{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/70182"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/70182","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Structure and Biosynthesis of the Diterpene Hydrocarbon, Casbene","abstract":"The stereochemical course of the enzyme catalyzed cyclization of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGOPP) to casbene, (1S,14R)-(E,E,E)-3,7,11,15,15-pentamethylbicyclo{14.1.0}pentadeca-2,6,10-triene, was defined in the castor bean plant (Ricinus communis L.,) by resolving the four stereochemical ambiguities in the cyclization. The stereochemical course of the cyclization is defined as follows: (1) the re face of the C-14 carbon of GGOPP is attacked by the C-1 carbon, (2) the E geometry of the double bonds of GGOPP is retained in casbene, (3) the pro-S hydrogen is removed from the C-1 carbon of GGOPP, and (4) the configuration of the 14,15-double bond of GGOPP is retained in the cyclopropane ring of casbene.","abstract_html":"The stereochemical course of the enzyme catalyzed cyclization of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGOPP) to casbene, (1S,14R)-(E,E,E)-3,7,11,15,15-pentamethylbicyclo{14.1.0}pentadeca-2,6,10-triene, was defined in the castor bean plant (Ricinus communis L.,) by resolving the four stereochemical ambiguities in the cyclization. The stereochemical course of the cyclization is defined as follows: (1) the re face of the C-14 carbon of GGOPP is attacked by the C-1 carbon, (2) the E geometry of the double bonds of GGOPP is retained in casbene, (3) the pro-S hydrogen is removed from the C-1 carbon of GGOPP, and (4) the configuration of the 14,15-double bond of GGOPP is retained in the cyclopropane ring of casbene.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Guilford, William Joseph"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Chemistry","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":null,"date_issued":"10000-01-01","date_published":"10000-01-01","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:26:02Z","subjects":["Chemistry, Organic"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["(UMI)AAI8209581"],"render_values":[{"text":"(UMI)AAI8209581","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/70182","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Guilford, William Joseph"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["10000-01-01","1982","2014-12-15T23:17:37Z"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Chemistry"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Chemistry, Organic"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/70182","(UMI)AAI8209581"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["The stereochemical course of the enzyme catalyzed cyclization of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGOPP) to casbene, (1S,14R)-(E,E,E)-3,7,11,15,15-pentamethylbicyclo{14.1.0}pentadeca-2,6,10-triene, was defined in the castor bean plant (Ricinus communis L.,) by resolving the four stereochemical ambiguities in the cyclization. The stereochemical course of the cyclization is defined as follows: (1) the re face of the C-14 carbon of GGOPP is attacked by the C-1 carbon, (2) the E geometry of the double bonds of GGOPP is retained in casbene, (3) the pro-S hydrogen is removed from the C-1 carbon of GGOPP, and (4) the configuration of the 14,15-double bond of GGOPP is retained in the cyclopropane ring of casbene.","The stereospecific loss of the pro-S hydrogen of GGOPP was assigned by determining the deuterium content of casbene biosynthesized in microgram quantities from (R,S)-GGOPP-1-d-1-t and (S)-GGOPP-1-d-1-t in the cell-free enzyme extract obtained from 3-day old castor bean seedlings. The analysis was carried out by GC-MS using selective ion monitoring.","The retention of the geometry of the four double bonds of GGOPP in the three double bonds and on the cyclopropane ring of casbene was assigned by analyzing the carbon-13 NMR spectrum of casbene labeled specifically with four carbon-13 atoms. The carbon-13 labeled casbenes were biosynthesized in submilligram amounts from three specifically labeled mevalonolactones which label the allylic carbons of GGOPP regiospecifically.","The re attack on the C-14 carbon center was determined by assigning the absolute configuration of casbene. The configuration was determined by oxidatively degrading casbene on a submilligram scale and identifying the degradation product as methyl (1S,3R)-2,2-dimethyl-3-(3-oxobutyl)cyclopropanecarboxylate by comparing the proton NMR spectra of the degradation product and authentic samples taken in the chiral solution: (R)-(-)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-(9-anthryl)ethanol in benzene-d(,6).","Interestingly, the stereochemical results of this study are identical with those observed in the formation of presqualene pyrophosphate from two farnesyl pyrophosphates and neither cyclization shows a primary deuterium isotope effect.","Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-15T23:17:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 8209581.pdf: 5361970 bytes, checksum: 220592a20be6c1f609eb06ca6761438c (MD5) Previous issue date: 1982","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 70348 Lift date: Forever Reason: Restricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDs","Restricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDs","U of I Only","193 p.","Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1982."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Structure and Biosynthesis of the Diterpene Hydrocarbon, Casbene"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:creator":["Guilford, William Joseph"],"dc:date":["10000-01-01","1982","2014-12-15T23:17:37Z"],"dc:description":["The stereochemical course of the enzyme catalyzed cyclization of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGOPP) to casbene, (1S,14R)-(E,E,E)-3,7,11,15,15-pentamethylbicyclo{14.1.0}pentadeca-2,6,10-triene, was defined in the castor bean plant (Ricinus communis L.,) by resolving the four stereochemical ambiguities in the cyclization. The stereochemical course of the cyclization is defined as follows: (1) the re face of the C-14 carbon of GGOPP is attacked by the C-1 carbon, (2) the E geometry of the double bonds of GGOPP is retained in casbene, (3) the pro-S hydrogen is removed from the C-1 carbon of GGOPP, and (4) the configuration of the 14,15-double bond of GGOPP is retained in the cyclopropane ring of casbene.","The stereospecific loss of the pro-S hydrogen of GGOPP was assigned by determining the deuterium content of casbene biosynthesized in microgram quantities from (R,S)-GGOPP-1-d-1-t and (S)-GGOPP-1-d-1-t in the cell-free enzyme extract obtained from 3-day old castor bean seedlings. The analysis was carried out by GC-MS using selective ion monitoring.","The retention of the geometry of the four double bonds of GGOPP in the three double bonds and on the cyclopropane ring of casbene was assigned by analyzing the carbon-13 NMR spectrum of casbene labeled specifically with four carbon-13 atoms. The carbon-13 labeled casbenes were biosynthesized in submilligram amounts from three specifically labeled mevalonolactones which label the allylic carbons of GGOPP regiospecifically.","The re attack on the C-14 carbon center was determined by assigning the absolute configuration of casbene. The configuration was determined by oxidatively degrading casbene on a submilligram scale and identifying the degradation product as methyl (1S,3R)-2,2-dimethyl-3-(3-oxobutyl)cyclopropanecarboxylate by comparing the proton NMR spectra of the degradation product and authentic samples taken in the chiral solution: (R)-(-)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-(9-anthryl)ethanol in benzene-d(,6).","Interestingly, the stereochemical results of this study are identical with those observed in the formation of presqualene pyrophosphate from two farnesyl pyrophosphates and neither cyclization shows a primary deuterium isotope effect.","Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-15T23:17:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 8209581.pdf: 5361970 bytes, checksum: 220592a20be6c1f609eb06ca6761438c (MD5) Previous issue date: 1982","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 70348 Lift date: Forever Reason: Restricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDs","Restricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDs","U of I Only","193 p.","Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1982."],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/70182","(UMI)AAI8209581"],"dc:subject":["Chemistry, Organic"],"dc:title":["Structure and Biosynthesis of the Diterpene Hydrocarbon, Casbene"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Chemistry"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph.D."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:26:02Z"}