{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/85100"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/85100","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Charging of Macroparticles Ejected From a Pulsed Vacuum Arc","abstract":"A pulsed vacuum arc discharge emits a plasma as well as macroparticles in the form of micron-sized molten droplets of cathode material. Due to their direction of flight and submicron to 100 mum diameter, these macroparticles often pose a contamination threat for both spacecraft-based thrusters, and thin film deposition systems. The velocity, mass and charge of copper macroparticles emitted by a 100 A arc was experimentally measured, and compared to a model based on thermionic electron emission. The macroparticle velocity was determined by using a time-of-flight velocity filter. Less than 1% of collected particles are larger than 5.7 mum, but they account for 50% of the collected mass. The charge was calculated by measuring particle deflection in a transverse electric field. The model predicts, and the experimental results verify, that the charge on the macroparticles is positive, as compared to the negative charge expected for a DC vacuum arc. Experimental results show a roughly quadratic dependence of particle charge on the particle diameter (q∼D2), with a 1 mum particle having a positive charge of ∼1000 electronic charges (1.6 x 10-16 C), and a 5 mum particle having a charge of ∼25000 electronic charges. The model is particle temperature dependent, and gives q∼D2 at 1750 K and q∼D1.7 at 2200 K. Arguments are also made for limitations on particle temperature due to radiative and evaporative cooling.","abstract_html":"A pulsed vacuum arc discharge emits a plasma as well as macroparticles in the form of micron-sized molten droplets of cathode material. Due to their direction of flight and submicron to 100 mum diameter, these macroparticles often pose a contamination threat for both spacecraft-based thrusters, and thin film deposition systems. The velocity, mass and charge of copper macroparticles emitted by a 100 A arc was experimentally measured, and compared to a model based on thermionic electron emission. The macroparticle velocity was determined by using a time-of-flight velocity filter. Less than 1% of collected particles are larger than 5.7 mum, but they account for 50% of the collected mass. The charge was calculated by measuring particle deflection in a transverse electric field. The model predicts, and the experimental results verify, that the charge on the macroparticles is positive, as compared to the negative charge expected for a DC vacuum arc. Experimental results show a roughly quadratic dependence of particle charge on the particle diameter (q∼D2), with a 1 mum particle having a positive charge of ∼1000 electronic charges (1.6 x 10-16 C), and a 5 mum particle having a charge of ∼25000 electronic charges. The model is particle temperature dependent, and gives q∼D2 at 1750 K and q∼D1.7 at 2200 K. Arguments are also made for limitations on particle temperature due to radiative and evaporative cooling.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Rysanek, Filip"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Aerospace Engineering","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Rodney Burton"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2015,"date_issued":"2015-09-25T22:34:25Z","date_published":"2015-09-25T22:34:25Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:26:24Z","subjects":["Physics, Fluid and Plasma"],"languages":["eng"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["(MiAaPQ)AAI3270015"],"render_values":[{"text":"(MiAaPQ)AAI3270015","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/85100","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Rodney Burton"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Rysanek, Filip"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2015-09-25T22:34:25Z","10000-01-01","2007"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Aerospace Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Physics, Fluid and Plasma"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["eng"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/85100","(MiAaPQ)AAI3270015"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["A pulsed vacuum arc discharge emits a plasma as well as macroparticles in the form of micron-sized molten droplets of cathode material. Due to their direction of flight and submicron to 100 mum diameter, these macroparticles often pose a contamination threat for both spacecraft-based thrusters, and thin film deposition systems. The velocity, mass and charge of copper macroparticles emitted by a 100 A arc was experimentally measured, and compared to a model based on thermionic electron emission. The macroparticle velocity was determined by using a time-of-flight velocity filter. Less than 1% of collected particles are larger than 5.7 mum, but they account for 50% of the collected mass. The charge was calculated by measuring particle deflection in a transverse electric field. The model predicts, and the experimental results verify, that the charge on the macroparticles is positive, as compared to the negative charge expected for a DC vacuum arc. Experimental results show a roughly quadratic dependence of particle charge on the particle diameter (q∼D2), with a 1 mum particle having a positive charge of ∼1000 electronic charges (1.6 x 10-16 C), and a 5 mum particle having a charge of ∼25000 electronic charges. The model is particle temperature dependent, and gives q∼D2 at 1750 K and q∼D1.7 at 2200 K. Arguments are also made for limitations on particle temperature due to radiative and evaporative cooling.","Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-25T22:34:25Z (GMT). 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Due to their direction of flight and submicron to 100 mum diameter, these macroparticles often pose a contamination threat for both spacecraft-based thrusters, and thin film deposition systems. The velocity, mass and charge of copper macroparticles emitted by a 100 A arc was experimentally measured, and compared to a model based on thermionic electron emission. The macroparticle velocity was determined by using a time-of-flight velocity filter. Less than 1% of collected particles are larger than 5.7 mum, but they account for 50% of the collected mass. The charge was calculated by measuring particle deflection in a transverse electric field. The model predicts, and the experimental results verify, that the charge on the macroparticles is positive, as compared to the negative charge expected for a DC vacuum arc. Experimental results show a roughly quadratic dependence of particle charge on the particle diameter (q∼D2), with a 1 mum particle having a positive charge of ∼1000 electronic charges (1.6 x 10-16 C), and a 5 mum particle having a charge of ∼25000 electronic charges. The model is particle temperature dependent, and gives q∼D2 at 1750 K and q∼D1.7 at 2200 K. Arguments are also made for limitations on particle temperature due to radiative and evaporative cooling.","Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-25T22:34:25Z (GMT). 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