people are born, live…that affect(s) a wide range of health, functioning, and quality-of-life outcomes and risks”.² To help communities better their SDoH factors, the Healthy People 2030 working group created five SDoH domains, which are education access and quality, health care access and quality, economic stability, neighborhood and built environment, and social and community context. However, they did not create a standardized, validated deprivation index to quantify how well or poorly a community was doing within each of the domains. We created, validated, and implemented five deprivation indices for each HP 2030 SDoH domains. The deprivation indices were created using data from the City Health Dashboard and American Community Survey. The variables for each index were systematically chosen based on the results of factor analysis and principal component analysis. The indices validated and assessed for quality control showing the indices as reliable and valid via correlation and Cronbach’s Alpha results. The index data was input into a publicly available website using R Shiny in which anyone can download their geographic location’s deprivation scores by entering their zip code, census tract, or county. The Healthy People 2030 Deprivation Indices (HP 2030 DI) were implemented to predict opioid overdose deaths, naloxone saturation, and addiction perception better than standard deprivation indices. The results of the opioid overdose indicated the HP 2030 DI scores could not predict overdose but neither could the other deprivation indices showing consistency. However, the naloxone saturation rates and addiction perceptions could be predicted during the HP 2030 DI scores and outperformed the other deprivation indices. Overall, the HP 2030 DI provides a focused, multidimensional tool to measure the social determinants of health for each Healthy People 2030 domains. Using index scores, community can provide the results to policy makers and community leaders on what the needs of the community are and where to reallocate resources and thus supporting advancement of health equity nationwide.

Name thesis:degree_name

Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy)

Level thesis:degree_level

Doctoral

Discipline thesis:degree_discipline

Biomedical and Health Informatics (UMKC)

Grantor

University of Missouri--Kansas City

Year dc:date.issued

2026

Author dc:creator

• Trompeter, Sara Michelle

Advisors dc:contributor.advisor

• Cheng, An-Lin
• Melchert, Russell B.

Language dc:language.iso

en_US

Handle dc:identifier.uri

https://hdl.handle.net/10355/112315

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:mospace.umsystem.edu:10355/112315