{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/92654"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/92654","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Evaluation of the in vitro elution characteristics of carboplatin-impregnated calcium sulfate beads","abstract":"Pilot Study: Objective: To characterize the elution of platinum from carboplatin-impregnated calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CSH) beads in vitro. Sample: Sixty carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads and 9 CSH beads without added carboplatin (controls) Procedures: Carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads (each containing 4.6 mg carboplatin [2.4 mg platinum]) were placed into separate 10 mL plastic tubes containing 5 mL of PBS in groups of 1, 3, 6, or 10; 3 control beads were placed in a single tube of PBS at the same volume. Experiments were conducted in triplicate at 37 °C and pH 7.4 with constant agitation. Eluent samples were collected at 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 72 hours. Samples were analyzed for platinum content by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results: The mean concentration of platinum released per carboplatin-impregnated bead over 72 hours was 445.3 mg/L. Cumulative concentrations of platinum eluted increased as the number of beads per tube increased. There was a significant difference in platinum concentrations over time, with values increasing over the first 12 hours and then declining for all tubes. There was also a significant difference in percentage of total incorporated platinum released into tubes with different numbers of beads: the percentage eluted of platinum was higher in tubes containing 1 or 3 beads than in those containing 6 or 10 beads. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads eluted platinum over 72 hours. Further studies are needed to determine whether implantation of carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads results in detectable levels of platinum systemically and whether the platinum concentrations eluted locally are toxic to tumor cells. Experiment 2: Objective: To characterize the long-term elution of platinum from carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads in vitro using two distinct sampling methods. Sample: Carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads containing 4.6 mg carboplatin/bead Procedures: Method 1: Three carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads were placed into 10 mL plastic tubes with 5 mL of PBS at 37 C and pH 7.4 with constant agitation. PBS was sampled by evacuation of all 5 mL eluent at 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, and 12 hours and 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 22, 26, and 30 days. The fluid was then replaced with 5 mL of fresh PBS at each time point. Method 2: Tubes corresponding to each sampling time were established at time zero, with each tube containing 3 carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads and 5 mL PBS. PBS was sampled from only the assigned tubes at each time point by evacuation of all 5 mL eluent. Control beads without carboplatin were also evaluated using both methods. Samples were analyzed for platinum concentration by ICP-MS. Results: Platinum was released from carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads for 22-30 days. There were significant differences in platinum concentrations and percentage of total incorporated platinum released over time and between methods. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads eluted platinum for 22-30 days. Sampling method significantly affected platinum release from carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads at nearly all time points. Results from sampling Method 1 and Method 2 provide estimations of the minimum and maximum platinum concentrations expected to elute from carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads in vivo.","abstract_html":"Pilot Study: Objective: To characterize the elution of platinum from carboplatin-impregnated calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CSH) beads in vitro. Sample: Sixty carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads and 9 CSH beads without added carboplatin (controls) Procedures: Carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads (each containing 4.6 mg carboplatin [2.4 mg platinum]) were placed into separate 10 mL plastic tubes containing 5 mL of PBS in groups of 1, 3, 6, or 10; 3 control beads were placed in a single tube of PBS at the same volume. Experiments were conducted in triplicate at 37 °C and pH 7.4 with constant agitation. Eluent samples were collected at 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 72 hours. Samples were analyzed for platinum content by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results: The mean concentration of platinum released per carboplatin-impregnated bead over 72 hours was 445.3 mg/L. Cumulative concentrations of platinum eluted increased as the number of beads per tube increased. There was a significant difference in platinum concentrations over time, with values increasing over the first 12 hours and then declining for all tubes. There was also a significant difference in percentage of total incorporated platinum released into tubes with different numbers of beads: the percentage eluted of platinum was higher in tubes containing 1 or 3 beads than in those containing 6 or 10 beads. