{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/87971"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/87971","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"From the simple to the complex: an examination of different herbicide resistances","abstract":"Herbicide resistance is the result of an evolutionary adaptation that some agronomic weed species have obtained from intense human-driven selection. The mechanisms by which these plants resist herbicides can be diverse. For example, self-pollinating species, such as goosegrass (Eleusine indica), frequently have target-site resistance mechanisms controlled by a single gene. Outcrossing species, such as waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus), in addition to having herbicide resistance conferred by a target-site mutation controlled by a single gene, often evolve non-target-site-based resistance mechanisms controlled by multiple genes. The overall purpose of this thesis was to determine the genetics and inheritance of both target-site- and non-target-based resistances to provide beneficial insights into resistance evolution, adaptation dynamics and management practices. Chapter 2 discusses research conducted to determine if a Tennessee glyphosate-resistant (TennGR) goosegrass population had target-site resistance (TSR) that previously had been associated with glyphosate resistance in other populations [specifically a Pro106Ser substitution in the 5-enolypyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) gene]. Sequencing of the entire TennGR goosegrass EPSPS gene was performed and compared to that of the sensitive Tennessee population (TennGS). The results indicated that the population did contain the anticipated Pro106Ser mutation. An F2 population was derived and used in a whole-plant dose-response experiment to compare the three segregating EPSPS genotypes. This experiment revealed that the Pro106Ser mutation was the sole mechanism of glyphosate resistance in the TennGR population. Chapter 3 discusses research conducted to determine the inheritance of two distinct non-target-site resistances, to atrazine and mesotrione, in a population of waterhemp (MCR). Crosses were performed to generate F1, backcross (BC), and F2 lines. Through separate atrazine and mesotrione dose responses experiments, it was determined that the responses of reciprocal F1 lines did not differ and were intermediate to that of the R and S parental populations, indicating resistance for both herbicides was nuclear inherited. Segregation analysis in F2 and BCS lines indicated inheritance was controlled by a single gene for atrazine resistance and multiple genes for mesotrione resistance. The fourth and final chapter provides concluding remarks and future research opportunities.","abstract_html":"Herbicide resistance is the result of an evolutionary adaptation that some agronomic weed species have obtained from intense human-driven selection. The mechanisms by which these plants resist herbicides can be diverse. For example, self-pollinating species, such as goosegrass (Eleusine indica), frequently have target-site resistance mechanisms controlled by a single gene. Outcrossing species, such as waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus), in addition to having herbicide resistance conferred by a target-site mutation controlled by a single gene, often evolve non-target-site-based resistance mechanisms controlled by multiple genes. The overall purpose of this thesis was to determine the genetics and inheritance of both target-site- and non-target-based resistances to provide beneficial insights into resistance evolution, adaptation dynamics and management practices. Chapter 2 discusses research conducted to determine if a Tennessee glyphosate-resistant (TennGR) goosegrass population had target-site resistance (TSR) that previously had been associated with glyphosate resistance in other populations [specifically a Pro106Ser substitution in the 5-enolypyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) gene]. Sequencing of the entire TennGR goosegrass EPSPS gene was performed and compared to that of the sensitive Tennessee population (TennGS). The results indicated that the population did contain the anticipated Pro106Ser mutation. An F2 population was derived and used in a whole-plant dose-response experiment to compare the three segregating EPSPS genotypes. This experiment revealed that the Pro106Ser mutation was the sole mechanism of glyphosate resistance in the TennGR population. Chapter 3 discusses research conducted to determine the inheritance of two distinct non-target-site resistances, to atrazine and mesotrione, in a population of waterhemp (MCR). Crosses were performed to generate F1, backcross (BC), and F2 lines. Through separate atrazine and mesotrione dose responses experiments, it was determined that the responses of reciprocal F1 lines did not differ and were intermediate to that of the R and S parental populations, indicating resistance for both herbicides was nuclear inherited. Segregation analysis in F2 and BCS lines indicated inheritance was controlled by a single gene for atrazine resistance and multiple genes for mesotrione resistance. The fourth and final chapter provides concluding remarks and future research opportunities.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Huffman, Janel L."],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Crop Sciences","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Tranel, Patrick J.","Hager, Aaron G."],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2015,"date_issued":"2015-09-29T20:37:46Z","date_published":"2015-09-29T20:37:46Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:26:31Z","subjects":["Genetic inheritance","herbicide metabolism","multigenic","monogenic","glyphosate","hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD)"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2015 Janel Huffman"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/87971","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Tranel, Patrick J.","Hager, Aaron G."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Huffman, Janel L."