{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/90713"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/90713","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Effects of 2015 earthquake on biological stability of water in Nepal","abstract":"The April 2015 earthquake in Nepal resulted in the loss of 9000 lives, destroyed several infrastructures and displaced more than 2.3 million people. A study was conducted to analyze the perturbation in biological stability of the water sources compounded by poor sanitation practices in Kathmandu (severe earthquake damage) and Jhapa (no earthquake damage) using microbial source tracking and 16S rRNA sequencing. Samples from the same locations were taken before the earthquake in summer 2014, and then again in May to July, 2015 and in Dec. 2015, corresponding to one month and eight months after the 2015 earthquake. Microbial source tracking of human fecal contamination revealed the deteriorated sanitation practices in some specific sites in Kathmandu after the earthquake. The abundance of certain genera responsible for maintaining geobiochemical characteristics of water (Ammonia Oxidizing Archea and Bacteria, Nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria, Sulfate Reducing Bacteria), for example, Methylobacter, Nitrospira, Methylomonas, increased significantly right after the earthquake and decreased eight months later. This result indicated the disturbance in biostability of water right after the earthquake and also indicated the recovery of microbiomes with time. In addition, sudden spikes in some bacterial genera associated with opportunistic pathogens were observed after the earthquake, which associates with outbreaks observed after such event. This study highlighted the potential disruption of water microbiome after the earthquake and its restoration as a function of time and sanitation practices.","abstract_html":"The April 2015 earthquake in Nepal resulted in the loss of 9000 lives, destroyed several infrastructures and displaced more than 2.3 million people. A study was conducted to analyze the perturbation in biological stability of the water sources compounded by poor sanitation practices in Kathmandu (severe earthquake damage) and Jhapa (no earthquake damage) using microbial source tracking and 16S rRNA sequencing. Samples from the same locations were taken before the earthquake in summer 2014, and then again in May to July, 2015 and in Dec. 2015, corresponding to one month and eight months after the 2015 earthquake. Microbial source tracking of human fecal contamination revealed the deteriorated sanitation practices in some specific sites in Kathmandu after the earthquake. The abundance of certain genera responsible for maintaining geobiochemical characteristics of water (Ammonia Oxidizing Archea and Bacteria, Nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria, Sulfate Reducing Bacteria), for example, Methylobacter, Nitrospira, Methylomonas, increased significantly right after the earthquake and decreased eight months later. This result indicated the disturbance in biostability of water right after the earthquake and also indicated the recovery of microbiomes with time. In addition, sudden spikes in some bacterial genera associated with opportunistic pathogens were observed after the earthquake, which associates with outbreaks observed after such event. This study highlighted the potential disruption of water microbiome after the earthquake and its restoration as a function of time and sanitation practices.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Uprety, Sital R"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Environ Engr in Civil Engr","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Nguyen, Thanh H."],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2016,"date_issued":"2016-07-07T20:26:45Z","date_published":"2016-07-07T20:26:45Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:26:34Z","subjects":["Microbial stability","Perturbation","Earthquake and opportunistic pathogens","Nepal"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2016 Sital Uprety"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/90713","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Nguyen, Thanh H."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Uprety, Sital R"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2016-07-07T20:26:45Z","2018-07-08T09:15:33Z","2016-04-26","2016-05"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Environ Engr in Civil Engr"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Microbial stability","Perturbation","Earthquake and opportunistic pathogens","Nepal"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2016 Sital Uprety"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/90713"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["The April 2015 earthquake in Nepal resulted in the loss of 9000 lives, destroyed several infrastructures and displaced more than 2.3 million people. A study was conducted to analyze the perturbation in biological stability of the water sources compounded by poor sanitation practices in Kathmandu (severe earthquake damage) and Jhapa (no earthquake damage) using microbial source tracking and 16S rRNA sequencing. Samples from the same locations were taken before the earthquake in summer 2014, and then again in May to July, 2015 and in Dec. 2015, corresponding to one month and eight months after the 2015 earthquake. Microbial source tracking of human fecal contamination revealed the deteriorated sanitation practices in some specific sites in Kathmandu after the earthquake. The abundance of certain genera responsible for maintaining geobiochemical characteristics of water (Ammonia Oxidizing Archea and Bacteria, Nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria, Sulfate Reducing Bacteria), for example, Methylobacter, Nitrospira, Methylomonas, increased significantly right after the earthquake and decreased eight months later. This result indicated the disturbance in biostability of water right after the earthquake and also indicated the recovery of microbiomes with time. In addition, sudden spikes in some bacterial genera associated with opportunistic pathogens were observed after the earthquake, which associates with outbreaks observed after such event. This study highlighted the potential disruption of water microbiome after the earthquake and its restoration as a function of time and sanitation practices.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2018-05-01","The student, Sital Uprety, accepted the attached license on 2016-04-25 at 11:35.","The student, Sital Uprety, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2016-04-25 at 11:38.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2016-04-26 at 07:55.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #9047 on 2016-07-07 at 13:48:10","Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-07T20:26:45Z (GMT). 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A study was conducted to analyze the perturbation in biological stability of the water sources compounded by poor sanitation practices in Kathmandu (severe earthquake damage) and Jhapa (no earthquake damage) using microbial source tracking and 16S rRNA sequencing. Samples from the same locations were taken before the earthquake in summer 2014, and then again in May to July, 2015 and in Dec. 2015, corresponding to one month and eight months after the 2015 earthquake. Microbial source tracking of human fecal contamination revealed the deteriorated sanitation practices in some specific sites in Kathmandu after the earthquake. The abundance of certain genera responsible for maintaining geobiochemical characteristics of water (Ammonia Oxidizing Archea and Bacteria, Nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria, Sulfate Reducing Bacteria), for example, Methylobacter, Nitrospira, Methylomonas, increased significantly right after the earthquake and decreased eight months later. This result indicated the disturbance in biostability of water right after the earthquake and also indicated the recovery of microbiomes with time. In addition, sudden spikes in some bacterial genera associated with opportunistic pathogens were observed after the earthquake, which associates with outbreaks observed after such event. This study highlighted the potential disruption of water microbiome after the earthquake and its restoration as a function of time and sanitation practices.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2018-05-01","The student, Sital Uprety, accepted the attached license on 2016-04-25 at 11:35.","The student, Sital Uprety, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2016-04-25 at 11:38.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2016-04-26 at 07:55.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #9047 on 2016-07-07 at 13:48:10","Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-07T20:26:45Z (GMT). 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