{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/87690"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/87690","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Soybean Response and Weed Control With Flumioxazin, and Sorption, Degradation, and Weed Control With Isoxaflutole","abstract":"Isoxaflutole is a new herbicide for selective use in field corn to control a wide range of grass and broadleaf species. It exhibits a new mode of action, inhibition of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase, an enzyme found in the pathway for carotenoid biosynthesis. In field studies conducted in 1998 and 1999 at Urbana and Dekalb, a wide range of isoxaflutole rates were tank-mixed with S-metolachlor/atrazine to compare velvetleaf density, weed control, corn injury, and corn yield. Herbicide applications were made at three different timings: early preplant, preplant incorporated, and preemergence. The environmental fate of isoxaflutole was characterized in sorption and degradation studies. In a qualitative kinetic evaluation, the hydrolysis of isoxaflutole was found to be more rapid in a soil solution than in a soil-free system. The sorption of isoxaflutole was 6 to 12-fold greater for isoxaflutole than diketonitrile based on Freundlich Kd values calculated from batch isotherms. The effect of moisture, temperature, and biological activity on isoxaflutole degradation was investigated in 56-day laboratory incubations. In the soil, isoxaflutole rapidly hydrolyzed to diketonitrile, which was subsequently metabolized to the inactive benzoic acid derivative. Degradation was moisture and temperature dependent. In sterile soil, the conversion of isoxaflutole to diketonitrile was similar to non-sterile soil, but the transformation of diketonitrile to benzoic acid and the production of unknown products were greatly reduced.","abstract_html":"Isoxaflutole is a new herbicide for selective use in field corn to control a wide range of grass and broadleaf species. It exhibits a new mode of action, inhibition of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase, an enzyme found in the pathway for carotenoid biosynthesis. In field studies conducted in 1998 and 1999 at Urbana and Dekalb, a wide range of isoxaflutole rates were tank-mixed with S-metolachlor/atrazine to compare velvetleaf density, weed control, corn injury, and corn yield. Herbicide applications were made at three different timings: early preplant, preplant incorporated, and preemergence. The environmental fate of isoxaflutole was characterized in sorption and degradation studies. In a qualitative kinetic evaluation, the hydrolysis of isoxaflutole was found to be more rapid in a soil solution than in a soil-free system. The sorption of isoxaflutole was 6 to 12-fold greater for isoxaflutole than diketonitrile based on Freundlich Kd values calculated from batch isotherms. The effect of moisture, temperature, and biological activity on isoxaflutole degradation was investigated in 56-day laboratory incubations. In the soil, isoxaflutole rapidly hydrolyzed to diketonitrile, which was subsequently metabolized to the inactive benzoic acid derivative. Degradation was moisture and temperature dependent. In sterile soil, the conversion of isoxaflutole to diketonitrile was similar to non-sterile soil, but the transformation of diketonitrile to benzoic acid and the production of unknown products were greatly reduced.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Lovell, Sarah Taylor"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Agronomy","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Wax, Loyd M."],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2015,"date_issued":"2015-09-28T16:22:39Z","date_published":"2015-09-28T16:22:39Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:26:30Z","subjects":["Agriculture, Soil Science"],"languages":["eng"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["(MiAaPQ)AAI9990066"],"render_values":[{"text":"(MiAaPQ)AAI9990066","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/87690","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Wax, Loyd M."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Lovell, Sarah Taylor"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2015-09-28T16:22:39Z","10000-01-01","2000"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Agronomy"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Agriculture, Soil Science"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["eng"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/87690","(MiAaPQ)AAI9990066"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Isoxaflutole is a new herbicide for selective use in field corn to control a wide range of grass and broadleaf species. 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