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads eluted platinum over 72 hours. Further studies are needed to determine whether implantation of carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads results in detectable levels of platinum systemically and whether the platinum concentrations eluted locally are toxic to tumor cells. Experiment 2: Objective: To characterize the long-term elution of platinum from carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads in vitro using two distinct sampling methods. Sample: Carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads containing 4.6 mg carboplatin/bead Procedures: Method 1: Three carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads were placed into 10 mL plastic tubes with 5 mL of PBS at 37 C and pH 7.4 with constant agitation. PBS was sampled by evacuation of all 5 mL eluent at 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, and 12 hours and 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 22, 26, and 30 days. The fluid was then replaced with 5 mL of fresh PBS at each time point. Method 2: Tubes corresponding to each sampling time were established at time zero, with each tube containing 3 carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads and 5 mL PBS. PBS was sampled from only the assigned tubes at each time point by evacuation of all 5 mL eluent. Control beads without carboplatin were also evaluated using both methods. Samples were analyzed for platinum concentration by ICP-MS. Results: Platinum was released from carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads for 22-30 days. There were significant differences in platinum concentrations and percentage of total incorporated platinum released over time and between methods. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads eluted platinum for 22-30 days. Sampling method significantly affected platinum release from carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads at nearly all time points. Results from sampling Method 1 and Method 2 provide estimations of the minimum and maximum platinum concentrations expected to elute from carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads in vivo.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Tulipan, Rachel Jane"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"VMS-Veterinary Clinical Medcne","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Phillips, Heidi","Fan, Timothy M.","Garrett, Laura D"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2016,"date_issued":"2016-11-10T17:49:04Z","date_published":"2016-11-10T17:49:04Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:26:35Z","subjects":["Carboplatin","calcium sulfate","impregnated beads","local delivery","sustained release"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2016 Rachel Tulipan"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/92654","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Phillips, Heidi","Fan, Timothy M.","Garrett, Laura D"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Tulipan, Rachel Jane"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2016-11-10T17:49:04Z","2016-07-20","2016-08"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["VMS-Veterinary Clinical Medcne"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Carboplatin","calcium sulfate","impregnated beads","local delivery","sustained release"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2016 Rachel Tulipan"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/92654"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Pilot Study: Objective: To characterize the elution of platinum from carboplatin-impregnated calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CSH) beads in vitro. Sample: Sixty carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads and 9 CSH beads without added carboplatin (controls) Procedures: Carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads (each containing 4.6 mg carboplatin [2.4 mg platinum]) were placed into separate 10 mL plastic tubes containing 5 mL of PBS in groups of 1, 3, 6, or 10; 3 control beads were placed in a single tube of PBS at the same volume. Experiments were conducted in triplicate at 37 °C and pH 7.4 with constant agitation. Eluent samples were collected at 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 72 hours. Samples were analyzed for platinum content by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results: The mean concentration of platinum released per carboplatin-impregnated bead over 72 hours was 445.3 mg/L. Cumulative concentrations of platinum eluted increased as the number of beads per tube increased. There was a significant difference in platinum concentrations over time, with values increasing over the first 12 hours and then declining for all tubes. There was also a significant difference in percentage of total incorporated platinum released into tubes with different numbers of beads: the percentage eluted of platinum was higher in tubes containing 1 or 3 beads than in those containing 6 or 10 beads. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads eluted platinum over 72 hours. Further studies are needed to determine whether implantation of carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads results in detectable levels of platinum systemically and whether the platinum concentrations eluted locally are toxic to tumor cells. Experiment 2: Objective: To characterize the long-term elution of platinum from carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads in vitro using two distinct sampling methods. Sample: Carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads containing 4.6 mg carboplatin/bead Procedures: Method 1: Three carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads were placed into 10 mL plastic tubes with 5 mL of PBS at 37 C and pH 7.4 with constant agitation. PBS was sampled by evacuation of all 5 mL eluent at 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, and 12 hours and 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 22, 26, and 30 days. The fluid was then replaced with 5 mL of fresh PBS at each time point. Method 2: Tubes corresponding to each sampling time were established at time zero, with each tube containing 3 carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads and 5 mL PBS. PBS was sampled from only the assigned tubes at each time point by evacuation of all 5 mL eluent. Control beads without carboplatin were also evaluated using both methods. Samples were analyzed for platinum concentration by ICP-MS. Results: Platinum was released from carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads for 22-30 days. There were significant differences in platinum concentrations and percentage of total incorporated platinum released over time and between methods. