{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/88289"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/88289","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"A characteristic mode perturbation approach for antenna loading design","abstract":"Reactive loading is commonly applied to antennas to modify input impedance and radiation pattern properties. However, reactive loading design approaches based on experience, intuition, and modeling are challenged as the demand grows for antennas with increased functionality and performance. New systematic design methods are needed that can manage complicated performance tradeoffs while providing physical insight into the fundamental antenna operation. Characteristic mode theory has shown promise for systematic antenna design, yet significant limitations still exist that restrict its usefulness. The transformations of characteristic modes with respect to frequency or reactive loading are currently understood only qualitatively, and insight into their behavior must be developed through experience. In this thesis, a novel characteristic mode perturbation approach is developed that provides a quantitative description of how mode eigenvalues and eigencurrents transform under reactive loading and frequency variation. Analytical equations are derived using a novel application of eigenvalue perturbation theory to the characteristic mode problem. The equations characterize the effect of impedance loading on the characteristic mode eigenvalues and eigencurrents and reveal the explicit factors governing the mode transformations. Insight from the perturbation equations suggests a new characteristic mode design paradigm in which loading is used to control the eigencurrent contributions between modes. The new eigencurrent contribution perspective can be used to understand and solve loading problems that traditional characteristic mode theory cannot. The approach is used to design the reactive loading of an Archimedean spiral antenna to produce beam tilt or an endfire radiation pattern while maintaining desirable VSWR properties. Finally, the perturbation approach is used to analyze antenna loss and is applied to the analysis and improvement of antenna radiation efficiency.","abstract_html":"Reactive loading is commonly applied to antennas to modify input impedance and radiation pattern properties. However, reactive loading design approaches based on experience, intuition, and modeling are challenged as the demand grows for antennas with increased functionality and performance. New systematic design methods are needed that can manage complicated performance tradeoffs while providing physical insight into the fundamental antenna operation. Characteristic mode theory has shown promise for systematic antenna design, yet significant limitations still exist that restrict its usefulness. The transformations of characteristic modes with respect to frequency or reactive loading are currently understood only qualitatively, and insight into their behavior must be developed through experience. In this thesis, a novel characteristic mode perturbation approach is developed that provides a quantitative description of how mode eigenvalues and eigencurrents transform under reactive loading and frequency variation. Analytical equations are derived using a novel application of eigenvalue perturbation theory to the characteristic mode problem. The equations characterize the effect of impedance loading on the characteristic mode eigenvalues and eigencurrents and reveal the explicit factors governing the mode transformations. Insight from the perturbation equations suggests a new characteristic mode design paradigm in which loading is used to control the eigencurrent contributions between modes. The new eigencurrent contribution perspective can be used to understand and solve loading problems that traditional characteristic mode theory cannot. The approach is used to design the reactive loading of an Archimedean spiral antenna to produce beam tilt or an endfire radiation pattern while maintaining desirable VSWR properties. Finally, the perturbation approach is used to analyze antenna loss and is applied to the analysis and improvement of antenna radiation efficiency.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Young, Matthew William"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Electrical & Computer Engr","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Bernhard, Jennifer T.","Franke, Steven J.","Schutt-Ainé, José E.","Gong, Songbin"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2015,"date_issued":"2015-09-29T21:08:08Z","date_published":"2015-09-29T21:08:08Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:26:31Z","subjects":["Antenna design","Characteristic mode theory","Perturbation theory","Spiral antenna","Reactive loading","Radiation efficiency","Compensation theorem"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2015 Matthew William Young"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/88289","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Bernhard, Jennifer T.","Franke, Steven J.","Schutt-Ainé, José E.","Gong, Songbin"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Young, Matthew William"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2015-09-29T21:08:08Z","2017-09-30T09:15:27Z","2015-08","2015-07-16","2015-8"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Electrical & Computer Engr"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Antenna design","Characteristic mode theory","Perturbation theory","Spiral antenna","Reactive loading","Radiation efficiency","Compensation theorem"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2015 Matthew William Young"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/88289"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Reactive loading is commonly applied to antennas to modify input impedance and radiation pattern properties. However, reactive loading design approaches based on experience, intuition, and modeling are challenged as the demand grows for antennas with increased functionality and performance. New systematic design methods are needed that can manage complicated performance tradeoffs while providing physical insight into the fundamental antenna operation. Characteristic mode theory has shown promise for systematic antenna design, yet significant limitations still exist that restrict its usefulness. The transformations of characteristic modes with respect to frequency or reactive loading are currently understood only qualitatively, and insight into their behavior must be developed through experience. In this thesis, a novel characteristic mode perturbation approach is developed that provides a quantitative description of how mode eigenvalues and eigencurrents transform under reactive loading and frequency variation. Analytical equations are derived using a novel application of eigenvalue perturbation theory to the characteristic mode problem. The equations characterize the effect of impedance loading on the characteristic mode eigenvalues and eigencurrents and reveal the explicit factors governing the mode transformations. Insight from the perturbation equations suggests a new characteristic mode design paradigm in which loading is used to control the eigencurrent contributions between modes. The new eigencurrent contribution perspective can be used to understand and solve loading problems that traditional characteristic mode theory cannot. The approach is used to design the reactive loading of an Archimedean spiral antenna to produce beam tilt or an endfire radiation pattern while maintaining desirable VSWR properties. Finally, the perturbation approach is used to analyze antenna loss and is applied to the analysis and improvement of antenna radiation efficiency.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2017-08-01","The student, Matthew Young, accepted the attached license on 2015-07-15 at 10:52.","The student, Matthew Young, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2015-07-15 at 11:07.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2015-07-16 at 09:36.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #8478 on 2015-09-29 at 15:06:13","Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-29T21:08:08Z (GMT). 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However, reactive loading design approaches based on experience, intuition, and modeling are challenged as the demand grows for antennas with increased functionality and performance. New systematic design methods are needed that can manage complicated performance tradeoffs while providing physical insight into the fundamental antenna operation. Characteristic mode theory has shown promise for systematic antenna design, yet significant limitations still exist that restrict its usefulness. The transformations of characteristic modes with respect to frequency or reactive loading are currently understood only qualitatively, and insight into their behavior must be developed through experience. In this thesis, a novel characteristic mode perturbation approach is developed that provides a quantitative description of how mode eigenvalues and eigencurrents transform under reactive loading and frequency variation. Analytical equations are derived using a novel application of eigenvalue perturbation theory to the characteristic mode problem. The equations characterize the effect of impedance loading on the characteristic mode eigenvalues and eigencurrents and reveal the explicit factors governing the mode transformations. Insight from the perturbation equations suggests a new characteristic mode design paradigm in which loading is used to control the eigencurrent contributions between modes. The new eigencurrent contribution perspective can be used to understand and solve loading problems that traditional characteristic mode theory cannot. The approach is used to design the reactive loading of an Archimedean spiral antenna to produce beam tilt or an endfire radiation pattern while maintaining desirable VSWR properties. Finally, the perturbation approach is used to analyze antenna loss and is applied to the analysis and improvement of antenna radiation efficiency.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2017-08-01","The student, Matthew Young, accepted the attached license on 2015-07-15 at 10:52.","The student, Matthew Young, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2015-07-15 at 11:07.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2015-07-16 at 09:36.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #8478 on 2015-09-29 at 15:06:13","Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-29T21:08:08Z (GMT). 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