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2015-09-29T20:37:46Z","2015-08","2015-06-30","2015-8"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Crop Sciences"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Genetic inheritance","herbicide metabolism","multigenic","monogenic","glyphosate","hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD)"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2015 Janel Huffman"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/87971"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Herbicide resistance is the result of an evolutionary adaptation that some agronomic weed species have obtained from intense human-driven selection. The mechanisms by which these plants resist herbicides can be diverse. For example, self-pollinating species, such as goosegrass (Eleusine indica), frequently have target-site resistance mechanisms controlled by a single gene. Outcrossing species, such as waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus), in addition to having herbicide resistance conferred by a target-site mutation controlled by a single gene, often evolve non-target-site-based resistance mechanisms controlled by multiple genes. The overall purpose of this thesis was to determine the genetics and inheritance of both target-site- and non-target-based resistances to provide beneficial insights into resistance evolution, adaptation dynamics and management practices. Chapter 2 discusses research conducted to determine if a Tennessee glyphosate-resistant (TennGR) goosegrass population had target-site resistance (TSR) that previously had been associated with glyphosate resistance in other populations [specifically a Pro106Ser substitution in the 5-enolypyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) gene]. Sequencing of the entire TennGR goosegrass EPSPS gene was performed and compared to that of the sensitive Tennessee population (TennGS). The results indicated that the population did contain the anticipated Pro106Ser mutation. An F2 population was derived and used in a whole-plant dose-response experiment to compare the three segregating EPSPS genotypes. This experiment revealed that the Pro106Ser mutation was the sole mechanism of glyphosate resistance in the TennGR population. Chapter 3 discusses research conducted to determine the inheritance of two distinct non-target-site resistances, to atrazine and mesotrione, in a population of waterhemp (MCR). Crosses were performed to generate F1, backcross (BC), and F2 lines. Through separate atrazine and mesotrione dose responses experiments, it was determined that the responses of reciprocal F1 lines did not differ and were intermediate to that of the R and S parental populations, indicating resistance for both herbicides was nuclear inherited. Segregation analysis in F2 and BCS lines indicated inheritance was controlled by a single gene for atrazine resistance and multiple genes for mesotrione resistance. The fourth and final chapter provides concluding remarks and future research opportunities.","Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2015-09-29 without embargo terms","The student, Janel Huffman, accepted the attached license on 2015-06-18 at 12:37.","The student, Janel Huffman, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2015-06-18 at 13:16.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2015-06-30 at 11:59.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #8293 on 2015-09-29 at 13:21:35","Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-29T20:37:46Z (GMT). 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Outcrossing species, such as waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus), in addition to having herbicide resistance conferred by a target-site mutation controlled by a single gene, often evolve non-target-site-based resistance mechanisms controlled by multiple genes. The overall purpose of this thesis was to determine the genetics and inheritance of both target-site- and non-target-based resistances to provide beneficial insights into resistance evolution, adaptation dynamics and management practices. Chapter 2 discusses research conducted to determine if a Tennessee glyphosate-resistant (TennGR) goosegrass population had target-site resistance (TSR) that previously had been associated with glyphosate resistance in other populations [specifically a Pro106Ser substitution in the 5-enolypyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) gene]. Sequencing of the entire TennGR goosegrass EPSPS gene was performed and compared to that of the sensitive Tennessee population (TennGS). The results indicated that the population did contain the anticipated Pro106Ser mutation. An F2 population was derived and used in a whole-plant dose-response experiment to compare the three segregating EPSPS genotypes. This experiment revealed that the Pro106Ser mutation was the sole mechanism of glyphosate resistance in the TennGR population. Chapter 3 discusses research conducted to determine the inheritance of two distinct non-target-site resistances, to atrazine and mesotrione, in a population of waterhemp (MCR). Crosses were performed to generate F1, backcross (BC), and F2 lines. Through separate atrazine and mesotrione dose responses experiments, it was determined that the responses of reciprocal F1 lines did not differ and were intermediate to that of the R and S parental populations, indicating resistance for both herbicides was nuclear inherited. Segregation analysis in F2 and BCS lines indicated inheritance was controlled by a single gene for atrazine resistance and multiple genes for mesotrione resistance. The fourth and final chapter provides concluding remarks and future research opportunities.","Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2015-09-29 without embargo terms","The student, Janel Huffman, accepted the attached license on 2015-06-18 at 12:37.","The student, Janel Huffman, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2015-06-18 at 13:16.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2015-06-30 at 11:59.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #8293 on 2015-09-29 at 13:21:35","Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-29T20:37:46Z (GMT). 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