{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/99429"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/99429","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Evaluating dry matter loss rates of 14 to 22% moisture content soybeans at 35°C using a dynamic grain respiration measurement system","abstract":"Soybeans are biologically active after harvest, continuing to respire during storage and processing. Soybean respiration rate (v_(〖CO〗_2 )) and, thus, dry matter loss rate (v_DML) are affected by moisture content (w) and temperature (T). Knowledge of v_(〖CO〗_2 ) or v_DML is useful in developing maximum allowable storage time (MAST) guidelines for soybeans, which are currently sorely lacking for high w and T storage conditions. Therefore, in this study, v_(〖CO〗_2 ) and v_DML were measured for soybeans at a wide range of w (14 to 22 %) stored at 35°C. A dynamic grain respiration measurement system (D-GRMS) was used to measure grain deterioration rates of 14 to 22 % moisture content soybeans stored at 35ºC. Results showed that the pooled dry matter loss rates, (v_DML±〖SE〗_(v_DML ) )_p were 0.128 ± 0.001, 0.250 ± 0.004, and 0.253 ± 0.005 % d-1 for 14, 18, and 22 % moisture content soybeans, respectively. These corresponded to pooled respiration rates, (v_(〖CO〗_2 )±〖SE〗_(v_(〖CO〗_2 ) ) )_p of 1.879 ± 0.028, 3.664 ± 0.064, and 3.708 ± 0.068 mg CO2 (kg d)-1, respectively. The time to reach 0.5% DML, t_0.5±σ_(t_0.5 ), were also highly variable at 8.32 ± 2.89, 5.88 ± 1.47, and 3.83 ± 0.54 d for 14, 18, and 22 % moisture content soybeans, respectively, due to variable lag times before 0.05 % DML was reached. Using a minimum significant difference to be detected of δ=4(v_DML )_p of 0.0032 % d-1 from respiration tests with 18 % moisture content soybeans, a statistical power analysis showed that a minimum of four replications was needed for a 3w x 1T factorial experiment. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) results, however, showed that across the w tested, the minimum significant difference between treatments was δ = 0.066 % d-1 and a minimum of one replication was needed. It is recommended that future soybean respiration experiments proceed with at least four replications. The effects of w on v_DML were best described with an exponential question [v_DML=β_1 exp⁡(β_2 w)] with a mean relative error, MRE = 0.15 % d-1; standard error of regression, 〖SE〗_reg=0.02 % d-1; F-statistic = 149.18, and an estimated coefficient of determination, R^2= 0.97. The D-GRMS, protocols, and statistical analyses of grain deterioration parameters presented in this study are useful for conducting robust grain respiration measurements in the future towards building a set of MAST guidelines for soybeans and other cereal or oilseed commodities.","abstract_html":"Soybeans are biologically active after harvest, continuing to respire during storage and processing. Soybean respiration rate (v_(〖CO〗_2 )) and, thus, dry matter loss rate (v_DML) are affected by moisture content (w) and temperature (T). Knowledge of v_(〖CO〗_2 ) or v_DML is useful in developing maximum allowable storage time (MAST) guidelines for soybeans, which are currently sorely lacking for high w and T storage conditions. Therefore, in this study, v_(〖CO〗_2 ) and v_DML were measured for soybeans at a wide range of w (14 to 22 %) stored at 35°C. A dynamic grain respiration measurement system (D-GRMS) was used to measure grain deterioration rates of 14 to 22 % moisture content soybeans stored at 35ºC. Results showed that the pooled dry matter loss rates, (v_DML±〖SE〗_(v_DML ) )_p were 0.128 ± 0.001, 0.250 ± 0.004, and 0.253 ± 0.005 % d-1 for 14, 18, and 22 % moisture content soybeans, respectively. These corresponded to pooled respiration rates, (v_(〖CO〗_2 )±〖SE〗_(v_(〖CO〗_2 ) ) )_p of 1.879 ± 0.028, 3.664 ± 0.064, and 3.708 ± 0.068 mg CO2 (kg d)-1, respectively. The time to reach 0.5% DML, t_0.5±σ_(t_0.5 ), were also highly variable at 8.32 ± 2.89, 5.88 ± 1.47, and 3.83 ± 0.54 d for 14, 18, and 22 % moisture content soybeans, respectively, due to variable lag times before 0.05 % DML was reached. Using a minimum significant difference to be detected of δ=4(v_DML )_p of 0.0032 % d-1 from respiration tests with 18 % moisture content soybeans, a statistical power analysis showed that a minimum of four replications was needed for a 3w x 1T factorial experiment. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) results, however, showed that across the w tested, the minimum significant difference between treatments was δ = 0.066 % d-1 and a minimum of one replication was needed. It is recommended that future soybean respiration experiments proceed with at least four replications. The effects of w on v_DML were best described with an exponential question [v_DML=β_1 exp⁡(β_2 w)] with a mean relative error, MRE = 0.15 % d-1; standard error of regression, 〖SE〗_reg=0.02 % d-1; F-statistic = 149.18, and an estimated coefficient of determination, R^2= 0.97. The D-GRMS, protocols, and statistical analyses of grain deterioration parameters presented in this study are useful for conducting robust grain respiration measurements in the future towards building a set of MAST guidelines for soybeans and other cereal or oilseed commodities.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Trevisan, Lucas Renato"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Agricultural & Biological Engr","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Gates, Richard S.","Danao, Mary-Grace C.","Rausch, Kent D."],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2018,"date_issued":"2018-03-13T15:49:17Z","date_published":"2018-03-13T15:49:17Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:37Z","subjects":["Carbon dioxide","Grain storage","Storage time","Grain deterioration","Post-harvest loss","Dry matter loss"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2017 Lucas Renato Trevisan"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/99429","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Gates, Richard S.","Danao, Mary-Grace C.","Rausch, Kent D."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Trevisan, Lucas Renato"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2018-03-13T15:49:17Z","2017-12-14","2017-12"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Agricultural & Biological Engr"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Carbon dioxide","Grain storage","Storage time","Grain deterioration","Post-harvest loss","Dry matter loss"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2017 Lucas Renato Trevisan"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/99429"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Soybeans are biologically active after harvest, continuing to respire during storage and processing. Soybean respiration rate (v_(〖CO〗_2 )) and, thus, dry matter loss rate (v_DML) are affected by moisture content (w) and temperature (T). Knowledge of v_(〖CO〗_2 ) or v_DML is useful in developing maximum allowable storage time (MAST) guidelines for soybeans, which are currently sorely lacking for high w and T storage conditions. Therefore, in this study, v_(〖CO〗_2 ) and v_DML were measured for soybeans at a wide range of w (14 to 22 %) stored at 35°C. A dynamic grain respiration measurement system (D-GRMS) was used to measure grain deterioration rates of 14 to 22 % moisture content soybeans stored at 35ºC. Results showed that the pooled dry matter loss rates, (v_DML±〖SE〗_(v_DML ) )_p were 0.128 ± 0.001, 0.250 ± 0.004, and 0.253 ± 0.005 % d-1 for 14, 18, and 22 % moisture content soybeans, respectively. These corresponded to pooled respiration rates, (v_(〖CO〗_2 )±〖SE〗_(v_(〖CO〗_2 ) ) )_p of 1.879 ± 0.028, 3.664 ± 0.064, and 3.708 ± 0.068 mg CO2 (kg d)-1, respectively. The time to reach 0.5% DML, t_0.5±σ_(t_0.5 ), were also highly variable at 8.32 ± 2.89, 5.88 ± 1.47, and 3.83 ± 0.54 d for 14, 18, and 22 % moisture content soybeans, respectively, due to variable lag times before 0.05 % DML was reached. Using a minimum significant difference to be detected of δ=4(v_DML )_p of 0.0032 % d-1 from respiration tests with 18 % moisture content soybeans, a statistical power analysis showed that a minimum of four replications was needed for a 3w x 1T factorial experiment. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) results, however, showed that across the w tested, the minimum significant difference between treatments was δ = 0.066 % d-1 and a minimum of one replication was needed. It is recommended that future soybean respiration experiments proceed with at least four replications. The effects of w on v_DML were best described with an exponential question [v_DML=β_1 exp⁡(β_2 w)] with a mean relative error, MRE = 0.15 % d-1; standard error of regression, 〖SE〗_reg=0.02 % d-1; F-statistic = 149.18, and an estimated coefficient of determination, R^2= 0.97. The D-GRMS, protocols, and statistical analyses of grain deterioration parameters presented in this study are useful for conducting robust grain respiration measurements in the future towards building a set of MAST guidelines for soybeans and other cereal or oilseed commodities.","Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2018-03-13 without embargo terms","The student, Lucas Trevisan, accepted the attached license on 2017-12-13 at 13:57.","The student, Lucas Trevisan, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2017-12-13 at 14:20.