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads eluted platinum for 22-30 days. Sampling method significantly affected platinum release from carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads at nearly all time points. Results from sampling Method 1 and Method 2 provide estimations of the minimum and maximum platinum concentrations expected to elute from carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads in vivo.","Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2016-11-09 without embargo terms","The student, Rachel Tulipan, accepted the attached license on 2016-07-19 at 13:54.","The student, Rachel Tulipan, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2016-07-19 at 14:02.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2016-07-20 at 09:07.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #10016 on 2016-11-09 at 10:25:36","Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-10T17:49:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 TULIPAN-THESIS-2016.pdf: 917890 bytes, checksum: d32634c8db2caac5d0d03e22da967fe5 (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4211 bytes, checksum: 718b38d5d84aa928db51a6f7807c2f56 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-20"]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Evaluation of the in vitro elution characteristics of carboplatin-impregnated calcium sulfate beads"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Phillips, Heidi","Fan, Timothy M.","Garrett, Laura D"],"dc:creator":["Tulipan, Rachel Jane"],"dc:date":["2016-11-10T17:49:04Z","2016-07-20","2016-08"],"dc:description":["Pilot Study: Objective: To characterize the elution of platinum from carboplatin-impregnated calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CSH) beads in vitro. Sample: Sixty carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads and 9 CSH beads without added carboplatin (controls) Procedures: Carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads (each containing 4.6 mg carboplatin [2.4 mg platinum]) were placed into separate 10 mL plastic tubes containing 5 mL of PBS in groups of 1, 3, 6, or 10; 3 control beads were placed in a single tube of PBS at the same volume. Experiments were conducted in triplicate at 37 °C and pH 7.4 with constant agitation. Eluent samples were collected at 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 72 hours. Samples were analyzed for platinum content by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results: The mean concentration of platinum released per carboplatin-impregnated bead over 72 hours was 445.3 mg/L. Cumulative concentrations of platinum eluted increased as the number of beads per tube increased. There was a significant difference in platinum concentrations over time, with values increasing over the first 12 hours and then declining for all tubes. There was also a significant difference in percentage of total incorporated platinum released into tubes with different numbers of beads: the percentage eluted of platinum was higher in tubes containing 1 or 3 beads than in those containing 6 or 10 beads. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads eluted platinum over 72 hours. Further studies are needed to determine whether implantation of carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads results in detectable levels of platinum systemically and whether the platinum concentrations eluted locally are toxic to tumor cells. Experiment 2: Objective: To characterize the long-term elution of platinum from carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads in vitro using two distinct sampling methods. Sample: Carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads containing 4.6 mg carboplatin/bead Procedures: Method 1: Three carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads were placed into 10 mL plastic tubes with 5 mL of PBS at 37 C and pH 7.4 with constant agitation. PBS was sampled by evacuation of all 5 mL eluent at 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, and 12 hours and 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 22, 26, and 30 days. The fluid was then replaced with 5 mL of fresh PBS at each time point. Method 2: Tubes corresponding to each sampling time were established at time zero, with each tube containing 3 carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads and 5 mL PBS. PBS was sampled from only the assigned tubes at each time point by evacuation of all 5 mL eluent. Control beads without carboplatin were also evaluated using both methods. Samples were analyzed for platinum concentration by ICP-MS. Results: Platinum was released from carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads for 22-30 days. There were significant differences in platinum concentrations and percentage of total incorporated platinum released over time and between methods. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads eluted platinum for 22-30 days. Sampling method significantly affected platinum release from carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads at nearly all time points. Results from sampling Method 1 and Method 2 provide estimations of the minimum and maximum platinum concentrations expected to elute from carboplatin-impregnated CSH beads in vivo.","Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2016-11-09 without embargo terms","The student, Rachel Tulipan, accepted the attached license on 2016-07-19 at 13:54.","The student, Rachel Tulipan, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2016-07-19 at 14:02.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2016-07-20 at 09:07.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #10016 on 2016-11-09 at 10:25:36","Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-10T17:49:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 TULIPAN-THESIS-2016.pdf: 917890 bytes, checksum: d32634c8db2caac5d0d03e22da967fe5 (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4211 bytes, checksum: 718b38d5d84aa928db51a6f7807c2f56 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-20"],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/92654"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2016 Rachel Tulipan"],"dc:subject":["Carboplatin","calcium sulfate","impregnated beads","local delivery","sustained release"],"dc:title":["Evaluation of the in vitro elution characteristics of carboplatin-impregnated calcium sulfate beads"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["VMS-Veterinary Clinical Medcne"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:26:35Z"}