{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/97486"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/97486","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Design, setup of an optically accessible internal combustion engine for study of gasoline direct injection combustion","abstract":"Gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines are becoming attractive options for automobiles. The precise control over fuel delivery increases the potential for better fuel efficiency and higher performance. In this study, a single-cylinder optically-accessible engine was built to visualize GDI combustion. The optical engine was originally designed and used as a compression ignition engine for study of diesel combustion, but was extensively modified for GDI. The cylinder head was modified to include a spark plug, and a new ignition system was designed. In addition, a lowered compression ratio, new piston geometry, and new fuel injector were employed. In the experiment, combustion of a 20 percent ethanol/80 percent pure 90-octane gasoline fuel blend was studied. Experiments were conducted at 1200 rpm, and intake air and fuel were independently controlled. A metal version of the optical piston was made, and preliminary tests were conducted using the metal configuration. From these tests, engine performance, stability, and emissions were measured. Following the metal engine testing, an optical study was performed. Using a high-speed camera at 12,000 frames per second, images of fuel injector spray as well as combustion were recorded. A 3-dimensional Mie scattering technique was used to image the interaction of the fuel spray with the piston and cylinder walls, and natural flame luminosity was used to capture combustion images. From the experiments, it was concluded that in this configuration, a double injection with a first injection timing of 180° BTDC and a 90 percent/10 percent first/second injection split gave the best results with respect to engine stability and emissions. The combustion and spray imaging paired with corresponding performance and emissions data provide a broad picture of GDI combustion characteristics.","abstract_html":"Gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines are becoming attractive options for automobiles. The precise control over fuel delivery increases the potential for better fuel efficiency and higher performance. In this study, a single-cylinder optically-accessible engine was built to visualize GDI combustion. The optical engine was originally designed and used as a compression ignition engine for study of diesel combustion, but was extensively modified for GDI. The cylinder head was modified to include a spark plug, and a new ignition system was designed. In addition, a lowered compression ratio, new piston geometry, and new fuel injector were employed. In the experiment, combustion of a 20 percent ethanol/80 percent pure 90-octane gasoline fuel blend was studied. Experiments were conducted at 1200 rpm, and intake air and fuel were independently controlled. A metal version of the optical piston was made, and preliminary tests were conducted using the metal configuration. From these tests, engine performance, stability, and emissions were measured. Following the metal engine testing, an optical study was performed. Using a high-speed camera at 12,000 frames per second, images of fuel injector spray as well as combustion were recorded. A 3-dimensional Mie scattering technique was used to image the interaction of the fuel spray with the piston and cylinder walls, and natural flame luminosity was used to capture combustion images. From the experiments, it was concluded that in this configuration, a double injection with a first injection timing of 180° BTDC and a 90 percent/10 percent first/second injection split gave the best results with respect to engine stability and emissions. The combustion and spray imaging paired with corresponding performance and emissions data provide a broad picture of GDI combustion characteristics.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Donahue, Robert Michael"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Mechanical Engineering","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Lee, Chia-fon F."],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2017,"date_issued":"2017-08-10T19:16:12Z","date_published":"2017-08-10T19:16:12Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:34Z","subjects":["Gasoline direct injection","Optical engine","High-speed imaging","Mie scattering","Natural luminosity"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2017 Robert M. Donahue"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/97486","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Lee, Chia-fon F."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Donahue, Robert Michael"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2017-08-10T19:16:12Z","2017-04-26","2017-05"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Mechanical Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Gasoline direct injection","Optical engine","High-speed imaging","Mie scattering","Natural luminosity"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2017 Robert M. Donahue"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/97486"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines are becoming attractive options for automobiles. The precise control over fuel delivery increases the potential for better fuel efficiency and higher performance. In this study, a single-cylinder optically-accessible engine was built to visualize GDI combustion. The optical engine was originally designed and used as a compression ignition engine for study of diesel combustion, but was