Route of Nutrient Administration Alters Intestinal Immune Cell Composition in Neonatal Piglets
type: CreativeWork
description: Premature and low birth weight infants frequently have increased metabolic requirements and developmentally immature gastrointestinal function and are supported totally or partially on parenteral nutrition for several days to weeks postpartum. The use of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is frequently associated with a myriad of complications, primarily due to the lack of enteral stimulation. In neonates, TPN reduces gastrointestinal hormone secretion, compromises intestinal morphology and disaccharidase activity and alters systemic immune function. The impact of TPN on intestinal immune cell composition in neonates has been poorly characterized. Therefore, the central objective of this doctoral research was to determine the effects of TPN on intestinal immune cell composition in the developing intestine. The neonatal piglet was used as the model for the human infant. In experiment 1, piglets receiving TPN for seven days demonstrated compromised intestinal morphology and a greater number of intestinal CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes, goblet cells, and mast cells. An inverse correlation between T-lymphocyte numbers and intestinal morphology was observed (r > --0.80; P < 0.05), suggesting an association between TPN-induced gut atrophy and intestinal T-lymphocyte expansion. Partial enteral nutrition (PEN) is used in the clinical setting to avoid complications of TPN and promote GI development. Provision of 20% of energy as PEN to neonatal pigs receiving parenteral nutrition improved intestinal morphology and enzyme activities. In experiment 2, the provision of 20% of total calories enterally (PEN) ameliorated TPN-induced alterations in intestinal immune cell composition after 7 days. Experiment 3 was designed to ascertain the temporal relationship between TPN-induced changes in intestinal structure, function and immune cell composition. Significant alterations in intestinal morphology, enterocyte migration, barrier-function, disaccharidase activity, sodium-dependent glucose…
abstract: Premature and low birth weight infants frequently have increased metabolic requirements and developmentally immature gastrointestinal function and are supported totally or partially on parenteral nutrition for several days to weeks postpartum. The use of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is frequently associated with a myriad of complications, primarily due to the lack of enteral stimulation. In neonates, TPN reduces gastrointestinal hormone secretion, compromises intestinal morphology and disaccharidase activity and alters systemic immune function. The impact of TPN on intestinal immune cell composition in neonates has been poorly characterized. Therefore, the central objective of this doctoral research was to determine the effects of TPN on intestinal immune cell composition in the developing intestine. The neonatal piglet was used as the model for the human infant. In experiment 1, piglets receiving TPN for seven days demonstrated compromised intestinal morphology and a greater number of intestinal CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes, goblet cells, and mast cells. An inverse correlation between T-lymphocyte numbers and intestinal morphology was observed (r > --0.80; P < 0.05), suggesting an association between TPN-induced gut atrophy and intestinal T-lymphocyte expansion. Partial enteral nutrition (PEN) is used in the clinical setting to avoid complications of TPN and promote GI development. Provision of 20% of energy as PEN to neonatal pigs receiving parenteral nutrition improved intestinal morphology and enzyme activities. In experiment 2, the provision of 20% of total calories enterally (PEN) ameliorated TPN-induced alterations in intestinal immune cell composition after 7 days. Experiment 3 was designed to ascertain the temporal relationship between TPN-induced changes in intestinal structure, function and immune cell composition. Significant alterations in intestinal morphology, enterocyte migration, barrier-function, disaccharidase activity, sodium-dependent glucose…
author: Ganessunker, Deshanie
language: eng
keywords: Health Sciences, Immunology
date published: 2015-09-25T22:31:13Z
date modified: 2026-07-22T22:26:24Z
provider: University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign
publisher: Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations
type: WebPage
source organization: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

PropertyValue
property ID: Handle
value: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/84989