{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/97470"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/97470","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Nonreciprocal microwave devices using parametric frequency conversion","abstract":"This thesis endeavors to characterize the performance of nonreciprocal microwave devices enabled by parametric frequency conversion. Although such devices have been explored somewhat superficially in the 1960s, resurgent interest in low-noise nonreciprocal components has motivated new research in parametric frequency conversion. In particular, this work explores the contributions of nonidealities to performance degradation of a parametric gyrator. Expressions are developed for loss and noise performance contributed by nonideal components constituting the gyrator, and simulations are used to verify the findings. The gyrator is then used to construct a circulator, and its performance's dependence on the same nonidealities is evaluated. A simulated design example is used to demonstrate a practical realization of such a circulator.","abstract_html":"This thesis endeavors to characterize the performance of nonreciprocal microwave devices enabled by parametric frequency conversion. Although such devices have been explored somewhat superficially in the 1960s, resurgent interest in low-noise nonreciprocal components has motivated new research in parametric frequency conversion. In particular, this work explores the contributions of nonidealities to performance degradation of a parametric gyrator. Expressions are developed for loss and noise performance contributed by nonideal components constituting the gyrator, and simulations are used to verify the findings. The gyrator is then used to construct a circulator, and its performance's dependence on the same nonidealities is evaluated. A simulated design example is used to demonstrate a practical realization of such a circulator.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Krol, John Andrew"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Electrical & Computer Engr","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Gong, Songbin"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2017,"date_issued":"2017-08-10T19:16:07Z","date_published":"2017-08-10T19:16:07Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:34Z","subjects":["Nonreciprocal devices","Parametric","Low noise","Radio frequency (RF)","Microwave","High frequency circuits"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2017 John A. Krol"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/97470","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Gong, Songbin"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Krol, John Andrew"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2017-08-10T19:16:07Z","2017-04-25","2017-05"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Electrical & Computer Engr"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Nonreciprocal devices","Parametric","Low noise","Radio frequency (RF)","Microwave","High frequency circuits"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2017 John A. Krol"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/97470"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["This thesis endeavors to characterize the performance of nonreciprocal microwave devices enabled by parametric frequency conversion. Although such devices have been explored somewhat superficially in the 1960s, resurgent interest in low-noise nonreciprocal components has motivated new research in parametric frequency conversion. In particular, this work explores the contributions of nonidealities to performance degradation of a parametric gyrator. Expressions are developed for loss and noise performance contributed by nonideal components constituting the gyrator, and simulations are used to verify the findings. The gyrator is then used to construct a circulator, and its performance's dependence on the same nonidealities is evaluated. A simulated design example is used to demonstrate a practical realization of such a circulator.","Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2017-08-10 without embargo terms","The student, John Krol, accepted the attached license on 2017-04-25 at 12:00.","The student, John Krol, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2017-04-25 at 12:08.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2017-04-25 at 18:26.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #11041 on 2017-08-10 at 13:46:16","Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-10T19:16:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 KROL-THESIS-2017.pdf: 2262891 bytes, checksum: f36b6681f5b88423febe8597f60fc667 (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4206 bytes, checksum: a68d684c7a44c5ca413ca5be249d6a06 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-25"]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Nonreciprocal microwave devices using parametric frequency conversion"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Gong, Songbin"],"dc:creator":["Krol, John Andrew"],"dc:date":["2017-08-10T19:16:07Z","2017-04-25","2017-05"],"dc:description":["This thesis endeavors to characterize the performance of nonreciprocal microwave devices enabled by parametric frequency conversion. Although such devices have been explored somewhat superficially in the 1960s, resurgent interest in low-noise nonreciprocal components has motivated new research in parametric frequency conversion. In particular, this work explores the contributions of nonidealities to performance degradation of a parametric gyrator. Expressions are developed for loss and noise performance contributed by nonideal components constituting the gyrator, and simulations are used to verify the findings. The gyrator is then used to construct a circulator, and its performance's dependence on the same nonidealities is evaluated. A simulated design example is used to demonstrate a practical realization of such a circulator.","Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2017-08-10 without embargo terms","The student, John Krol, accepted the attached license on 2017-04-25 at 12:00.","The student, John Krol, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2017-04-25 at 12:08.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2017-04-25 at 18:26.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #11041 on 2017-08-10 at 13:46:16","Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-10T19:16:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 KROL-THESIS-2017.pdf: 2262891 bytes, checksum: f36b6681f5b88423febe8597f60fc667 (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4206 bytes, checksum: a68d684c7a44c5ca413ca5be249d6a06 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-25"],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/97470"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2017 John A. Krol"],"dc:subject":["Nonreciprocal devices","Parametric","Low noise","Radio frequency (RF)","Microwave","High frequency circuits"],"dc:title":["Nonreciprocal microwave devices using parametric frequency conversion"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Electrical & Computer Engr"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:34Z"}