{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/97574"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/97574","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"White matter hyperintensities and lower extremity physical function before and after an aerobic exercise intervention in healthy older adults","abstract":"Background: Age-related declines take many forms including white matter deterioration, cognitive impairments, and mobility limitations, all of which can have practical implications, such as falling and making risky pedestrian decisions. Modifiable lifestyle interventions, like physical activity, provide ways to mitigate or ameliorate the range of age-related declines. This dissertation examined the relationships between lower extremity physical function and a representative measure of age-related cerebral small vessel disease, white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume in the brain, before and after an aerobic exercise intervention in a sample of relatively young and healthy older adults. Analyses also examined the role of WMH volume, physical function, and cognition on virtual reality street crossing risk assessment. Methods: Data were analyzed from 177 older adults (M age = 65) who completed the Fit and Active Senior Trial (FAST), a six-month physical activity intervention including three groups: stretching, strengthening, and stability (SSS); dance (Dance); aerobic walking (Walk). Results: The baseline relationship between greater WMH volume and worse lower extremity physical function was weak in this sample and, unsurprisingly, WMH volume did not change over the six-month intervention. Regardless of intervention group, greater standardized improvement in lower extremity physical function was significantly predicted by lower baseline WMH volume, greater baseline gait self-efficacy, and better baseline fitness, uniquely and in interaction. In a separate model, greater improvements in lower extremity physical function were observed in adults assigned to the Dance condition who had greater improvement in gait self-efficacy and/or lower initial WMH volume. Conclusions: The results reported here suggest that in sedentary older adults, the transition to physically active can benefit lower extremity physical function regardless of the type of activity. However, these gains seem to be greatest over the six-month period in individuals who at baseline have lower WMH volume, better gait self-efficacy, and better fitness.","abstract_html":"Background: Age-related declines take many forms including white matter deterioration, cognitive impairments, and mobility limitations, all of which can have practical implications, such as falling and making risky pedestrian decisions. Modifiable lifestyle interventions, like physical activity, provide ways to mitigate or ameliorate the range of age-related declines. This dissertation examined the relationships between lower extremity physical function and a representative measure of age-related cerebral small vessel disease, white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume in the brain, before and after an aerobic exercise intervention in a sample of relatively young and healthy older adults. Analyses also examined the role of WMH volume, physical function, and cognition on virtual reality street crossing risk assessment. Methods: Data were analyzed from 177 older adults (M age = 65) who completed the Fit and Active Senior Trial (FAST), a six-month physical activity intervention including three groups: stretching, strengthening, and stability (SSS); dance (Dance); aerobic walking (Walk). Results: The baseline relationship between greater WMH volume and worse lower extremity physical function was weak in this sample and, unsurprisingly, WMH volume did not change over the six-month intervention. Regardless of intervention group, greater standardized improvement in lower extremity physical function was significantly predicted by lower baseline WMH volume, greater baseline gait self-efficacy, and better baseline fitness, uniquely and in interaction. In a separate model, greater improvements in lower extremity physical function were observed in adults assigned to the Dance condition who had greater improvement in gait self-efficacy and/or lower initial WMH volume. Conclusions: The results reported here suggest that in sedentary older adults, the transition to physically active can benefit lower extremity physical function regardless of the type of activity. However, these gains seem to be greatest over the six-month period in individuals who at baseline have lower WMH volume, better gait self-efficacy, and better fitness.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Banducci, Sarah E"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Psychology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Kramer, Arthur","McAuley, Edward","Morrow, Daniel","Hillman, Charles","Dolcos, Florin"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2017,"date_issued":"2017-08-10T19:51:57Z","date_published":"2017-08-10T19:51:57Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:34Z","subjects":["Aging brain","Cognition","Physical activity","Physical function","Mobility","Pedestrian safety"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2017 Sarah Banducci"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/97574","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Kramer, Arthur","McAuley, Edward","Morrow, Daniel","Hillman, Charles","Dolcos, Florin"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Banducci, Sarah