{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/71808"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/71808","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Infrared Frequency Shifting in Thermally- and Mechanically-Stressed Polymers (Anharmonicity, Nonequilibrium, Ftir, Fourier, Transform, Spectrometer)","abstract":"Thermal and mechanical stresses alter the spacing of the constituents of a polymer chain, usually resulting in the reduction of the molecular vibration frequency as revealed by the transmission infrared spectroscopy of stressed polymer films. The effect of stress and temperature on infrared frequency shifting and band asymmetry in polymers is investigated experimentally and theoretically. Valence coordinate deformation (molecular strain, or intrachain Gruneisen effect) in individual polypropylene chains accounts for the observed frequency shifting in samples of highly oriented, isotactic polypropylene. Each chain is modelled as a one-dimensional anharmonic system, whose wavefunctions and energies are obtained in the quasiharmonic approximation in order to obtain the stress-induced frequency shifting coefficient (alpha)(,c)(T). Furthermore, we expect that the normalized third derivative (LAMDA) of the carbon-carbon bonding potential will be about the same for any main-chain carbon atoms. Stress-Raman data on oriented polyethylene, analyzed in the skeletal approximation of lumped CH(,2) masses, are consistent with (LAMDA) in a range which brackets the value used by Wool and Boyd for their polypropylene chain analysis.","abstract_html":"Thermal and mechanical stresses alter the spacing of the constituents of a polymer chain, usually resulting in the reduction of the molecular vibration frequency as revealed by the transmission infrared spectroscopy of stressed polymer films. The effect of stress and temperature on infrared frequency shifting and band asymmetry in polymers is investigated experimentally and theoretically. Valence coordinate deformation (molecular strain, or intrachain Gruneisen effect) in individual polypropylene chains accounts for the observed frequency shifting in samples of highly oriented, isotactic polypropylene. Each chain is modelled as a one-dimensional anharmonic system, whose wavefunctions and energies are obtained in the quasiharmonic approximation in order to obtain the stress-induced frequency shifting coefficient (alpha)(,c)(T). Furthermore, we expect that the normalized third derivative (LAMDA) of the carbon-carbon bonding potential will be about the same for any main-chain carbon atoms. Stress-Raman data on oriented polyethylene, analyzed in the skeletal approximation of lumped CH(,2) masses, are consistent with (LAMDA) in a range which brackets the value used by Wool and Boyd for their polypropylene chain analysis.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Bretzlaff, Robert Stewart"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Metallurgical Engineering","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2014,"date_issued":"2014-12-16T20:51:54Z","date_published":"2014-12-16T20:51:54Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:26:05Z","subjects":["Engineering, Materials Science"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["(UMI)AAI8422028"],"render_values":[{"text":"(UMI)AAI8422028","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/71808","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Bretzlaff, Robert Stewart"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2014-12-16T20:51:54Z","10000-01-01","1984"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Metallurgical Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Engineering, Materials Science"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/71808","(UMI)AAI8422028"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Thermal and mechanical stresses alter the spacing of the constituents of a polymer chain, usually resulting in the reduction of the molecular vibration frequency as revealed by the transmission infrared spectroscopy of stressed polymer films. The effect of stress and temperature on infrared frequency shifting and band asymmetry in polymers is investigated experimentally and theoretically. Valence coordinate deformation (molecular strain, or intrachain Gruneisen effect) in individual polypropylene chains accounts for the observed frequency shifting in samples of highly oriented, isotactic polypropylene. Each chain is modelled as a one-dimensional anharmonic system, whose wavefunctions and energies are obtained in the quasiharmonic approximation in order to obtain the stress-induced frequency shifting coefficient (alpha)(,c)(T). Furthermore, we expect that the normalized third derivative (LAMDA) of the carbon-carbon bonding potential will be about the same for any main-chain carbon atoms. Stress-Raman data on oriented polyethylene, analyzed in the skeletal approximation of lumped CH(,2) masses, are consistent with (LAMDA) in a range which brackets the value used by Wool and Boyd for their polypropylene chain analysis.","It is believed that stress-infrared techniques might be used to monitor physical aging in the nonequilibrium glassy state of polymers. The spectra of quenched PVC were subjected to digital subtraction and Fourier self-deconvolution routines to extract the amorphous-state results from competing effects. A slope discontinuity in the skeletal peak frequency versus temperature relation is observed during steady heating, as well as a small frequency shift during isothermal annealing. Theoretical considerations indicate that there are both intra- and inter- molecular contributions to these effects.","Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-16T20:51:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 8422028.pdf: 3962520 bytes, checksum: 374e61a21b82c47c4c21334ecfa9d373 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1984","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 71974 Lift date: Forever Reason: Restricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDs","Restricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDs","U of I Only","118 p.","Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1984."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Infrared Frequency Shifting in Thermally- and Mechanically-Stressed Polymers (Anharmonicity, Nonequilibrium, Ftir, Fourier, Transform, Spectrometer)"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:creator":["Bretzlaff, Robert Stewart"],"dc:date":["2014-12-16T20:51:54Z","10000-01-01","1984"],"dc:description":["Thermal and mechanical stresses alter the spacing of the constituents of a polymer chain, usually resulting in the reduction of the molecular vibration frequency as revealed by the transmission infrared spectroscopy of stressed polymer films. The effect of stress and temperature on infrared frequency shifting and band asymmetry in polymers is investigated experimentally and theoretically. Valence coordinate deformation (molecular strain, or intrachain Gruneisen effect) in individual polypropylene chains accounts for the observed frequency shifting in samples of highly oriented, isotactic polypropylene. Each chain is modelled as a one-dimensional anharmonic system, whose wavefunctions and energies are obtained in the quasiharmonic approximation in order to obtain the stress-induced frequency shifting coefficient (alpha)(,c)(T). Furthermore, we expect that the normalized third derivative (LAMDA) of the carbon-carbon bonding potential will be about the same for any main-chain carbon atoms. Stress-Raman data on oriented polyethylene, analyzed in the skeletal approximation of lumped CH(,2) masses, are consistent with (LAMDA) in a range which brackets the value used by Wool and Boyd for their polypropylene chain analysis.","It is believed that stress-infrared techniques might be used to monitor physical aging in the nonequilibrium glassy state of polymers. The spectra of quenched PVC were subjected to digital subtraction and Fourier self-deconvolution routines to extract the amorphous-state results from competing effects. A slope discontinuity in the skeletal peak frequency versus temperature relation is observed during steady heating, as well as a small frequency shift during isothermal annealing. Theoretical considerations indicate that there are both intra- and inter- molecular contributions to these effects.","Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-16T20:51:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 8422028.pdf: 3962520 bytes, checksum: 374e61a21b82c47c4c21334ecfa9d373 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1984","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 71974 Lift date: Forever Reason: Restricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDs","Restricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDs","U of I Only","118 p.","Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1984."],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/71808","(UMI)AAI8422028"],"dc:subject":["Engineering, Materials Science"],"dc:title":["Infrared Frequency Shifting in Thermally- and Mechanically-Stressed Polymers (Anharmonicity, Nonequilibrium, Ftir, Fourier, Transform, Spectrometer)"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Metallurgical Engineering"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph.D."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:26:05Z"}