{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/79968"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/79968","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"The Influence of Pretask Instructions and Pretask Planning on Learners' Focus on Form During Task -Based Interaction","abstract":"For task-based interaction, the results revealed a main effect of language focus and an interaction effect involving instructions and language focus. That is, the learners focused more on lexis than morphosyntax irrespective of planning and instruction types, but the difference between lexis and morphosyntax focus was reduced for the specific compared to the general instructions. However, there were no main effects of instructions and planning, as well as no interaction between planning and instructions, planning and language focus, or planning, instructions, and language focus. In terms of what the learners did while planning, the overall results indicated that both general and specific planners paid the greatest attention to content and organization, followed by lexis and grammar, which suggests that the pretask instructions did not affect what learners did during planning time.","abstract_html":"For task-based interaction, the results revealed a main effect of language focus and an interaction effect involving instructions and language focus. That is, the learners focused more on lexis than morphosyntax irrespective of planning and instruction types, but the difference between lexis and morphosyntax focus was reduced for the specific compared to the general instructions. However, there were no main effects of instructions and planning, as well as no interaction between planning and instructions, planning and language focus, or planning, instructions, and language focus. In terms of what the learners did while planning, the overall results indicated that both general and specific planners paid the greatest attention to content and organization, followed by lexis and grammar, which suggests that the pretask instructions did not affect what learners did during planning time.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Park, Sujung"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Education","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Cziko, Gary A.","Kim McDonough"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2015,"date_issued":"2015-09-25T19:54:44Z","date_published":"2015-09-25T19:54:44Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:26:13Z","subjects":["Speech Communication"],"languages":["eng"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["(MiAaPQ)AAI3250309"],"render_values":[{"text":"(MiAaPQ)AAI3250309","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/79968","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Cziko, Gary A.","Kim McDonough"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Park, Sujung"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2015-09-25T19:54:44Z","10000-01-01","2006"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Education"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Speech Communication"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["eng"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/79968","(MiAaPQ)AAI3250309"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["For task-based interaction, the results revealed a main effect of language focus and an interaction effect involving instructions and language focus. That is, the learners focused more on lexis than morphosyntax irrespective of planning and instruction types, but the difference between lexis and morphosyntax focus was reduced for the specific compared to the general instructions. However, there were no main effects of instructions and planning, as well as no interaction between planning and instructions, planning and language focus, or planning, instructions, and language focus. In terms of what the learners did while planning, the overall results indicated that both general and specific planners paid the greatest attention to content and organization, followed by lexis and grammar, which suggests that the pretask instructions did not affect what learners did during planning time.","Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-25T19:54:44Z (GMT). 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That is, the learners focused more on lexis than morphosyntax irrespective of planning and instruction types, but the difference between lexis and morphosyntax focus was reduced for the specific compared to the general instructions. However, there were no main effects of instructions and planning, as well as no interaction between planning and instructions, planning and language focus, or planning, instructions, and language focus. In terms of what the learners did while planning, the overall results indicated that both general and specific planners paid the greatest attention to content and organization, followed by lexis and grammar, which suggests that the pretask instructions did not affect what learners did during planning time.","Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-25T19:54:44Z (GMT). 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