extensively modified for GDI. The cylinder head was modified to include a spark plug, and a new ignition system was designed. In addition, a lowered compression ratio, new piston geometry, and new fuel injector were employed. In the experiment, combustion of a 20 percent ethanol/80 percent pure 90-octane gasoline fuel blend was studied. Experiments were conducted at 1200 rpm, and intake air and fuel were independently controlled. A metal version of the optical piston was made, and preliminary tests were conducted using the metal configuration. From these tests, engine performance, stability, and emissions were measured. Following the metal engine testing, an optical study was performed. Using a high-speed camera at 12,000 frames per second, images of fuel injector spray as well as combustion were recorded. A 3-dimensional Mie scattering technique was used to image the interaction of the fuel spray with the piston and cylinder walls, and natural flame luminosity was used to capture combustion images. From the experiments, it was concluded that in this configuration, a double injection with a first injection timing of 180° BTDC and a 90 percent/10 percent first/second injection split gave the best results with respect to engine stability and emissions. The combustion and spray imaging paired with corresponding performance and emissions data provide a broad picture of GDI combustion characteristics.","Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2017-08-10 without embargo terms","The student, Robert Donahue, accepted the attached license on 2017-04-26 at 12:40.","The student, Robert Donahue, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2017-04-26 at 12:48.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2017-04-26 at 17:16.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #11074 on 2017-08-10 at 13:46:34","Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-10T19:16:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 DONAHUE-THESIS-2017.pdf: 3216475 bytes, checksum: c00d074f69e703731e83af9c21f103e4 (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4211 bytes, checksum: 12b4135964cf1a27e3af1215a7a25fee (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-26"]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Design, setup of an optically accessible internal combustion engine for study of gasoline direct injection combustion"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Lee, Chia-fon F."],"dc:creator":["Donahue, Robert Michael"],"dc:date":["2017-08-10T19:16:12Z","2017-04-26","2017-05"],"dc:description":["Gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines are becoming attractive options for automobiles. The precise control over fuel delivery increases the potential for better fuel efficiency and higher performance. In this study, a single-cylinder optically-accessible engine was built to visualize GDI combustion. The optical engine was originally designed and used as a compression ignition engine for study of diesel combustion, but was extensively modified for GDI. The cylinder head was modified to include a spark plug, and a new ignition system was designed. In addition, a lowered compression ratio, new piston geometry, and new fuel injector were employed. In the experiment, combustion of a 20 percent ethanol/80 percent pure 90-octane gasoline fuel blend was studied. Experiments were conducted at 1200 rpm, and intake air and fuel were independently controlled. A metal version of the optical piston was made, and preliminary tests were conducted using the metal configuration. From these tests, engine performance, stability, and emissions were measured. Following the metal engine testing, an optical study was performed. Using a high-speed camera at 12,000 frames per second, images of fuel injector spray as well as combustion were recorded. A 3-dimensional Mie scattering technique was used to image the interaction of the fuel spray with the piston and cylinder walls, and natural flame luminosity was used to capture combustion images. From the experiments, it was concluded that in this configuration, a double injection with a first injection timing of 180° BTDC and a 90 percent/10 percent first/second injection split gave the best results with respect to engine stability and emissions. The combustion and spray imaging paired with corresponding performance and emissions data provide a broad picture of GDI combustion characteristics.","Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2017-08-10 without embargo terms","The student, Robert Donahue, accepted the attached license on 2017-04-26 at 12:40.","The student, Robert Donahue, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2017-04-26 at 12:48.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2017-04-26 at 17:16.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #11074 on 2017-08-10 at 13:46:34","Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-10T19:16:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 DONAHUE-THESIS-2017.pdf: 3216475 bytes, checksum: c00d074f69e703731e83af9c21f103e4 (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4211 bytes, checksum: 12b4135964cf1a27e3af1215a7a25fee (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-26"],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/97486"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2017 Robert M. Donahue"],"dc:subject":["Gasoline direct injection","Optical engine","High-speed imaging","Mie scattering","Natural luminosity"],"dc:title":["Design, setup of an optically accessible internal combustion engine for study of gasoline direct injection combustion"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Mechanical Engineering"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:34Z"}