{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/89286"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/89286","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Approach/avoidance motivation and goal maintenance: implications for models of executive function","abstract":"Trait motivational approach and avoidance tendencies have a differential effect on cognitive processing, at least in part via associations with affective traits. Positive and negative emotionality are fundamental components of these motivational dispositions and have been linked in some studies to a broadening (approach motivation) and a narrowing (avoidance motivation) of attention. Alternatively, other research has suggested that the level of motivation, not the positive or negative valence of emotionality, drives the narrowing of attention. To date, a shortcoming of the literature is that the relationships between trait motivation and cognition have most commonly been assessed using single measures of both constructs. The goal of the present study was to investigate the relationship between trait motivation and cognition more broadly at the latent factor level using multiple measures of both motivation and executive function. Structural equation modeling was used to estimate latent approach/avoidance variables from questionnaire measures and examine their relationship with latent models of executive functioning variables estimated from several neuropsychological tests in an undergraduate sample (N=103). The models of executive function that were used to guide analyses were the unity and diversity model (Miyake & Friedman, 2012) and the dual-network model (Dosenbach et al., 2008). Results indicated that higher levels of both approach and avoidance motivation were associated with better performance on executive function tasks associated with keeping task goals in mind across multiple trials. Findings supported the dual-network model and suggested that levels of motivation were more important than the valence of emotionality.","abstract_html":"Trait motivational approach and avoidance tendencies have a differential effect on cognitive processing, at least in part via associations with affective traits. Positive and negative emotionality are fundamental components of these motivational dispositions and have been linked in some studies to a broadening (approach motivation) and a narrowing (avoidance motivation) of attention. Alternatively, other research has suggested that the level of motivation, not the positive or negative valence of emotionality, drives the narrowing of attention. To date, a shortcoming of the literature is that the relationships between trait motivation and cognition have most commonly been assessed using single measures of both constructs. The goal of the present study was to investigate the relationship between trait motivation and cognition more broadly at the latent factor level using multiple measures of both motivation and executive function. Structural equation modeling was used to estimate latent approach/avoidance variables from questionnaire measures and examine their relationship with latent models of executive functioning variables estimated from several neuropsychological tests in an undergraduate sample (N=103). The models of executive function that were used to guide analyses were the unity and diversity model (Miyake & Friedman, 2012) and the dual-network model (Dosenbach et al., 2008). Results indicated that higher levels of both approach and avoidance motivation were associated with better performance on executive function tasks associated with keeping task goals in mind across multiple trials. Findings supported the dual-network model and suggested that levels of motivation were more important than the valence of emotionality.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Niznikiewicz, Michael A"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.A.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Psychology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Miller, Gregory A"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2016,"date_issued":"2016-03-08T17:21:57Z","date_published":"2016-03-08T17:21:57Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:26:32Z","subjects":["Executive function","Personality","Motivation","Structural equation modeling"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2015 Michael Niznikiewicz"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/89286","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Miller, Gregory A"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Niznikiewicz, Michael A"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2016-03-08T17:21:57Z","2018-03-09T10:15:22Z","2015-11-18","2015-12"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Psychology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.A."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Executive function","Personality","Motivation","Structural equation modeling"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2015 Michael Niznikiewicz"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/89286"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Trait motivational approach and avoidance tendencies have a differential effect on cognitive processing, at least in part via associations with affective traits. Positive and negative emotionality are fundamental components of these motivational dispositions and have been linked in some studies to a broadening (approach motivation) and a narrowing (avoidance motivation) of attention. Alternatively, other research has suggested that the level of motivation, not the positive or negative valence of emotionality, drives the narrowing of attention. To date, a shortcoming of the literature is that the relationships between trait motivation and cognition have most commonly been assessed using single measures of both constructs. The goal of the present study was to investigate the relationship between trait motivation and cognition more broadly at the latent factor level using multiple measures of both motivation and executive function. Structural equation modeling was used to estimate latent approach/avoidance variables from questionnaire measures and examine their relationship with latent models of executive functioning variables estimated from several neuropsychological tests in an undergraduate sample (N=103). The models of executive function that were used to guide analyses were the unity and diversity model (Miyake & Friedman, 2012) and the dual-network model (Dosenbach et al., 2008). Results indicated that higher levels of both approach and avoidance motivation were associated with better performance on executive function tasks associated with keeping task goals in mind across multiple trials. Findings supported the dual-network model and suggested that levels of motivation were more important than the valence of emotionality.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2017-12-01","The student, Michael Niznikiewicz, accepted the attached license on 2015-11-17 at 15:30.","The student, Michael Niznikiewicz, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2015-11-17 at 15:38.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2015-11-18 at 11:21.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #8798 on 2016-03-08 at 11:05:17","Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-08T17:21:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 NIZNIKIEWICZ-THESIS-2015.pdf: 611917 bytes, checksum: 28d7178eb096119bcdab8dd6499a5e7d (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4217 bytes, checksum: d54c256fbcc192763d525de937438fe6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-18","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 91497 Lift date: 2018-03-08T17:22:13Z Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","U of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 91497 on 2018-03-09T10:15:22Z."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Approach/avoidance motivation and goal maintenance: implications for models of executive function"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Miller, Gregory A"],"dc:creator":["Niznikiewicz, Michael A"],"dc:date":["2016-03-08T17:21:57Z","2018-03-09T10:15:22Z","2015-11-18","2015-12"],"dc:description":["Trait motivational approach and avoidance tendencies have a differential effect on cognitive processing, at least in part via associations with affective traits. Positive and negative emotionality are fundamental components of these motivational dispositions and have been linked in some studies to a broadening (approach motivation) and a narrowing (avoidance motivation) of attention. Alternatively, other research has suggested that the level of motivation, not the positive or negative valence of emotionality, drives the narrowing of attention. To date, a shortcoming of the literature is that the relationships between trait motivation and cognition have most commonly been assessed using single measures of both constructs. The goal of the present study was to investigate the relationship between trait motivation and cognition more broadly at the latent factor level using multiple measures of both motivation and executive function. Structural equation modeling was used to estimate latent approach/avoidance variables from questionnaire measures and examine their relationship with latent models of executive functioning variables estimated from several neuropsychological tests in an undergraduate sample (N=103). The models of executive function that were used to guide analyses were the unity and diversity model (Miyake & Friedman, 2012) and the dual-network model (Dosenbach et al., 2008). Results indicated that higher levels of both approach and avoidance motivation were associated with better performance on executive function tasks associated with keeping task goals in mind across multiple trials. Findings supported the dual-network model and suggested that levels of motivation were more important than the valence of emotionality.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2017-12-01","The student, Michael Niznikiewicz, accepted the attached license on 2015-11-17 at 15:30.","The student, Michael Niznikiewicz, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2015-11-17 at 15:38.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2015-11-18 at 11:21.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #8798 on 2016-03-08 at 11:05:17","Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-08T17:21:57Z (GMT). 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