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To do this, I drew on community-based participatory research methods to elicit stakeholder perspectives on a local waterway remediation project in Milwaukee, WI. The objectives of my thesis were twofold: 1) conduct interviews to understand stakeholders’ definitions of injustice, as well as views on how injustice was created and can be remedied; and 2) discover the challenges and ethical dilemmas of community-based participatory research methods to increase the likelihood of win-win scenarios for communities, practitioners, and researchers. To understand how urban sustainability efforts were divisive and/or brought environmental justice and sustainability initiatives to the fore, I used a theoretical lens grounded in a theory of change. 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The objectives of my thesis were twofold: 1) conduct interviews to understand stakeholders’ definitions of injustice, as well as views on how injustice was created and can be remedied; and 2) discover the challenges and ethical dilemmas of community-based participatory research methods to increase the likelihood of win-win scenarios for communities, practitioners, and researchers. To understand how urban sustainability efforts were divisive and/or brought environmental justice and sustainability initiatives to the fore, I used a theoretical lens grounded in a theory of change. 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