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Because people were often prohibited from contesting state decisions, and tended to adopt less effective means of contention when they did, the Party-state dominated society. The dissertation follows a comparative historical methodology aimed at substantiating the theoretical argument and discrediting rival explanations by pattern matching within-case causal linkages, applied to the Soviet collectivisation campaign, the Hungarian Uprising and the Polish Solidarity movement.","abstract_html":"This dissertation aims to trace how the peculiar structures of Communist political systems influenced people's means of protest and thereby helped to constitute general state-society relations. It is argued that big structural changes like the abolition of the market and civil society and the growth of the Party-state removed many resources necessary for people to turn their grievances into organised resistance against the authorities. 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