E"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2017-08-10T19:51:57Z","2019-08-11T09:15:39Z","2017-04-18","2017-05"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Psychology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Aging brain","Cognition","Physical activity","Physical function","Mobility","Pedestrian safety"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2017 Sarah Banducci"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/97574"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Background: Age-related declines take many forms including white matter deterioration, cognitive impairments, and mobility limitations, all of which can have practical implications, such as falling and making risky pedestrian decisions. Modifiable lifestyle interventions, like physical activity, provide ways to mitigate or ameliorate the range of age-related declines. This dissertation examined the relationships between lower extremity physical function and a representative measure of age-related cerebral small vessel disease, white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume in the brain, before and after an aerobic exercise intervention in a sample of relatively young and healthy older adults. Analyses also examined the role of WMH volume, physical function, and cognition on virtual reality street crossing risk assessment. Methods: Data were analyzed from 177 older adults (M age = 65) who completed the Fit and Active Senior Trial (FAST), a six-month physical activity intervention including three groups: stretching, strengthening, and stability (SSS); dance (Dance); aerobic walking (Walk). Results: The baseline relationship between greater WMH volume and worse lower extremity physical function was weak in this sample and, unsurprisingly, WMH volume did not change over the six-month intervention. Regardless of intervention group, greater standardized improvement in lower extremity physical function was significantly predicted by lower baseline WMH volume, greater baseline gait self-efficacy, and better baseline fitness, uniquely and in interaction. In a separate model, greater improvements in lower extremity physical function were observed in adults assigned to the Dance condition who had greater improvement in gait self-efficacy and/or lower initial WMH volume. Conclusions: The results reported here suggest that in sedentary older adults, the transition to physically active can benefit lower extremity physical function regardless of the type of activity. However, these gains seem to be greatest over the six-month period in individuals who at baseline have lower WMH volume, better gait self-efficacy, and better fitness.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2019-05-01","The student, Sarah Banducci, accepted the attached license on 2017-04-15 at 08:43.","The student, Sarah Banducci, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2017-04-15 at 09:00.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2017-04-18 at 08:42.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #10776 on 2017-08-10 at 14:30:47","Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-10T19:51:57Z (GMT). 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Modifiable lifestyle interventions, like physical activity, provide ways to mitigate or ameliorate the range of age-related declines. This dissertation examined the relationships between lower extremity physical function and a representative measure of age-related cerebral small vessel disease, white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume in the brain, before and after an aerobic exercise intervention in a sample of relatively young and healthy older adults. Analyses also examined the role of WMH volume, physical function, and cognition on virtual reality street crossing risk assessment. Methods: Data were analyzed from 177 older adults (M age = 65) who completed the Fit and Active Senior Trial (FAST), a six-month physical activity intervention including three groups: stretching, strengthening, and stability (SSS); dance (Dance); aerobic walking (Walk). Results: The baseline relationship between greater WMH volume and worse lower extremity physical function was weak in this sample and, unsurprisingly, WMH volume did not change over the six-month intervention. Regardless of intervention group, greater standardized improvement in lower extremity physical function was significantly predicted by lower baseline WMH volume, greater baseline gait self-efficacy, and better baseline fitness, uniquely and in interaction. In a separate model, greater improvements in lower extremity physical function were observed in adults assigned to the Dance condition who had greater improvement in gait self-efficacy and/or lower initial WMH volume. Conclusions: The results reported here suggest that in sedentary older adults, the transition to physically active can benefit lower extremity physical function regardless of the type of activity. However, these gains seem to be greatest over the six-month period in individuals who at baseline have lower WMH volume, better gait self-efficacy, and better fitness.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2019-05-01","The student, Sarah Banducci, accepted the attached license on 2017-04-15 at 08:43.","The student, Sarah Banducci, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2017-04-15 at 09:00.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2017-04-18 at 08:42.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #10776 on 2017-08-10 at 14:30:47","Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-10T19:51:57Z (GMT). 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