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2017-12-14 at 11:04.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #11972 on 2018-03-13 at 10:12:24","Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-13T15:49:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 TREVISAN-THESIS-2017.pdf: 3476604 bytes, checksum: c0462d857711208b3f9bd3864b320fa4 (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4211 bytes, checksum: 7a46d559fd0e69fbb92756afb5f479a2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-14"]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Evaluating dry matter loss rates of 14 to 22% moisture content soybeans at 35°C using a dynamic grain respiration measurement system"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Gates, Richard S.","Danao, Mary-Grace C.","Rausch, Kent D."],"dc:creator":["Trevisan, Lucas Renato"],"dc:date":["2018-03-13T15:49:17Z","2017-12-14","2017-12"],"dc:description":["Soybeans are biologically active after harvest, continuing to respire during storage and processing. Soybean respiration rate (v_(〖CO〗_2 )) and, thus, dry matter loss rate (v_DML) are affected by moisture content (w) and temperature (T). Knowledge of v_(〖CO〗_2 ) or v_DML is useful in developing maximum allowable storage time (MAST) guidelines for soybeans, which are currently sorely lacking for high w and T storage conditions. Therefore, in this study, v_(〖CO〗_2 ) and v_DML were measured for soybeans at a wide range of w (14 to 22 %) stored at 35°C. A dynamic grain respiration measurement system (D-GRMS) was used to measure grain deterioration rates of 14 to 22 % moisture content soybeans stored at 35ºC. Results showed that the pooled dry matter loss rates, (v_DML±〖SE〗_(v_DML ) )_p were 0.128 ± 0.001, 0.250 ± 0.004, and 0.253 ± 0.005 % d-1 for 14, 18, and 22 % moisture content soybeans, respectively. These corresponded to pooled respiration rates, (v_(〖CO〗_2 )±〖SE〗_(v_(〖CO〗_2 ) ) )_p of 1.879 ± 0.028, 3.664 ± 0.064, and 3.708 ± 0.068 mg CO2 (kg d)-1, respectively. The time to reach 0.5% DML, t_0.5±σ_(t_0.5 ), were also highly variable at 8.32 ± 2.89, 5.88 ± 1.47, and 3.83 ± 0.54 d for 14, 18, and 22 % moisture content soybeans, respectively, due to variable lag times before 0.05 % DML was reached. Using a minimum significant difference to be detected of δ=4(v_DML )_p of 0.0032 % d-1 from respiration tests with 18 % moisture content soybeans, a statistical power analysis showed that a minimum of four replications was needed for a 3w x 1T factorial experiment. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) results, however, showed that across the w tested, the minimum significant difference between treatments was δ = 0.066 % d-1 and a minimum of one replication was needed. It is recommended that future soybean respiration experiments proceed with at least four replications. The effects of w on v_DML were best described with an exponential question [v_DML=β_1 exp⁡(β_2 w)] with a mean relative error, MRE = 0.15 % d-1; standard error of regression, 〖SE〗_reg=0.02 % d-1; F-statistic = 149.18, and an estimated coefficient of determination, R^2= 0.97. The D-GRMS, protocols, and statistical analyses of grain deterioration parameters presented in this study are useful for conducting robust grain respiration measurements in the future towards building a set of MAST guidelines for soybeans and other cereal or oilseed commodities.","Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2018-03-13 without embargo terms","The student, Lucas Trevisan, accepted the attached license on 2017-12-13 at 13:57.","The student, Lucas Trevisan, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2017-12-13 at 14:20.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2017-12-14 at 11:04.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #11972 on 2018-03-13 at 10:12:24","Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-13T15:49:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 TREVISAN-THESIS-2017.pdf: 3476604 bytes, checksum: c0462d857711208b3f9bd3864b320fa4 (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4211 bytes, checksum: 7a46d559fd0e69fbb92756afb5f479a2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-14"],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/99429"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2017 Lucas Renato Trevisan"],"dc:subject":["Carbon dioxide","Grain storage","Storage time","Grain deterioration","Post-harvest loss","Dry matter loss"],"dc:title":["Evaluating dry matter loss rates of 14 to 22% moisture content soybeans at 35°C using a dynamic grain respiration measurement system"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Agricultural & Biological Engr"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:37Z"}